2019年经济学人 一周要闻 英国3月制造业PMI攀升 富国银行CEO突然辞职 汉堡王新推“无肉汉堡”

 

Carlos Ghosn announced a forthcoming press conference “to tell the truth”, presumably about the charges he faces for financial misconduct at Nissan. He was rearrested soon after in Tokyo on a new indictment¹ and is expected to spend at least three weeks in jail. Mr Ghosn described this latest move by prosecutors² as “outrageous and arbitrary”.

卡洛斯·戈恩(Carlos Ghosn)宣布即将召开一场新闻发布会，“吐露真相”，可能是关于其在日产汽车(Nissan)面临的财务不当行为的指控。不久之后，他因一项新指控再次被东京方面逮捕，并将面临至少三周的监禁。戈恩称，检察官的这一最新举动“令人愤慨、独断专行”。

Wells Fargo started the search for a new chief executive, after the abrupt³ resignation of Tim Sloan. Mr Sloan gave what many considered to be a poor performance in front of a congressional panel recently, when he was hauled in to explain what was described as a “pattern of consumer abuses” at the bank. Wells Fargo wants to replace him with someone from outside the firm.

在蒂姆·斯隆(Tim Sloan)突然辞职后，富国银行(Wells Fargo)开始物色新的首席执行官。最近在一个国会小组面前，斯隆糟糕的表现让很多人大失所望，当时他被要求解释该行被曝光的“滥用消费者的模式”。富国银行打算聘请外部人员接替他的职位。

The IHS Markit British manufacturing index for March recorded by far the biggest jump in firms’ inventories⁴ over the survey’s 27 years, as companies stockpiled goods and components⁵ ahead of Brexit.

IHS Markit英国3月制造业指数创下该调查27年来企业库存增幅最大的纪录，因企业在英国脱欧前囤积了大量商品和零部件。

India’s Supreme⁶ Court ruled that the Reserve Bank of India had overstepped its mark when directing banks to declare a default when a company defers⁷ loan payments, and force the company into bankruptcy⁸ if it does not resolve its debt position within 180 days. The court found that the central bank could intervene on individual corporate⁹ defaults but could not undertake such a sweeping¹⁰ action. It is a big blow to the rbi’s effort to rein¹¹ in India’s corporate debt.

印度最高法院裁定，印度储备银行在指示银行在一家公司推迟偿还贷款时宣布违约，以及如果该公司在180天内未解决债务状况，将迫使该公司破产，这一做法已经越界。法院裁定，央行可以干预个别企业违约事宜，但不可采取如此彻底的措施。这对印度央行控制企业债务的努力是一个重大的打击。

This year’s flavour

新潮流 新风向

Burger King started selling a plant-based version of the Whopper. The veggie burger, being rolled out at its stores in St Louis, is made by Impossible Foods, a Silicon¹² Valley startup that is at the forefront of the flowering plant-based foods industry. The Impossible Whopper imitates the taste of meat by using heme, an iron-rich protein, extracted from soyabean roots and mixed with other vegetable ingredients.

汉堡王开始销售植物肉的巨无霸汉堡。这款素食汉堡由硅谷初创企业Impossible Foods生产，目前正在圣路易斯的门店中推出。Impossible Foods处于风头正盛的植物食品行业的前沿。该公司的“巨无霸”通过使用从大豆根中提取富含铁的蛋白质血红素并与其他蔬菜成分混合来模仿肉类的味道。

Global recorded-music sales grew by nearly 10% last year, according to the International Federation¹³ of the Phonographic Industry. Although revenues from digital downloads have fallen even faster than those from physical forms of music, such as vinyl albums, over the past five years, streamed music has surged. Nearly half of global sales now come from streaming, reversing an industry decline since 2001 that hit a trough in 2014. Music sales are still performing worse, however, than in the early noughties. The top three global music acts last year were Drake, bts (a South Korean boy band) and Ed Sheeran. Queen were the sixth-bestselling act, boosted by the film “Bohemian Rhapsody”.

