2019年经济学人 一周要闻 “特金会”敲定越南举行 夏威夷设吸烟年龄100岁 英国引渡印度亿万富豪

 

For the ninth week, tens of thousands of protesters in Serbia called on Aleksandar Vucic to resign as president. He has offered to hold elections, but the demonstrators want a fairer election law and more media time for the opposition¹.

塞尔维亚成千上万的抗议者连续第九周要求总统亚历山大·武契奇辞职。总统提出要举行选举，但示威者要求出台更公平的选举法，并希望反对派拥有更多的媒体时间。

Keeping up the jaw-jaw

保持紧张状态

Donald Trump² confirmed that he would hold a second summit with Kim Jong Un, North Korea’s dictator, in Vietnam in late February. Mr Kim has done little to fulfil his pledge at the pair’s last meeting in Singapore to give up his nuclear weapons.

特朗普证实，他将于2月底在越南与朝鲜领导人金正恩举行第二次峰会。上次在新加坡举行的峰会上，金正恩承诺放弃核武器，但他几乎没有兑现这一承诺。

Indian officials resigned in protest at what they saw as the government’s attempts to suppress unflattering economic data. They say unemployment is at a 45-year high of 6.1%. The government says it is reviewing the data.

印度官员辞职，以抗议政府试图压制差强人意的经济数据。他们说失业率达到了6.1%，创45年新高。政府则表示正在审核数据。

The British government approved the extradition³ of Vijay Mallya to India, the next stage in a process that started in 2016 when the beer-and-travel tycoon⁴ fled to Britain to escape criminal charges related to the collapse⁵ of Kingfisher Airlines. Known as the “King of Good Times” both for what he sells and for how he lives, Mr Mallya denies the charges.

英国政府批准向印度引渡维贾伊·马尔雅，这场引渡始于2016年，当时这位啤酒和旅游大亨逃往英国，以逃避与翠鸟航空(Kingfisher Airlines)破产有关的刑事指控。因庞大产业和奢侈生活被誉为“美好时光之王”的马尔雅否认了这些指控。

A leader, but with little power

“无权”领袖

A dozen members of the eu, including Germany, France and Britain, recognised Juan Guaidó, the leader of Venezuela’s legislature, as the country’s interim⁶ president. They acted after Nicolás Maduro, who won a rigged election in May, failed to meet a deadline for calling a proper ballot⁷. Most Latin American democracies back Mr Guaidó. (Venezuela’s constitution makes him interim president if the post is not legitimately⁸ filled.) Venezuela’s army moved to block the delivery of food aid, which might fill empty bellies⁹ but would also embarrass the regime.

包括德国、法国和英国在内的十几个欧盟成员国承认委内瑞拉立法机构领导人胡安·瓜伊多(Juan Guaido)为该国的临时总统。今年5月，尼古拉斯·马杜罗(Nicolas Maduro)在一场受到操纵的选举中获胜，但却没能遭规定的最后期限内进行适当的投票。大多数拉美民主国家支持瓜伊多。(委内瑞拉宪法规定，如果总统一职空缺，临时总统可代行其职。)委内瑞拉军队采取行动阻止粮食援助的运送，粮食援助也许能填饱肚子，但也会让政权难堪。

Brazil’s justice minister, presented a plan to get tougher on criminals and go easier on cops. Police who kill in the line of duty may escape punishment if they acted out of “fear, surprise or violent emotion”. A judge convicted Brazil’s former president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, who is already serving a 12-year sentence for corruption¹⁰, on an additional corruption charge and added a sentence of nearly 13 years.

巴西司法部长提出一项计划，对罪犯采取更严厉的措施，对警察采取更宽松的措施。警察在执行公务时如果因“恐惧、惊讶或暴力情绪”造成过失杀人，可逃脱惩罚。巴西前总统路易斯·伊纳西奥·卢拉·达席尔瓦因腐败罪被判处12年有期徒刑，一名法官以额外的腐败罪名判其有罪，将其刑期增加至近13年。

Nayib Bukele won El Salvador’s presidential election. His victory ends three decades of power alternating between the left-wing FMLN and right-wing Arena¹¹ parties. Mr Bukele, who is 37, has promised to fight corruption and to prevent violence by creating jobs. He also favours nicer public parks.

纳伊布-布克莱（Nayib Bukele）赢得萨尔瓦多总统选举。他的胜利结束了左翼马蒂民族解放阵线和右翼国家共和联盟党三十年来交替执政的局面。37岁的布克莱承诺将通过创造就业机会来打击腐败和防止暴力。此外，他还支持改善公园等基础设施。

Ashes to ashes

尘归尘，土归土

A bill was proposed in Hawaii to raise the legal smoking age to 100. After that Hawaiians would be free to light up.

夏威夷提出一项法案，将法定吸烟年龄逐步提高至100岁。在那之后，夏威夷人就可以自由地点上一支烟了。

1 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

2 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

3 extradition   

n.引渡（逃犯）

参考例句：

• The smuggler is in prison tonight,awaiting extradition to Britain.这名走私犯今晚在监狱，等待引渡到英国。
• He began to trouble concerning the extradition laws.他开始费尽心思地去想关于引渡法的问题。

4 tycoon   

n.有钱有势的企业家，大亨

参考例句：

• The tycoon is on the verge of bankruptcy.那名大亨濒临破产的边缘。
• The tycoon has many servants to minister to his needs.那位大亨有很多人服侍他。

5 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

6 interim   

adj.暂时的，临时的；n.间歇，过渡期间

参考例句：

• The government is taking interim measures to help those in immediate need.政府正在采取临时措施帮助那些有立即需要的人。
• It may turn out to be an interim technology.这可能只是个过渡技术。

7 ballot   

n.（不记名）投票，投票总数，投票权；vi.投票

参考例句：

• The members have demanded a ballot.会员们要求投票表决。
• The union said they will ballot members on whether to strike.工会称他们将要求会员投票表决是否罢工。

8 legitimately   

ad.合法地；正当地，合理地

参考例句：

• The radio is legitimately owned by the company. 该电台为这家公司所合法拥有。
• She looked for nothing save what might come legitimately and without the appearance of special favour. 她要的并不是男人们的额外恩赐，而是合法正当地得到的工作。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹

9 bellies   

n.肚子( belly的名词复数 )；腹部；（物体的）圆形或凸起部份；腹部…形的

参考例句：

• They crawled along on their bellies. 他们匍匐前进。
• starving children with huge distended bellies 鼓着浮肿肚子的挨饿儿童

10 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

11 arena   

n.竞技场，运动场所；竞争场所，舞台

参考例句：

• She entered the political arena at the age of 25. 她25岁进入政界。
• He had not an adequate arena for the exercise of his talents.他没有充分发挥其才能的场所。