中国在校大学生人数高居世界第一

 In 1949 when the People's Republic of China was founded, only 117,000 students were attending colleges or universities. But the number soared to 37 million in 2015 - the world's largest student population.

1949年中华人民共和国成立的时候，全国仅有11.7万在校大学生。而在2015年，这一数字已经飙升到3700万，位居全球首位。

Now, one in every five college students is in China, according to the country's first quality report on higher education, which was released by the Ministry¹ of Education on last Thursday.

上周四，教育部首次发布了中国高等教育质量报告。该报告指出，中国目前在校大学生的数量已占全球的五分之一。

China's higher education system, one of the largest in the world, has evolved quickly and contributed greatly to the country's development during the past seven decades, the report said. The number of colleges and universities in the country now stands at almost 2,900, and is second only to the United States.

该报告显示，在过去的七十年里，中国高等教育系统迅速发展，为国家的发展做出了很大的贡献，目前已经成为世界上最大的高等教育系统之一。我国全国各类高校数量达到了将近2900所，仅次于美国，位居世界第二。

The report also shows that expenditures² on higher education have increased greatly in recent years - as has the number of educators, the amount of real estate and teaching resources.

该报告还指出，近些年来，随着高校教育工作者、教学资产和教学资源数量的增加，全国高等教育的经费也大幅增加。

中国在校大学生人数高居世界第一

"The fast development of higher education in China has offered more ordinary Chinese people the opportunity to attend college. It has also provided intelligent support for the dramatic transformation³ of Chinese society," said Wu Yan, director of the Higher Education Evaluation⁴ Center. "Colleges and universities are playing increasingly important roles in the country's efforts to innovate⁵."

教育部高等教育教学评估中心主任吴岩表示：“中国高等教育的快速发展让更多的普通人有机会进入大学学习。这为中国社会的成功转型提供了智力上的支持，高校对国家创新的作用越来越大。”

But the report also found that China's higher education system has problems to overcome. It mentions a low transfer rate for scientific research achievements, inadequate⁶ education in the fields of innovation and entrepreneurship and a phenomenon that gives more weight in educators' performance assessments⁷ to research success than to their teaching ability.

但是报告也指出，中国高等教育仍有很多问题需要克服。例如，高校科研成果转化率低、创新人才培养力度不够、评定高校教师过多注重科研，而非其教学能力。

Zhong Binglin, director of the Chinese Society of Education, said it will take time to solve the problems.

中国教育协会会长钟秉林表示，要解决这些问题需要时间。

"There is still much to be done for most colleges and universities to catch up with world-class universities," he said. "To improve China's higher education, reforms should be continued, more resources should be allocated⁸ and advanced educational ideas should be introduced to create a good learning atmosphere and to cultivate students' innovative⁹ abilities."

他说：“对于大多数高校来说，要赶上世界级大学的水平还有很长的路要走。提高中国的高等教育，需要继续深化改革，加大教育资源配置，引进先进的教育理念，以创造良好学风，培养学生的创新能力。”

1 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

2 expenditures   

n.花费( expenditure的名词复数 )；使用；（尤指金钱的）支出额；（精力、时间、材料等的）耗费

参考例句：

• We have overspent.We'll have to let up our expenditures next month. 我们已经超支了，下个月一定得节约开支。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The pension includes an allowance of fifty pounds for traffic expenditures. 年金中包括50镑交通费补贴。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 transformation   

n.变化；改造；转变

参考例句：

• Going to college brought about a dramatic transformation in her outlook.上大学使她的观念发生了巨大的变化。
• He was struggling to make the transformation from single man to responsible husband.他正在努力使自己由单身汉变为可靠的丈夫。

4 evaluation   

n.估价，评价；赋值

参考例句：

• I attempted an honest evaluation of my own life.我试图如实地评价我自己的一生。
• The new scheme is still under evaluation.新方案还在评估阶段。

5 innovate   

v.革新，变革，创始

参考例句：

• We must innovate in order to make progress.我们必须改革以便取得进步。
• It is necessary to innovate and develop military theories.创新和发展军事理论是必要的。

6 inadequate   

adj.(for,to)不充足的，不适当的

参考例句：

• The supply is inadequate to meet the demand.供不应求。
• She was inadequate to the demands that were made on her.她还无力满足对她提出的各项要求。

7 assessments   

n.评估( assessment的名词复数 )；评价；（应偿付金额的）估定；（为征税对财产所作的）估价

参考例句：

• He was shrewd in his personal assessments. 他总能对人作出精明的评价。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Surveys show about two-thirds use such assessments, while half employ personality tests. 调查表明，约有三分之二的公司采用了这种测评；而一半的公司则采用工作人员个人品质测试。 来自百科语句

8 allocated   

adj. 分配的 动词allocate的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• The Ford Foundation allocated millions of dollars for cancer research. 福特基金会拨款数百万美元用于癌症研究。
• More funds will now be allocated to charitable organizations. 现在会拨更多的资金给慈善组织。

9 innovative   

adj.革新的，新颖的，富有革新精神的

参考例句：

• Discover an innovative way of marketing.发现一个创新的营销方式。
• He was one of the most creative and innovative engineers of his generation.他是他那代人当中最富创造性与革新精神的工程师之一。