2019年经济学人 一周要闻 拜登参加2020总统大选 英防长因"华为泄密"被炒 马克龙减税安抚"黄背心"

 

The Indonesian government declared its intention to move its capital. Jakarta, with a population of 30m, is congested and polluted. Although a new location has not yet been chosen, Palangkaraya, a city of 260,000 in the Indonesian part of Borneo, is being considered.

印尼政府宣布打算迁都。拥有3000万人口的雅加达拥挤不堪，污染严重。虽然新址尚未选定，不过政府正在考虑加里曼丹省拥有26万人口的帕朗卡拉亚市。

Riots engulfed¹ Honiara, the capital of the Solomon Islands, after parliament picked Manasseh Sogavare to serve a fourth non-consecutive term as prime minister. An opponent had secured a court order delaying the vote, but the governor-general ignored it.

在议会选举玛拿西·索加瓦雷第四次担任总理后，骚乱席卷了所罗门群岛首都霍尼亚拉。一位反对者获得了推迟投票的法院命令，但总督不予理睬。

William Barr, America’s attorney-general, was grilled² in Congress over his handling of the publication of the Mueller report. Mr Barr issued a summary of the report before its full publication, but two letters emerged this week from Robert Mueller criticising that summary for its lack of context.

美国司法部长威廉·巴尔(William Barr)因其对穆勒报告的处理方式在国会受到严厉质询。巴尔在整篇报告发布前发表了一份摘要，但罗伯特·穆勒(Robert Mueller)本周发表了两封信，批评这份摘要缺乏背景。

A gunman opened fire at a synagogue near San Diego, killing³ a woman. The 19-year-old suspect had posted an anti-Semitic diatribe⁴ online shortly beforehand. The Anti-Defamation League recorded a big increase in the harassment⁵ of, and assaults on, Jews in America last year.

一名枪手在圣地亚哥附近的犹太教堂开枪，杀死一名女性。这名19岁的嫌疑人不久前在网上发布了反犹太的谩骂言论。反诽谤联盟记录显示，去年美国对犹太人的骚扰和攻击大幅增加。

Joe Biden said he would seek the Democratic nomination⁶ for president of the United States. He went to Pennsylvania, where he touted⁷ his working-class credentials⁸ and played down the kind of identity politics that his rivals espouse⁹. The 76-year-old former vice-president is leading the polls at this early stage.

乔·拜登表示，他将寻求民主党总统候选人提名。他前往宾夕法尼亚州，在那里他凸显自身的工人阶级资历，并淡化了竞争对手宣扬的身份政治。目前，这位76岁的前副总统在民调中领先。

A court ruled that Michigan’s congressional districts had been drawn¹⁰ by the state legislature to favour Republicans and ordered that they be redrawn in time for the 2020 election. Several courts have ruled that partisan¹¹ gerrymandering can be unconstitutional.

一家法院裁定，密歇根州的国会选区是由州立法机构为支持共和党人而划定的，并下令在2020年大选前重新划分选区。几家法院裁定，党派间的不公正划分选区可能违反宪法。

Spain’s ruling Socialist¹² Party won the most seats in a general election, though it is still well short of a majority. Pedro Sánchez, the prime minister, may try to continue in office as head of a minority government, or cobble together a coalition¹³. There are obstacles to reaching a deal with either Podemos or Ciudadanos, two possible partners. Vox, a nationalist party, entered parliament for the first time.

西班牙执政党社会主义党在大选中领先，但仍远未获得多数席位。西班牙总理佩德罗·桑切斯(Pedro Sanchez)可能会继续担任少数党政府的首脑，或者组建一个联合政府。与“Podemos”（我们可以党）或“Ciudadanos”（公民党）这两个可能的合作伙伴达成协议存在障碍。民族主义政党Vox首次进入议会。

The president of France, Emmanuel Macron, made new promises after long talks with voters. They included tax cuts, tax exemptions¹⁴ for bonuses and a commitment to close the elite¹⁵ civil-service college, ENA. The gilets jaunes protesters seemed unmollified. More than 200 arrests were made in Paris during riots on May Day.

法国总统马克龙在与选民进行了长时间的会谈后做出新的承诺。其中包括减税、免税津贴以及关闭国家行政学院学院ENA的承诺。黄背心的抗议者们似乎还没有平静下来。在“劳动节”骚乱期间，巴黎有200多人被逮捕。

Julian Assange was sentenced by a British court to 50 weeks in prison for jumping bail¹⁶ in 2012, when he took refuge in the Ecuadorean embassy in London. Mr Assange still faces extradition¹⁷ to America, where he has been charged in relation to the leak of a trove¹⁸ of classified documents by WikiLeaks, which he founded.

2012年，朱利安·阿桑奇(Julian Assange)因在保释期逃脱被英国一家法院判处50周监禁，当时他逃至厄瓜多尔驻伦敦大使馆避难。阿桑奇仍面临被引渡到美国的风险，美国方面指控他与其创建的维基解密泄露大量机密文件有关。

Gavin Williamson was sacked as Britain’s defence secretary for leaking information from a national-security meeting that had discussed allowing Huawei to build 5G networks. Theresa May, the prime minister, dismissed him after a speedy inquiry¹⁹. Mr Williamson denies the allegation and complains of a “kangaroo court”. The new defence secretary is Penny Mordaunt, who wrongly claimed during the Brexit campaign that as an eu member Britain would have no veto if Turkey tried to join the European Union.

