波多黎各要建州或独立?新总督寻求解决危机

 　　SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico (AP) — Puerto Rico’s new governor was sworn in Monday as the U.S. territory prepares for what many believe will be new austerity measures and a renewed push for statehood to haul the island out of a deep economic crisis.

　　（美联社）波多黎各，圣胡安市 － 波多黎各新总督周一宣誓就职，作为美国领土许多人认为要为新的紧缩措施做准备，并为该岛摆脱严重的经济危机重新推动建州或独立。

　　Gov. Ricardo Rossello, 37, proposed several measures aimed at alleviating¹ the crisis shortly after he was sworn in at midnight. Among them is a proposal to hold a referendum that would ask voters whether they prefer statehood or independence. Many have argued that Puerto Rico’s political status has contributed to its decade-long crisis that has prompted more than 200,000 people to flee to the U.S. mainland in recent years.

　　37岁的总督瑞奇·罗塞略在午夜宣誓后提出了几项用于缓解短期危机的措施。其中包括一项公投的提案将询问投票公民是否同意建州或独立。许多人认为，波多黎各的政治地位产生了长达十年的危机，近年来已促使超过20万波多黎各人逃往美国大陆。

　　Rossello also has pledged to work closely with a federal control board that U.S. Congress created last year to oversee² Puerto Rico’s finances, and he has said he supports negotiations³ with creditors⁴ to help restructure a nearly $70 billion public debt.

　　罗塞略致力于改善公私合作伙伴关系，并使用这笔收入来挽救面临400亿美元的退休制度，预计不到一年就会崩溃。罗塞略也承诺与美国国会去年成立监督波多黎各财政的联邦控制委员会密切合作，他还说支持与债权人就协助重组一笔近700亿美元的公债谈判。

　　Thousands of supporters awaited Rossello’s arrival for the post-swearing-in inauguration⁵ ceremony at the island’s seaside Capitol building, clutching umbrellas to protect themselves from a searing sun.

　　在岛上海边的总督大楼，数万名支持群众等待罗塞略在宣誓就职典礼后的到来，手握着伞挡住炽热阳光。

　　“This is a historic moment for Puerto Rico,” said 50-year-old Jose Davila as he waved a large flag from Rossello’s pro-statehood party. “He’s the hope of our island, he’s the hope for statehood, he’s the hope for a people that have suffered.”

　　"这是波多黎各的历史时刻"，50岁的何塞·达维拉，他从力挺罗塞略的政党上挥舞大旗一边说着。"总督是我们岛上的希望，也是受苦的人民的希望"。

　　Puerto Ricans have been hit with dozens of new taxes in the past four years and increases in utility bills as former Gov. Alejandro Garcia Padilla aimed to generate more revenue for a government he said was running out of money. Despite those and other measures, the island’s government has defaulted on millions of dollars’ worth of bond payments and declared a state of emergency at several agencies.

　　波多黎各人自前任总督的过去4年受到了几十项新税收的影响，还增加了水电费。加西亚·帕迪利亚设法为政府创造更多的收入，他说资金正在用尽。尽管有某些和那些措施，岛上政府已经违约上百万美元的债券付款，数个机构宣布进入紧急状态。

　　The federal control board has requested a revised fiscal⁶ plan that has to be approved by end of January, saying that the one Garcia submitted last year was in part unrealistic and relied too heavily on federal funds. Garcia had refused to submit a revised plan to include austerity measures. Rossello has said he would request an extension of that deadline as well as an extension of a moratorium⁷ that expires in February and currently protects Puerto Rico from lawsuits⁸ filed by angered creditors.

　　联邦控制委员会要求修订的财政计划必须在1月底前批准，举出加西亚去年提交的部份是不现实的，并过度依赖联邦资金。加西亚拒绝提交一项修订计划，包括紧缩措施。罗塞略已经表示，他将要求延长还款期限与在2月到期的延缓偿付，目前保护波多黎各避免被愤怒的债权人诉讼。

　　The new governor also seeks to privatize services such as the generation of energy, establish an office to oversee and distribute federal funds to cut down on corruption⁹, and to create financial incentives¹⁰ for doctors to boost the number of dwindling¹¹ specialists.

　　新总督还寻求私有化如能源生产部门的服务，设立一个办公室监督和分类联邦资金以减少腐败，并为医生创造财政奖励，以提升日益减少的专家人数。

　　As supporters kept streaming toward the Capitol building, one yelled out, “Today, a new Puerto Rico begins!” to the cheers of others, including those holding U.S. flags.

　　当支持者在周一早些时候涌向总督大楼，一人高喊，"今天，新的波多黎各开始了！" 随着其他人的欢呼，包括那些拿着美国国旗的群众。

1 alleviating   

减轻，缓解，缓和( alleviate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• If it's alleviating pain,who knows what else it's doing? 如果它减轻了疼痛，天知道还影响什么？
• Measuring poverty is not the same as alleviating it, of course. 当然，衡量贫困和减轻贫困是截然不同的。

2 oversee   

vt.监督，管理

参考例句：

• Soldiers oversee the food handouts.士兵们看管着救济食品。
• Use a surveyor or architect to oversee and inspect the different stages of the work.请一位房产检视员或建筑师来监督并检查不同阶段的工作。

3 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

4 creditors   

n.债权人，债主( creditor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• They agreed to repay their creditors over a period of three years. 他们同意3年内向债主还清欠款。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Creditors could obtain a writ for the arrest of their debtors. 债权人可以获得逮捕债务人的令状。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 inauguration   

n.开幕、就职典礼

参考例句：

• The inauguration of a President of the United States takes place on January 20.美国总统的就职典礼于一月二十日举行。
• Three celebrated tenors sang at the president's inauguration.3位著名的男高音歌手在总统就职仪式上演唱。

6 fiscal   

adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的

参考例句：

• The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。
• The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。

7 moratorium   

n.(行动、活动的)暂停(期)，延期偿付

参考例句：

• The government has called for a moratorium on weapons testing.政府已要求暂停武器试验。
• We recommended a moratorium on two particular kinds of experiments.我们建议暂禁两种特殊的实验。

8 lawsuits   

n.诉讼( lawsuit的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Lawsuits involving property rights and farming and grazing rights increased markedly. 涉及财产权，耕作与放牧权的诉讼案件显著地增加。 来自辞典例句
• I've lost and won more lawsuits than any man in England. 全英国的人算我官司打得最多，赢的也多，输的也多。 来自辞典例句

9 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

10 incentives   

激励某人做某事的事物( incentive的名词复数 )； 刺激； 诱因； 动机

参考例句：

• tax incentives to encourage savings 鼓励储蓄的税收措施
• Furthermore, subsidies provide incentives only for investments in equipment. 更有甚者，提供津贴仅是为鼓励增添设备的投资。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

11 dwindling   

adj.逐渐减少的v.逐渐变少或变小( dwindle的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• The number of wild animals on the earth is dwindling. 地球上野生动物的数量正日渐减少。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He is struggling to come to terms with his dwindling authority. 他正努力适应自己权力被削弱这一局面。 来自辞典例句