高中英语必修模块3课本01

[00:-1.00]25     The Spirit of Explorers¹
[00:-2.00]Viking voyages² to america
[00:-3.00]The Vikings were the first Europeans who reached America.
[00:-4.00]They achieved this long before Columbus ever set sail.
[00:-5.00]The Vikings were a group of people who originated³ from Scandinavia.
[00:-6.00]They dominated⁴ the seas and coasts of Northern Europe
[00:-7.00]between the 8th and 10th centuries AD.
[00:-8.00]By around 900AD,there were mnay places in Northern Europe
[00:-9.00]where the Viking chose to live.
[00:10.00]In 982AD,when a man called Eric the Red decided⁵ to set sail further west,
[00:11.00]there were as many as 10,000 Vikings living Iceland.
[00:12.00]According to the legends⁶ of Iceland and Norway,
[00:13.00]Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because he had committed⁷ a murder,
[00:14.00]for which he got into trouble.
[00:15.00]Eric reached Greenland
[00:16.00]and discovered that the place where he landed could be colonised.
[00:17.00]He returned to Iceland and told people there about Greenland.
[00:18.00]He persuaded some people to go back with him to Greenland.
[00:19.00]Eric set sail once again,this time with 25 ships,
[00:20.00]of which only 14 made it to Greenland.
[00:21.00]Not long after Eric the Red had landed in Greenland,
[00:22.00]a man called Biarni set sail from Iceland in search of Eric's party.
[00:23.00]Biarni was hoping to join his father who was with Eric,
[00:24.00]but he was blown off course and found himself in an unknown land,
[00:25.00]from where he eventually reached Greenland.
[00:26.00]In the year 1002,when Eric the Red's son Leif was planning a trip further west,
[00:27.00]Biarni was the man with whom Leif discussed his plans.
[00:28.00]Leif followed Biarni's directions
[00:29.00]and sailed to what is believed to be the coast of present-day Canada.
[00:30.00]He then sailed further south to an island which he named Vinland
[00:31.00]but is now known⁸ as Newfoundland.
[00:32.00]We know about Eric the Red and Leif's deeds
[00:33.00]through legends which were written down centuries later in Norway and Iceland.
[00:34.00]They are the first records we have of Europeans sailing to America

1 explorers   

n.探险家，勘探者( explorer的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The explorers climbed a mound to survey the land around them. 勘探者爬上土丘去勘测周围的土地。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The explorers had to rough it when they got into the jungle. 那些探险者进入丛林后，不得不过着艰苦的生活。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 voyages   

航行，航海，航天( voyage的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• There were voyages in Japanese-built ships to India and Peru. 日本人建造的船曾经航行到印度、秘鲁。
• His successful voyages showed what great advances had been made. 他的航行成功说明航海业又前进了一大步。

3 originated   

v.起源于，来自，产生( originate的过去式和过去分词 )；创造；创始；开创

参考例句：

• The disease is thought to have originated in the tropics. 这种疾病据说起源于热带地区。
• The art of portrait miniatures was originated in England. 微型画像艺术创始于英国。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 dominated   

受控的 -tive

参考例句：

• As a child he was dominated by his father. 他小时候由父亲主宰一切。
• His personality dominated over the other members of the committee. 他的人格影响委员会的其他成员。

5 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

6 legends   

n.传说( legend的名词复数 )；民间传说；（地图或书中图表的）图例；传奇人物

参考例句：

• They drew the material of their plays chiefly from myths and legends. 他们主要从神话传说中提取剧本的素材。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• Both men were legends in their own time. 这两个人在他们各自的时代都是传奇式人物。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 committed   

a.坚定的，献身的，忠诚的

参考例句：

• They called for assurances that the government is committed to its education policy. 他们要求保证政府切实执行其教育方针。
• He committed the cardinal sin of criticizing his teammates. 他犯了指责队友的大错。

8 known   

adj.大家知道的；知名的，已知的

参考例句：

• He is a known artist.他是一个知名的艺术家。
• He is known both as a painter and as a statesman.他是知名的画家及政治家。