高中英语人教版高二上11

[00:04.41]Lesson 33
[00:07.76]1.Dialogue
[00:11.60]Jackie is talking to Yang Pei about a conference¹ which Jackie has just been to.
[00:18.96]What was the conference like?
[00:22.41]Very interesting.It was called "Saving² the earth"
[00:27.27]and it was all about the damage that is being caused to the world.
[00:32.44]What did you do at the meeting?
[00:35.68]Well, we listened to lectures about pollution,
[00:40.65]agrculture,nuclear waste,radia-tion and so on.
[00:46.81]It's good idea to hold such conferences³.
[00:51.17]Yes.If we go on polluting the world,it won't b fit for us to live in.
[00:57.94]I agree with you.We've got to so something about pollution.It's getting worse.
[01:04.50]Yes,it certainly is.
[01:07.97]If people don't sop⁴ pollutting the seas and rivers,there will be no fish left.
[01:14.14]That's quite true.We've got to think of ways of changing people's habits.
[01:20.38]Well,what else did you hear about at the meeting?
[01:24.74]There was a good talk about the increase in the world's population.
[01:30.10]If the population keeps growing so quickly,
[01:34.46]there will only be standing⁵ room left for us next century!
[01:39.45]That's a problem we Chinese must pay special attention to.
[01:44.41]Lesson 34
[01:52.46]2.Reading comprehension⁶
[01:56.82]Read the three passages.
[02:00.29]Find the places on the map of the world where the damage has happened.
[02:05.57]EARTH
[02:07.92]The area of desert in the world is growing every year.
[02:12.88]Many parts of the world,
[02:16.05]which once had large populations and produced plenty of crops,
[02:21.51]have become deserts.
[02:24.67]Dunhuang in China,deep in the heart of the Gebi Desert,was once a great city.
[02:31.51]Cattle⁷ are one cause of the problem.
[02:35.35]In good years,farmers increase the numbers of their cattle.
[02:40.60]Then one year,the rains fail to come.
[02:44.96]The farmers do not want to kill any of their cattle,
[02:49.33]so the cattle eat all the grass and anything that grows on poorer land.
[02:55.07]If this continues for several years,
[02:58.91]the grass never grows again and the land becomes a desert.
[03:04.06]One suggested answer is for farmers to limit the numbers of their cattle.
[03:09.73]Another problem is that good soil is gradually⁸ lost.
[03:14.59]When trees are cut down,
[03:17.93]there is nothing to hold the soil in place on the hillside.
[03:22.68]So when it rains,the soil is washed down the hills and into the rivers.
[03:28.64]Strong winds can also blow away the valuable soil
[03:33.68]that lies on the top of the fields.
[03:37.76]AIR
[03:40.21]Air pollution comes from factories,power stations and cars.
[03:46.27]Chemicals in the smoke from power stations cause a lot of damage.
[03:52.02]They can travel hundreds of miles in the wind,
[03:56.38]before falling to the ground in the rain.
[04:00.33]But this "chemical rain"
[04:03.98]gradually destroys trees in the forests and kills fish in the lakes.
[04:10.25]In Germany,over 50% of the country's trees had been damaged by the year 1986.
[04:19.00]Time and time again there ate serious accidents that pollute the air.
[04:25.25]In 1986 there was a bad accident at a nuclear power station in Russia.
[04:32.69]A cloud of radiation crossed the whole of Europe.
[04:37.84]It is said that 125,000 people died in Russia
[04:43.77]as a result of illnesses caused by this accident.
[04:48.52]In 1984 there was a serious accident at a factory in India
[04:54.69]and a cloud of dangeous gas covered the town of Bhopal.
[05:00.15]Over 2500 people were killed that night,
[05:05.74]and hundreds of thousands of people were injured⁹.
[05:13.00]WATER
[05:15.45]Water pollution is caused by waste from factories and cities.
[05:21.62]Oceans are able to clean themselves,
[05:25.77]but certain seas,once they become dirty,are not able to do so.
[05:32.23]One example is the mediterranean¹⁰ which lies between Europe and Africa.
[05:38.78]It has only one narrow entrance to the ocean in the west.
[05:44.24]One quarter of the shores of the Mediterranean are polluted¹¹

