2018年经济学人 美国贸易政策:出口“赢”进口“输”?(1)

 

Furthermore, Mr Trump¹ has yet to be tested by a crisis.

再者，特朗普尚未经受过一次危机的考验。

Level-headed generals may advise him, but he is the commander-in-chief, with a temperament² that alarms friend and foe³ alike.

头脑冷静的将军们可能会给他出谋划策。但是，他是三军总司令，一位性情让朋友和敌人都一样提心吊胆的三军总司令。

On trade, he remains⁴ wedded⁵ to a zero-sum view of the world, in which exporters “win” and importers “lose”. (Are the buyers of Ivanka Trump-branded clothes and handbags, which are made in Asia, losers? )

贸易方面，他仍旧固守着这个世界是出口“赢”、进口“输”的零和观点。（在亚洲生产的伊万卡品牌的服饰和手包的购买者是输家吗？）

Mr Trump has made clear that he favours bilateral⁶ deals over multilateral ones, because that way a big country like America can bully⁷ small ones into making concessions⁸.

特朗普已经表明，他偏爱双边协议甚于多边协议，因为这能让美国这样的大国欺凌小国，让他们作出让步。

The trouble with this approach is twofold.

这种策略的问题是双重的。

First, it is deeply unappealing to small countries, which by the way also have protectionist lobbies to overcome.

首先，它对也有保护主义说客需要摆平的小国特别没有吸引力。

Second, it would reproduce the insanely complicated mishmash of rules that the multilateral trade system was created to simplify and trim.

其次，它会重现多边贸易体系为了简化并理顺它们才被创造出来的复杂规则大杂烩。

The Trump team probably will not make a big push to disrupt global trade until tax reform has passed through Congress.

特朗普团队在税改通过国会之前可能不会大力推进摧毁全球贸易。

But when and if that happens, all bets are off—NAFTA is still in grave peril⁹.

但是，一旦这种事发生，赌注就全都作废了——NAFTA仍旧岌岌可危。

Perhaps the greatest damage that Mr Trump has done is to American soft power.

特朗普所造成的最大伤害，或许是美国的软实力。

He openly scorns the notion that America should stand up for universal values such as democracy and human rights.

他公开嘲讽美国应当为民主和人权等的普世价值观挺身而出的观念。

Not only does he admire dictators; he explicitly¹⁰ praises thuggishness, such as the mass murder of criminal suspects in the Philippines.

他不仅敬仰独裁者；还明确地褒奖杀戮，如发生在菲律宾的对疑犯的大规模屠杀。

He does so not out of diplomatic tact¹¹, but apparently¹² out of conviction.

他这样做不是出于外交策略，显然是出于某种信念。

This is new.

这是全新的。

1 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

2 temperament   

n.气质，性格，性情

参考例句：

• The analysis of what kind of temperament you possess is vital.分析一下你有什么样的气质是十分重要的。
• Success often depends on temperament.成功常常取决于一个人的性格。

3 foe   

n.敌人，仇敌

参考例句：

• He knew that Karl could be an implacable foe.他明白卡尔可能会成为他的死敌。
• A friend is a friend;a foe is a foe;one must be clearly distinguished from the other.敌是敌，友是友，必须分清界限。

4 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

5 wedded   

adj.正式结婚的；渴望…的，执著于…的v.嫁，娶，（与…）结婚( wed的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• She's wedded to her job. 她专心致志于工作。
• I was invited over by the newly wedded couple for a meal. 我被那对新婚夫妇请去吃饭。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 bilateral   

adj.双方的，两边的，两侧的

参考例句：

• They have been negotiating a bilateral trade deal.他们一直在商谈一项双边贸易协定。
• There was a wide gap between the views of the two statesmen on the bilateral cooperation.对双方合作的问题，两位政治家各自所持的看法差距甚大。

7 bully   

n.恃强欺弱者，小流氓；vt.威胁，欺侮

参考例句：

• A bully is always a coward.暴汉常是懦夫。
• The boy gave the bully a pelt on the back with a pebble.那男孩用石子掷击小流氓的背脊。

8 concessions   

n.（尤指由政府或雇主给予的）特许权( concession的名词复数 )；承认；减价；（在某地的）特许经营权

参考例句：

• The firm will be forced to make concessions if it wants to avoid a strike. 要想避免罢工，公司将不得不作出一些让步。
• The concessions did little to placate the students. 让步根本未能平息学生的愤怒。

9 peril   

n.(严重的)危险；危险的事物

参考例句：

• The refugees were in peril of death from hunger.难民有饿死的危险。
• The embankment is in great peril.河堤岌岌可危。

10 explicitly   

ad.明确地，显然地

参考例句：

• The plan does not explicitly endorse the private ownership of land. 该计划没有明确地支持土地私有制。
• SARA amended section 113 to provide explicitly for a right to contribution. 《最高基金修正与再授权法案》修正了第123条，清楚地规定了分配权。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

11 tact   

n.机敏，圆滑，得体

参考例句：

• She showed great tact in dealing with a tricky situation.她处理棘手的局面表现得十分老练。
• Tact is a valuable commodity.圆滑老练是很有用处的。

12 apparently   

adv.显然地；表面上，似乎

参考例句：

• An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽，豁然开朗。
• He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。