据国际唱片业联合会的数据显示，去年全球唱片销量增长了近10%。尽管在过去五年中，数字下载收入的下降速度甚至比黑胶唱片等实体音乐形式的收入下降速度还要快，但流媒体音乐的收入却出现了飙升。目前，全球近半的销量来自流媒体业务，扭转了自2001年以来的行业下滑的趋势。自2001年以来，流媒体在2014年遭遇低谷。然而，与本世纪头十年相比，音乐销量的表现仍然很糟糕。去年全球排名前三的艺人分别是德雷克(Drake)、防弹少年团(韩国男子组合)和艾德·希兰(Ed Sheeran)。受电影《波希米亚狂想曲》的影响，皇后乐队在最畅销艺人榜单排名第六。

1 indictment   

n.起诉；诉状

参考例句：

• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。
• They issued an indictment against them.他们起诉了他们。

2 prosecutors   

检举人( prosecutor的名词复数 )； 告发人； 起诉人； 公诉人

参考例句：

• In some places,public prosecutors are elected rather than appointed. 在有些地方，检察官是经选举而非任命产生的。 来自口语例句
• You've been summoned to the Prosecutors' Office, 2 days later. 你在两天以后被宣到了检察官的办公室。

3 abrupt   

adj.突然的，意外的；唐突的，鲁莽的

参考例句：

• The river takes an abrupt bend to the west.这河突然向西转弯。
• His abrupt reply hurt our feelings.他粗鲁的回答伤了我们的感情。

4 inventories   

n.总结( inventory的名词复数 )；细账；存货清单（或财产目录）的编制

参考例句：

• In other cases, such as inventories, inputs and outputs are both continuous. 在另一些情况下，比如存货，其投入和产出都是持续不断的。
• The store must clear its winter inventories by April 1st. 该店必须在4月1日前售清冬季存货。

5 components   

（机器、设备等的）构成要素，零件，成分； 成分( component的名词复数 )； [物理化学]组分； [数学]分量； （混合物的）组成部分

参考例句：

• the components of a machine 机器部件
• Our chemistry teacher often reduces a compound to its components in lab. 在实验室中化学老师常把化合物分解为各种成分。

6 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

7 defers   

v.拖延，延缓，推迟( defer的第三人称单数 )；服从某人的意愿，遵从

参考例句：

• She never defers to her parents' opinions. 她从来不听从父母的意见。 来自辞典例句
• Even in Iraq, America defers to the elected government. 即使在伊拉克，美国也要遵从他的民选政府。 来自互联网

8 bankruptcy   

n.破产；无偿付能力

参考例句：

• You will have to pull in if you want to escape bankruptcy.如果你想避免破产，就必须节省开支。
• His firm is just on thin ice of bankruptcy.他的商号正面临破产的危险。

9 corporate   

adj.共同的，全体的；公司的，企业的

参考例句：

• This is our corporate responsibility.这是我们共同的责任。
• His corporate's life will be as short as a rabbit's tail.他的公司的寿命是兔子尾巴长不了。

10 sweeping   

adj.范围广大的，一扫无遗的

参考例句：

• The citizens voted for sweeping reforms.公民投票支持全面的改革。
• Can you hear the wind sweeping through the branches?你能听到风掠过树枝的声音吗？

11 rein   

n.疆绳，统治，支配；vt.以僵绳控制，统治

参考例句：

• The horse answered to the slightest pull on the rein.只要缰绳轻轻一拉,马就作出反应。
• He never drew rein for a moment till he reached the river.他一刻不停地一直跑到河边。

12 silicon   

n.硅(旧名矽)

参考例句：

• This company pioneered the use of silicon chip.这家公司开创了使用硅片的方法。
• A chip is a piece of silicon about the size of a postage stamp.芯片就是一枚邮票大小的硅片。

13 federation   

n.同盟，联邦，联合，联盟，联合会

参考例句：

• It is a federation of 10 regional unions.它是由十个地方工会结合成的联合会。
• Mr.Putin was inaugurated as the President of the Russian Federation.普京正式就任俄罗斯联邦总统。