2018年经济学人 奥夫拉多尔当选墨西哥总统是福是祸?(1)

 

Andrés Manuel López Obrador

安德烈斯·曼努埃尔·洛佩斯·奥夫拉多尔

Mexico's answer to Donald Trump¹

墨西哥对唐纳德·特朗普的回应

There are many reasons to worry about Mexico's most likely next president

对于墨西哥最有可能当选下届总统的候选人，有许多值得担心的理由。

These days Mexicans agree on two things.

近期，墨西哥人在两件事上达成了一致。

Their football team's victory over Germanyon June 17th was magnificent.

第一件事是6月17日足球赛，墨西哥队大胜德国队对于墨西哥来说意义非凡。

And the elections on July 1st will be the most important in decades.

第二件事是7月1日的总统大选将是几十年里最重要的一次选举。

The front-runner for the presidency², Andrés Manuel López Obrador,

总统大选领跑者安德烈斯·曼努埃尔·洛佩斯·奥夫拉多尔，

leads a coalition³ called "Juntos haremos historia" ("Together we will make history").

领导着一个名为“Juntos haremos histora”(“我们将共同创造历史”)的联盟。

His opponents fear that he will achieve just that, in a bad way.

其反对者担心他会以一种不好的方式实现这个目标。

Mr López Obrador, who has run for the presidency twice before, has a folksy air of incorruptibility that enchants⁵ many Mexicans.

洛佩斯·奥夫拉多尔曾两次竞选总统，许多墨西哥人拜服于他平易近人、刚正廉洁的风采。

He promises a "radical⁶ revolution".

他承诺会发起一场“激进的革命”。

Some hear that as a threat.

有人将此视作威胁。

Mr López Obrador has at times opposed the measures earlier governments have taken to modernise⁷ the economy.

洛佩斯·奥夫拉多尔曾数次反对上届政府采取的经济现代化措施。

His critics liken him to Hugo Chávez, whose "Bolivarian revolution" has brought ruin to Venezuela.

他的批评者将他比作乌戈·查韦斯，乌戈·查韦斯的玻利瓦尔革命给委内瑞拉带来了毁灭。

The nationalist populism he offers is unlike anything Mexico has seen since the early 1980s.

但奥夫拉多尔提出的民族和民粹主义，墨西哥人自20世纪80年代早期起就闻所未闻。

And if the polls are right, he will win.

而如果民调正确，他将会当选。

With that, Latin America's second-biggest country will join a clutch of democracies where electorates⁸ have rebelled against the established order.

随之而来的是，拉丁美洲第二大国将加入民主国家团体，在这些国家中，选民背叛了既有的秩序。

What is about to happen in Mexico feels akin⁹ to the election of Donald Trump in America, Britain's vote to leave the European Union and Italy'sturn towards populism.

墨西哥将要发生的事，似乎会类似于特朗普在美国的选举、英国的脱欧投票和意大利向民粹主义的转向。

It may be repeated in Brazil, where the front-runner to win the presidency in October is Jair Bolsonaro,

同样的情形或会在巴西重现，巴西将在十月举行总统竞选，

who speaks viciously about gay people but warmly of military rule.

目前的领跑者雅伊尔·博尔索纳罗对同性恋恶言相向，但对军事统治却饱含热情。

The causes of popular anger vary.

引起民愤的原因各不相同。

In Latin America, as elsewhere, voters are furious at elites¹⁰ they regard as corrupt⁴, ineffectual and condescending¹¹.

在拉丁美洲，同其他地区一样，投票者认为精英为贪污腐败、低效无能、自视高人一等，对此满怀怒火。

Just as American populists decry¹² the "swamp" in Washington and Brazilians are aghast at the filth¹³ of their political class,

美国的民粹主义者抨击美国政府是“泥潭”，巴西人惊骇于政治阶层的污秽不堪，

Mr López Obrador fulminates against the "mafia of power" that he claims controls Mexico.

与此相似，洛佩斯·奥夫拉多尔强烈谴责“黑手党势力”，他声称“黑手党势力”要控制墨西哥。

1 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

2 presidency   

n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期)

参考例句：

• Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。

3 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

4 corrupt   

v.贿赂，收买；adj.腐败的，贪污的

参考例句：

• The newspaper alleged the mayor's corrupt practices.那家报纸断言市长有舞弊行为。
• This judge is corrupt.这个法官贪污。

5 enchants   

使欣喜，使心醉( enchant的第三人称单数 )； 用魔法迷惑

参考例句：

• Druid Bear Form's armor bonus does not include enchants or temporary buffs. 熊德护甲加成不包括附魔和增益效果。
• Enchant Bracer-Major Defense: Permanently enchants bracers to increase your defense by 8. 使一副护腕永久的获得防御技能+8的效果。

6 radical   

n.激进份子，原子团，根号；adj.根本的，激进的，彻底的

参考例句：

• The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在医院得到了根治。
• She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。

7 modernise   

vt.使现代化

参考例句：

• If it works,it would help to modernise the entire economy.这项（改革）一旦实施起效，将有助于整体经济的现代化进程。
• They attempted in vain to modernise these antiquated industries.他们企图使这些陈旧的工业现代化，结果劳而无功。

8 electorates   

全体选民( electorate的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The assembly's 15 seats have electorates as small as 190. 大会的15个议席只有很少的190选民参加。
• Restricting hedge funds is something they can sell to their electorates. 限制对冲基金是他们能够向选民兜售的东西。

9 akin   

adj.同族的，类似的

参考例句：

• She painted flowers and birds pictures akin to those of earlier feminine painters.她画一些同早期女画家类似的花鸟画。
• Listening to his life story is akin to reading a good adventure novel.听他的人生故事犹如阅读一本精彩的冒险小说。

10 elites   

精华( elite的名词复数 )； 精锐； 上层集团； （统称）掌权人物

参考例句：

• The elites are by their nature a factor contributing to underdevelopment. 这些上层人物天生是助长欠发达的因素。
• Elites always detest gifted and nimble outsiders. 社会名流对天赋聪明、多才多艺的局外人一向嫌恶。

11 condescending   

adj.谦逊的,故意屈尊的

参考例句：

• He has a condescending attitude towards women. 他对女性总是居高临下。
• He tends to adopt a condescending manner when talking to young women. 和年轻女子说话时，他喜欢摆出一副高高在上的姿态。

12 decry   

v.危难，谴责

参考例句：

• Some people will decry this,insisting that President Obama should have tried harder to gain bipartisan support.有些人会对此表示谴责，坚持说奥巴马总统原本应该更加努力获得两党的支持。
• Now you decry him as another Hitler because he is a threat to the controlling interest of oil in the middle east.现在你却因为他对中东石油控制权益构成了威胁而谴责他为另一个希特勒。

13 filth   

n.肮脏，污物，污秽；淫猥

参考例句：

• I don't know how you can read such filth.我不明白你怎么会去读这种淫秽下流的东西。
• The dialogue was all filth and innuendo.这段对话全是下流的言辞和影射。