2019年经济学人 一周要闻 习近平:文明无优劣之分 梅首相濒临垮台 朝鲜要求美国归还船只

 

Guatemala’s constitutional court ruled that Zury Ríos, the daughter of a former dictator, could not stand in June’s presidential election, in which she is a leading candidate. The court found that relatives of coup¹ leaders are barred from the presidency². Efraín Ríos Montt took power for 18 months in the early 1980s in a coup. He died last year during a retrial of his quashed conviction for genocide.

危地马拉宪法法院裁定前独裁者的女儿里奥斯Zury Rios不能参加6月份的总统选举，她是领先的总统大选候选人。法院裁定，政变领导人的亲属被禁止参选总统。上世纪80年代初，埃弗拉因·里奥斯·蒙特(Efrain Rios Montt)在政变中掌权18个月。去年，他在其种族灭绝罪重审期间去世。

In Britain Theresa May was facing a humiliating defeat at the European Parliament elections. Ahead of the vote on May 23rd the new Brexit Party has sapped so much support from her Conservative Party that the Greens briefly³ polled higher, pushing the Tories into fifth place. The prime minister remains⁴ defiant⁵, announcing that she will attempt for a fourth time to get her Brexit deal passed by the House of Commons in early June.

在英国，特蕾莎·梅在欧洲议会选举中遭遇耻辱性的失败。在5月23日的投票之前，新兴的脱欧党大幅削弱了梅所在保守党的支持率，导致绿党的支持率一度上升，保守党跌至第五位。梅首相仍不甘放弃，宣布将于6月初第四次尝试让其脱欧协议在下议院获得通过。

Sweden reopened a rape⁶ case against Julian Assange, who is currently in prison in Britain for evading⁷ bail⁸. If the investigation⁹ ends with a request for extradition¹⁰, Britain will have to decide whether to send him to Sweden or to America, which also wants to try him, for allegedly helping¹¹ to hack¹² classified documents.

瑞典重新审理朱利安·阿桑奇(Julian Assange)强奸一案，目前阿桑奇因保释期间逃跑在英国监狱服刑。如果调查以引渡请求结束，英国将不得不决定将他引渡到瑞典还是美国的问题。美国也希望对他进行审判，理由是涉嫌协助窃取机密文件。

The European Commission warned Romania to change new rules that will give the government more power over the judiciary and will shorten the statute¹³ of limitations for corruption¹⁴ charges. If it does not, it could face disciplinary action similar to that dished out to Poland. Awkwardly, Romania currently holds the rotating presidency of the EU.

欧盟委员会警告罗马尼亚修改新规，新规赋予政府更多司法权力，并缩短腐败指控的诉讼时效。如果一意孤行，罗马尼亚将面临与波兰类似的纪律处分。令人尴尬的是，罗马尼亚现担任欧盟轮值主席国。

Rodrigo on a roll

杜特尔特势如破竹

Candidates backed by Rodrigo Duterte, the president of the Philippines, won nine of the 12 seats up for grabs in the Senate in mid-term elections, as well as a strong majority in the House of Representatives. The results should give fresh impetus¹⁵ to Mr Duterte’s plans to overhaul¹⁶ corporate¹⁷ taxes and amend¹⁸ the constitution to institute a federal form of government.

菲律宾总统罗德里戈·杜特尔特支持的候选人在中期选举中赢得了参议院12个席位中的9个席位，以及众议院的多数席位。这些结果应该会为杜特尔特改革企业税收、修改宪法以建立联邦政府的计划提供新的动力。

Sri Lanka imposed a curfew after mobs began attacking mosques¹⁹ and Muslim-owned businesses. The attacks are in retaliation²⁰ for the bombing of several churches and hotels at Easter by Muslim extremists.

在暴徒袭击清真寺和穆斯林拥有的企业后，斯里兰卡实施了宵禁。这些袭击是对穆斯林极端分子在复活节炸毁几座教堂和酒店的报复。

North Korea demanded the immediate²¹ return of a ship America had seized on suspicion of violating un sanctions. America said the ship was being used to export coal illicitly²². The North denounced the seizure²³ as “gangster-like”. Relations between the two countries have deteriorated²⁴ recently as disarmament negotiations²⁵ have stalled.

朝鲜要求美国立即归还一艘因涉嫌违反联合国制裁被扣押的船只。美国表示，这艘船被用于非法出口煤炭。朝鲜谴责此次扣押是“强盗行为”。由于核谈判陷入僵局，两国关系最近恶化。

China’s president, Xi Jinping, said it would be “foolish” to regard one’s own civilisation²⁶ as superior and “disastrous” to attempt to remould another. His remarks appeared to be directed at America. Two weeks earlier a State Department official, referring to China, said America was involved in “a fight with a really different civilisation” and for the first time was facing a “great power competitor that is not Caucasian”.