[05:49.81]and are no longer safe for swimming,
[05:53.75]as a lot of diseases¹² are present in the water.
[05:58.19]In most places it is not safe to eat the fish.
[06:03.26]Lakes also have the same problems.
[06:07.31]Lake Baikal in Asia was once the cleanest in the world,
[06:12.66]with over 700 different kinds of plant and animal life.
[06:18.54]Now,however,the waters of this great lake,
[06:23.58]which is also the world's deepest (over 1,740 metres),
[06:31.05]have been dirtied by waste from a chemical factory.
[06:36.02]In 1989 an oil tanker¹³ hit a rock off the northwest coast of Alaska.
[06:43.77]35,000 tons of oil poured into the sea.
[06:49.34]The accident was one of the worst in history.
[06:53.88]More than 34,000 birds and 10,000 animals were killed.
[07:00.65]4,800 square kilometres of ocean were polluted.
[07:06.81]Lesson 35
[07:14.96]1.Reading comprehension
[07:19.54]ANIMALS IN DANGER
[07:23.01]Three billion years after life began,
[07:27.56]the earth is now the home to many different kinds of living things
[07:33.12]- perhaps five to ten million kinds.
[07:37.27]However,many of these are dying¹⁴ out.
[07:41.64]It is thought that between the years 1550 and 1950
[07:47.83]an average of one kind of living thing died out each year.
[07:53.39]By 1985 this had risen to one per day.
[07:58.85]Between 1980 and 2010
[08:03.60]we may lose another half a million different kinds of living things.
[08:09.46]There are many reasons for animals dying out,
[08:13.92]but the most important one is the part that humans have played.
[08:19.49]First,many animals have been killed for food.
[08:24.35]Second,many of the places where these animals used to live have been destroyed.
[08:31.11]Dry lands have been watered.
[08:34.59]Wet lands have been turned into fields.
[08:38.84]Forests have been cleared.
[08:42.19]Much land has either been changed to farmland¹⁵ or used for building.
[08:48.14]Polluted rivers and lakes have also been a cause of death.
[08:53.50]One exaple of an animal in danger is the tiger.
[08:58.46]There are three types of tiger living in China:
[09:02.72]the South China,the Northeastern,and the Bengal.
[09:07.89]In all there are probably no more than a total of 400 tigers left in China.
[09:14.95]Many of the forests where they lived were destroyed.
[09:19.49]Also,tigers were hunted and killed
[09:23.75]until in many areas the entire population had disappeared.
[09:29.39]In 1900 there were about 100,000 tigers in Asia.
[09:35.66]In 1970 when the shooting¹⁶ of tigers was stopped there were just 5,000 left.
[09:43.11]In India,however,the population of tigers has increased,
[09:48.67]from 2,000 in 1972 to about 5,000 in 1989.
[09:56.04]Perhaps the same progress can be made in China.
[10:01.00]3.Reading comprehension
[10:05.26]Read the text and mark all the past participles which you can find in it.
[10:11.32]A DAY IN THE FOREST
[10:14.48]Last Monday our class went on an organized trip to a forest to study the wildlife.
[10:21.92]We travelled by bus.It took us two and a half hours to get to the forest.
[10:28.69]When we arrived,we were given printed question papers¹⁷.
[10:34.02]We had to fill in the answers in our notebooks.
[10:38.48]The purpose of the trip
[10:41.54]was to record all the wildlife and plants that we could find in the forest.
[10:47.78]Whenever we found an unknown plant,we wrote "unknown" in our notebooks.
[10:53.95]If none of us knew the name of the plant,we wrote "unknown" in our notebooks.
[11:00.92]The gate into the forest was open,so we entered it.
[11:05.68]We all started looking for new types of plant.
[11:09.83]Sun Yao,our monitor and I remembered a programme that a well-known
[11:15.89]film direcor had made about the forest.
[11:20.15]She had shown pictures of a plant that had recently been discovered.
[11:25.61]She had not said,however,where it could be found.
[11:30.47]She said it was a well-kept secret.
[11:34.31]We decided¹⁸ to try and find this plant.
[11:38.57]We had our picnic lunch in the forest next to a fallen tree.
[11:43.92]After lunch we put some water into a bottle

[11:48.28]and did tests to see if it was polluted.
[11:52.65]We were all very interested to see the results.
[11:57.11]In fact,the water was not at all polluted.
[12:01.66]In the afternoon,we all went off separately¹⁹ to look for new plants.
[12:07.72]At five o'clock we started walking bacd to the entrance to the forest.
[12:13.49]Suddenly someone said,"Has anyone seen Sun Yao?He must be lost."
[12:20.26]Three of us walked back about one kilometre and found Sun Yao.
[12:25.72]He was busy measuring a plant and taking photographs of it.
[12:31.07]Pointing to the young plant,
[12:34.31]he asded me if that was the type of plant we had ween in the film.
[12:39.48]To my great joy,the plant did look exactly like what we were looking for.
[12:45.83]All of us felt very happy

