美国有线新闻 CNN 大肠杆菌的危险

\Romaine is another type that's getting attention for the wrong reason. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control is warning that a recent E. coli outbreak is connected to romaine lettuce¹.

长叶生菜是另一个因错误原因引发关注的例子。美国疾病控制中心(简称CDC)发布警告称，近期爆发的大肠杆菌疫情与长叶生菜有关。

And this outbreak looks to be pretty widespread. It's affected² at least 53 people in 16 states, including eight people at a prison in Alaska. But it's a lettuce growing area several states away, in Yuma, Arizona, that's believed to be the source of the outbreak.

这起疫情扩散的范围非常广。目前美国16个州至少有53人感染，其中包括阿拉斯加州8名监狱服刑人员。但是，这种生菜的种植地在亚利桑那州尤马市，这里也被认为是疫情爆发的源头，该地与阿拉斯加州之间隔着好几个州。

Labels on packages often don't say where the lettuce is from. So, the CDC says people should throw out any romaine in their homes and avoid it at restaurants unless they know for sure that the lettuce isn't from Yuma.

包装上的标签通常不会注明生菜产地。因此，美国疾病控制中心表示，民众应该扔掉家里所有长叶生菜，同时避免在餐厅食用长叶生菜，除非他们确切知道所食用生菜的产地不是尤马市。

No deaths have been reported as of last night. But five victims have developed a type of kidney failure as a result of the bacterial³ outbreak.

截至昨晚，没有出现死亡报告。但是5名受害者已因为细菌感染引发一种肾衰竭。

ELIZABETH COHEN, CNN SENIOR MEDICAL CORRESPONDENT: E. coli is a type of bacteria. It lives in your intestines⁴ and it lives in the intestines of animals.

CNN高级医疗记者伊丽莎白?科恩：大肠杆菌是一种细菌。这种细菌生活在人类和动物的肠道里。

COHEN: Most of the time, E. coli is harmless. You're not going to get sick. But there are some strains that can get you sick. E. coli 0157:H7 is a particularly dangerous strain of E. coli. You can get it from undercooked ground meat. You can get it from vegetables, from unpasteurized milk and juice, from soft cheeses. While it is found in vegetables, ultimately, an animal is the source. So, animal waste somehow has come in contact with crops.

科恩：大多数时候，大肠杆菌是无害的。它不会让你生病。但是一些菌株会让你生病。大肠杆菌0157:H7是极为危险的一种大肠杆菌菌株。未煮熟的肉末中含有这种菌株。另外，蔬菜、未杀菌牛奶、果汁以及软奶酪中也含有这一菌株。虽然蔬菜中含有这种菌株，但是最终动物才是源头。动物排泄物以某种方式与农作物接触。

Children and adults with weakened immune system, they're the most vulnerable to getting very sick. The signs of E. coli poisoning are nausea⁵ and vomiting⁶, abdominal⁷ pain, cramps⁸, fatigue⁹ and fever. Most people who get sick from E. coli, they recover in five to 10 days. But some people, they get really sick. Their organs can shut down and they can die.

免疫系统薄弱的儿童和成年人最易严重感染。感染大肠杆菌的症状包括恶心、呕吐、腹痛、痉挛、疲劳、发烧。大多数感染大肠杆菌的人会在5到10天内康复。但是有些人会因感染而生重病。他们的器官可能会关闭，继而导致死亡。

There are things that you can do to prevent an E. coli infection. Wash your fruits and vegetables, cook your meats thoroughly¹⁰, use a thermometer and get that thermometer up to 160 degrees.

有方法可以防止大肠杆菌感染。清洗水果和蔬菜，完全煮熟肉类，使用温度计，确保食物烹煮温度达到160华氏度。

There's no cure for an E. coli infection. Antibiotics¹¹ don't work. So, the best thing you can do is keep yourself hydrated and keep yourself rested.

大肠杆菌感染没有治愈方法。抗生素没有用。最好的方法是保持体内水分充足并让自己得到充分休息。

1 lettuce   

n.莴苣；生菜

参考例句：

• Get some lettuce and tomatoes so I can make a salad.买些莴苣和西红柿，我好做色拉。
• The lettuce is crisp and cold.莴苣松脆爽口。

2 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

3 bacterial   

a.细菌的

参考例句：

• Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间，细菌繁殖加快了。
• Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。

4 intestines   

n.肠( intestine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Perhaps the most serious problems occur in the stomach and intestines. 最严重的问题或许出现在胃和肠里。 来自辞典例句
• The traps of carnivorous plants function a little like the stomachs and small intestines of animals. 食肉植物的捕蝇器起着动物的胃和小肠的作用。 来自辞典例句

5 nausea   

n.作呕，恶心；极端的憎恶(或厌恶)

参考例句：

• Early pregnancy is often accompanied by nausea.怀孕期常有恶心的现象。
• He experienced nausea after eating octopus.吃了章鱼后他感到恶心。

6 vomiting   

吐

参考例句：

• Symptoms include diarrhoea and vomiting. 症状有腹泻和呕吐。
• Especially when I feel seasick, I can't stand watching someone else vomiting." 尤其晕船的时候，看不得人家呕。”

7 abdominal   

adj.腹（部）的，下腹的；n.腹肌

参考例句：

• The abdominal aorta is normally smaller than the thoracic aorta.腹主动脉一般比胸主动脉小。
• Abdominal tissues sometimes adhere after an operation.手术之后腹部有时会出现粘连。

8 cramps   

n. 抽筋, 腹部绞痛, 铁箍 adj. 狭窄的, 难解的 v. 使...抽筋, 以铁箍扣紧, 束缚

参考例句：

• If he cramps again let the line cut him off. 要是它再抽筋，就让这钓索把它勒断吧。
• "I have no cramps." he said. “我没抽筋，"他说。

9 fatigue   

n.疲劳，劳累

参考例句：

• The old lady can't bear the fatigue of a long journey.这位老妇人不能忍受长途旅行的疲劳。
• I have got over my weakness and fatigue.我已从虚弱和疲劳中恢复过来了。

10 thoroughly   

adv.完全地，彻底地，十足地

参考例句：

• The soil must be thoroughly turned over before planting.一定要先把土地深翻一遍再下种。
• The soldiers have been thoroughly instructed in the care of their weapons.士兵们都系统地接受过保护武器的训练。

11 antibiotics   

n.（用作复数）抗生素；（用作单数）抗生物质的研究；抗生素，抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
• The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。