中国国家主席习近平表示，认为自己的文明高人一等，在认识上是愚蠢的，执意改造甚至取代其他文明，在做法上是灾难性的。主席的这番话似乎意有所指。两周前，美国国务院一官员在提到中国时表示，美国卷入了一场“与真正不同的文明社会较量”，并面临有史以来“最强大的非白人竞争对手”。

1 coup   

n.政变；突然而成功的行动

参考例句：

• The monarch was ousted by a military coup.那君主被军事政变者废黜了。
• That government was overthrown in a military coup three years ago.那个政府在3年前的军事政变中被推翻。

2 presidency   

n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期)

参考例句：

• Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。

3 briefly   

adv.简单地，简短地

参考例句：

• I want to touch briefly on another aspect of the problem.我想简单地谈一下这个问题的另一方面。
• He was kidnapped and briefly detained by a terrorist group.他被一个恐怖组织绑架并短暂拘禁。

4 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

5 defiant   

adj.无礼的，挑战的

参考例句：

• With a last defiant gesture,they sang a revolutionary song as they were led away to prison.他们被带走投入监狱时，仍以最后的反抗姿态唱起了一支革命歌曲。
• He assumed a defiant attitude toward his employer.他对雇主采取挑衅的态度。

6 rape   

n.抢夺，掠夺，强奸；vt.掠夺，抢夺，强奸

参考例句：

• The rape of the countryside had a profound ravage on them.对乡村的掠夺给他们造成严重创伤。
• He was brought to court and charged with rape.他被带到法庭并被指控犯有强奸罪。

7 evading   

逃避( evade的现在分词 )； 避开； 回避； 想不出

参考例句：

• Segmentation of a project is one means of evading NEPA. 把某一工程进行分割，是回避《国家环境政策法》的一种手段。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
• Too many companies, she says, are evading the issue. 她说太多公司都在回避这个问题。

8 bail   

v.舀（水），保释；n.保证金，保释，保释人

参考例句：

• One of the prisoner's friends offered to bail him out.犯人的一个朋友答应保释他出来。
• She has been granted conditional bail.她被准予有条件保释。

9 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

10 extradition   

n.引渡（逃犯）

参考例句：

• The smuggler is in prison tonight,awaiting extradition to Britain.这名走私犯今晚在监狱，等待引渡到英国。
• He began to trouble concerning the extradition laws.他开始费尽心思地去想关于引渡法的问题。

11 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

12 hack   

n.劈，砍，出租马车；v.劈，砍，干咳

参考例句：

• He made a hack at the log.他朝圆木上砍了一下。
• Early settlers had to hack out a clearing in the forest where they could grow crops.早期移民不得不在森林里劈出空地种庄稼。

13 statute   

n.成文法，法令，法规；章程，规则，条例

参考例句：

• Protection for the consumer is laid down by statute.保障消费者利益已在法令里作了规定。
• The next section will consider this environmental statute in detail.下一部分将详细论述环境法令的问题。

14 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

15 impetus   

n.推动，促进，刺激；推动力

参考例句：

• This is the primary impetus behind the economic recovery.这是促使经济复苏的主要动力。
• Her speech gave an impetus to my ideas.她的讲话激发了我的思绪。

16 overhaul   

v./n.大修，仔细检查

参考例句：

• Master Worker Wang is responsible for the overhaul of this grinder.王师傅主修这台磨床。
• It is generally appreciated that the rail network needs a complete overhaul.众所周知，铁路系统需要大检修。

17 corporate   

adj.共同的，全体的；公司的，企业的

参考例句：

• This is our corporate responsibility.这是我们共同的责任。
• His corporate's life will be as short as a rabbit's tail.他的公司的寿命是兔子尾巴长不了。

18 amend   

vt.修改，修订，改进；n.[pl.]赔罪，赔偿

参考例句：

• The teacher advised him to amend his way of living.老师劝他改变生活方式。
• You must amend your pronunciation.你必须改正你的发音。

19 mosques   

清真寺； 伊斯兰教寺院，清真寺； 清真寺，伊斯兰教寺院( mosque的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Why make us believe that this tunnel runs underneath the mosques? 为什么要让我们相信这条隧洞是在清真寺下？
• The city's three biggest mosques, long fallen into disrepair, have been renovated. 城里最大的三座清真寺，过去年久失修，现在已经修复。

20 retaliation   

n.报复，反击

参考例句：

• retaliation against UN workers 对联合国工作人员的报复
• He never said a single word in retaliation. 他从未说过一句反击的话。 来自《简明英汉词典》

21 immediate   

adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的

参考例句：

• His immediate neighbours felt it their duty to call.他的近邻认为他们有责任去拜访。
• We declared ourselves for the immediate convocation of the meeting.我们主张立即召开这个会议。

22 illicitly   

违法地，不正地

参考例句：

• That substance illicitly to fool quality-inspection testers because it can mimic the properties of protein. 乳制品之所以添加三聚氰胺是因为它可以虚增蛋白质含量、在质量测试中蒙混过关。
• Western governments international bodies should police Gaza's borders and crossing-points to stop weapons illicitly coming in. 西方政府和国际组织应该巡查加沙边界和交叉区域，阻止武器的非法流入。

23 seizure   

n.没收；占有；抵押

参考例句：

• The seizure of contraband is made by customs.那些走私品是被海关没收的。
• The courts ordered the seizure of all her property.法院下令查封她所有的财产。

24 deteriorated   

恶化，变坏( deteriorate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Her health deteriorated rapidly, and she died shortly afterwards. 她的健康状况急剧恶化，不久便去世了。
• His condition steadily deteriorated. 他的病情恶化，日甚一日。

25 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

26 civilisation   

n.文明，文化，开化，教化

参考例句：

• Energy and ideas are the twin bases of our civilisation.能源和思想是我们文明的两大基石。
• This opera is one of the cultural totems of Western civilisation.这部歌剧是西方文明的文化标志物之一。