英国国防大臣加文·威廉姆森(Gavin Williamson)因泄露国家安全会议的信息被解职，该会议曾讨论允许华为建设5G网络。经过快速调查，英国首相特蕾莎·梅(Theresa May)解雇了他。但威廉姆森否认了“袋鼠法庭”的指控和申诉。新任国防部长佩妮·莫道特曾在英国脱欧运动中有争议地宣称，如果土耳其加入欧盟，英国作为欧盟成员国没有否决权。

1 engulfed   

v.吞没，包住( engulf的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He was engulfed by a crowd of reporters. 他被一群记者团团围住。
• The little boat was engulfed by the waves. 小船被波浪吞没了。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 grilled   

adj. 烤的, 炙过的, 有格子的 动词grill的过去式和过去分词形式

参考例句：

• He was grilled for two hours before the police let him go. 他被严厉盘查了两个小时后，警察才放他走。
• He was grilled until he confessed. 他被严加拷问，直到他承认为止。

3 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

4 diatribe   

n.抨击，抨击性演说

参考例句：

• He launched a diatribe against the younger generation.他对年轻一代发起了长篇抨击。
• The book is a diatribe against the academic left.这本书对学术左派进行了长时间的谩骂。

5 harassment   

n.骚扰，扰乱，烦恼，烦乱

参考例句：

• She often got telephone harassment at night these days.这些天她经常在夜晚受到电话骚扰。
• The company prohibits any form of harassment.公司禁止任何形式的骚扰行为。

6 nomination   

n.提名，任命，提名权

参考例句：

• John is favourite to get the nomination for club president.约翰最有希望被提名为俱乐部主席。
• Few people pronounced for his nomination.很少人表示赞成他的提名。

7 touted   

v.兜售( tout的过去式和过去分词 )；招揽；侦查；探听赛马情报

参考例句：

• She's being touted as the next leader of the party. 她被吹捧为该党的下一任领导人。
• People said that he touted for his mother and sister. 据说，他给母亲和姐姐拉生意。 来自辞典例句

8 credentials   

n.证明，资格，证明书，证件

参考例句：

• He has long credentials of diplomatic service.他的外交工作资历很深。
• Both candidates for the job have excellent credentials.此项工作的两个求职者都非常符合资格。

9 espouse   

v.支持，赞成，嫁娶

参考例句：

• Today,astronomers espouse the theory that comets spawn the swarms.如今，天文学家们支持彗星产生了流星团的说法。
• Some teachers enthusiastically espouse the benefits to be gained from educational software.有些教师热烈赞同可以从教学软件中得到好处的观点。

10 drawn   

v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的

参考例句：

• All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。
• Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。

11 partisan   

adj.党派性的；游击队的；n.游击队员；党徒

参考例句：

• In their anger they forget all the partisan quarrels.愤怒之中，他们忘掉一切党派之争。
• The numerous newly created partisan detachments began working slowly towards that region.许多新建的游击队都开始慢慢地向那里移动。

12 socialist   

n.社会主义者；adj.社会主义的

参考例句：

• China is a socialist country,and a developing country as well.中国是一个社会主义国家，也是一个发展中国家。
• His father was an ardent socialist.他父亲是一个热情的社会主义者。

13 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

14 exemptions   

n.（义务等的）免除( exemption的名词复数 )；免（税）；（收入中的）免税额

参考例句：

• The exemptions for interpretive rules, policy statements, and procedural rules have just been discussed. 有关解释性规则、政策说明和程序规则的免责我们刚刚讨论过。 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法
• A: The regulation outlines specific exemptions for some WPM. 答：该规定概述了某些木质包装材料的特定的例外情形。 来自互联网

15 elite   

n.精英阶层；实力集团；adj.杰出的，卓越的

参考例句：

• The power elite inside the government is controlling foreign policy.政府内部的一群握有实权的精英控制着对外政策。
• We have a political elite in this country.我们国家有一群政治精英。

16 bail   

v.舀（水），保释；n.保证金，保释，保释人

参考例句：

• One of the prisoner's friends offered to bail him out.犯人的一个朋友答应保释他出来。
• She has been granted conditional bail.她被准予有条件保释。

17 extradition   

n.引渡（逃犯）

参考例句：

• The smuggler is in prison tonight,awaiting extradition to Britain.这名走私犯今晚在监狱，等待引渡到英国。
• He began to trouble concerning the extradition laws.他开始费尽心思地去想关于引渡法的问题。

18 trove   

n.被发现的东西，收藏的东西

参考例句：

• He assembled a rich trove of Chinese porcelain.他收集了一批中国瓷器。
• The gallery is a treasure trove of medieval art.这个画廊是中世纪艺术的宝库。

19 inquiry   

n.打听，询问，调查，查问

参考例句：

• Many parents have been pressing for an inquiry into the problem.许多家长迫切要求调查这个问题。
• The field of inquiry has narrowed down to five persons.调查的范围已经缩小到只剩5个人了。