1 conference   

n.（正式的）会议；讨论

参考例句：

• We're having a conference and we'd like you to sit in.我们将举行一次会议，希望你来旁听。
• The conference will come to a close this afternoon.今天下午会议闭幕。

2 saving   

n.节省，节约；[pl.]储蓄金，存款

参考例句：

• Energy saving is term strategic policy of our country.节约能源是我国长期的战略国策。
• Old-fashioned housewives were usually very saving.旧时的家庭主妇通常都很节俭。

3 conferences   

n.会议( conference的名词复数 )；讨论；（正式）讨论会；[工会、工党用语]（每年的）大会

参考例句：

• The hotel is used for exhibitions, conferences and social events. 这家饭店用于举行展览、大型会议和社交活动。
• Such conferences usually meant the loss of a valuable working day. 这种会晤通常都意味着损失一个宝贵的工作日。 来自辞典例句

4 sop   

n.湿透的东西，懦夫；v.浸，泡，浸湿

参考例句：

• I used a mop to sop up the spilled water.我用拖把把泼出的水擦干。
• The playground was a mere sop.操场很湿。

5 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

6 comprehension   

n.理解，理解力；领悟

参考例句：

• The teacher set the class a comprehension test.老师对全班同学进行了一次理解力测验。
• The problem is above my comprehension.这个问题超出我的理解力。

7 cattle   

n.牛，牲口，畜生

参考例句：

• He has twenty head of cattle on the farm.他在农场养了20头牛。
• On big farms cattle are usually stamped with brands.在大农场，牲畜通常是打烙印的。

8 gradually   

adv.逐渐地

参考例句：

• The roaring sea gradually calmed down.咆哮的大海逐渐平静下来。
• Gradually he became silent.渐渐地他变得沉默寡言了。

9 injured   

adj.受伤的

参考例句：

• Our best defender is injured and won't be able to play today.我们最佳的防守员受伤了，今天不能参加比赛。
• The injured men have been dug out of the snow.受伤人员从雪中被挖了出来。

10 Mediterranean   

adj.地中海的；地中海沿岸的

参考例句：

• The houses are Mediterranean in character.这些房子都属地中海风格。
• Gibraltar is the key to the Mediterranean.直布罗陀是地中海的要冲。

11 polluted   

adj.被污染的

参考例句：

• Polluted air hangs over the city.城市上空被污染的空气所笼罩。
• The air was polluted by factory smoke.空气被工厂冒的烟污染了。

12 diseases   

n.疾病( disease的名词复数 )；弊端；恶疾；痼疾

参考例句：

• Smoking is a causative factor in several major diseases. 抽烟是引起几种严重疾病的病因。
• The illness frequently coexists with other chronic diseases. 这种病往往与其他慢性病同时存在。

13 tanker   

n.油轮

参考例句：

• The tanker took on 200,000 barrels of crude oil.油轮装载了二十万桶原油。
• Heavy seas had pounded the tanker into three parts.汹涌的巨浪把油轮撞成三载。

14 dying   

adj.垂死的，临终的

参考例句：

• He was put in charge of the group by the dying leader.他被临终的领导人任命为集团负责人。
• She was shown into a small room,where there was a dying man.她被领进了一间小屋子，那里有一个垂死的人。

15 farmland   

n.农田，乡间的土地

参考例句：

• They own 200 acres of farmland.他们拥有200英亩的农田。
• If this wet land was drained,it would be good farmland.如果把这块湿地的水排干，这块地就会成为良田。

16 shooting   

n.射击，发射；猎场，狩猎场

参考例句：

• The soldiers began shooting away at the enemy positions.战士们开始朝敌人的阵地不断地射击。
• I was in the act of shooting him when I suddenly recognized him.我正要向他开枪时，突然认出了他。

17 papers   

n.文件，纸币，论文

参考例句：

• I want to check with my secretary before I sign the papers.在签署这些文件前，我要与我的秘书商议。
• The lawyer read all the papers relating to the case.律师阅读了与该案有关的全部文件。

18 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

19 separately   

adv.单独地，分开地

参考例句：

• Bulky items will be collected separately.大件物品将分开收集。
• Text and graphics are prepared separately and then combined.文字和图分别编排后再进行混排。