2019年经济学人 一周要闻 美国发起“护航联盟”特朗普撤回提名 莫斯科发生抗议活动

 

America’s immigration agency arrested 680 illegal migrant workers at seven factories in Mississippi. Some were released and told to appear at an immigration court; others were sent to a detention¹ centre in Louisiana. The operation, said to be the biggest of its kind in a single state, had been planned for months.

美国移民机构在密西西比州的7家工厂逮捕了680名非法移民工人。一些人获释，并被告知需在移民法庭出庭;其他人则被送往路易斯安那州的拘留中心。据称，这是该州规模最大的一次行动，这次行动已经计划了数月。

Donald Trump² withdrew his pick of John Ratcliffe as the new director of national intelligence, just days after putting his name forward. Many had criticised the selection, as Mr Ratcliffe’s only credentials³ seemed to be a staunch defence of Mr Trump at a recent congressional hearing on the Mueller report.

特朗普提名约翰·拉特克利夫(John Ratcliffe)担任国家情报总监，数日后撤回了这一提名。许多人批评了这一提名，因为拉特克利夫唯一的资历似乎是在最近就穆勒报告举行的国会听证会上坚定地为特朗普辩护。

Puerto Rico’s Supreme⁴ Court ruled that the appointment of a new governor by Ricardo Rosselló, who was forced from office by street protests, was unconstitutional and he would have to step down. The court sided with the territory’s Senate, which had not been given a vote on the appointment. After the court’s decision Wanda Vázquez was sworn in as governor, though she had said she didn’t want the job.

波多黎各最高法院裁定，因街头抗议而被迫下台的里卡多·罗塞略任命的新总督违宪，他将不得不辞职。法院与参议院同一阵线，参议院尚未就任命进行投票。法院做出决定后，旺达·巴斯克斯宣誓就任州长，尽管她曾表示不想就任这一职位。

Tributes were paid to Toni Morrison, the only black woman to have won the Nobel prize for literature, who died aged⁵ 88. Ms Morrison’s work was based on narratives⁶ about race and slavery.

人们向托尼·莫里森致敬，她是唯一一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的黑人女性，享年88岁。莫里森的作品主要讲述的是种族和奴隶制。

A car-bomb in central Cairo killed 20 people. Egypt’s government blamed a violent offshoot of the Muslim Brotherhood⁷ for the blast.

开罗市中心发生汽车炸弹袭击，造成20人死亡。埃及政府将爆炸归咎于穆斯林兄弟会的一个暴力分支。

Britain joined an American-led initiative to provide naval⁸ protection to ships travelling through the Strait of Hormuz amid heightened tensions with Iran. In July Iran seized a British-flagged oil tanker⁹.

英国加入了一项由美国牵头的倡议，在与伊朗紧张局势加剧的情况下，为经过霍尔木兹海峡的船只提供海军保护。7月份，伊朗扣押了一艘悬挂英国国旗的油轮。

Mozambique’s president signed a peace agreement with the leader of Renamo, a rebel movement. Renamo said it will disarm¹⁰ some 5,000 fighters and peacefully contest elections scheduled to be held in October. It waged a guerrilla war from 1977 to 1992 before laying down its guns, but took up arms again in 2012.

莫桑比克总统与反对党莫桑比克全国抵抗运动（Renamo）的领导人签署了和平协议。Renamo方面表示，将解除约5000名士兵的武装，和平地参加将于10月份举行的选举。1977年至1992年，该反对党发起了游击战，之后放下了武器，但在2012年又重新拿起武器。

The UN World Food Programme said that 5m people in Zimbabwe—a third of the population—are at risk of starvation. The country was the region’s breadbasket until the government began stealing farms and handing them to ruling-party cronies.

联合国世界粮食计划署表示，津巴布韦有500万人（占总人口的三分之一）面临饥饿的危险。在政府开始窃取农场并将其交给执政党的亲信前，津巴布韦一直是非洲的粮仓。

Rounding up the opposition¹¹

围捕反对派

There were more demonstrations¹² in Moscow against the authorities’ decision to exclude opposition figures from contesting next month’s municipal elections. Hundreds of protesters were arrested, including Lyubov Sobol, one of the leading candidates to have been barred from appearing on the ballot¹³.

莫斯科发生了更多抗议活动，抗议当局将反对派人士排除在下月市政选举之外的决定。数百名抗议者被捕，其中包括被禁止出现在选票上的领先候选人之一柳博夫·索博尔(Lyubov Sobol)。

Italy’s government tightened¹⁴ the laws on dealing¹⁵ with migrants, sharply increasing the fines that can be imposed on ngos that rescue people at sea and bring them to Italy without permission. The government had to present the vote as an issue of confidence, but easily prevailed.

意大利政府收紧了应对移民问题的法律，大幅提高了对非政府组织的罚款，这些组织在海上救助难民，并在未经许可的情况下将他们带往意大利。政府不得不把投票作为一项信心问题，但很容易就获胜了。

Powered by kerosene¹⁶ in a backpack, Franky Zapata flew across the English Channel on a hoverboard. The French inventor, who demonstrated his device at this year’s Bastille Day parade, took 22 minutes to make the 35km (22-mile) crossing. A handy alternative to the Eurostar when it is next disrupted by weather/strikes/ technical issues.

弗兰基·萨帕塔(Franky Zapata)背包里装着煤油，踩着飞行踏板飞越英吉利海峡。这位法国发明家在今年的巴士底日游行中展示了这一发明，耗时22分钟完成了35公里(22英里)的跨越之行。当欧洲之星再次受到天气/罢工/技术问题的干扰时，这将是不错的出行方式。

1 detention   

n.滞留，停留；拘留，扣留；(教育)留下

参考例句：

• He was kept in detention by the police.他被警察扣留了。
• He was in detention in connection with the bribery affair.他因与贿赂事件有牵连而被拘留了。

2 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

3 credentials   

n.证明，资格，证明书，证件

参考例句：

• He has long credentials of diplomatic service.他的外交工作资历很深。
• Both candidates for the job have excellent credentials.此项工作的两个求职者都非常符合资格。

4 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

5 aged   

adj.年老的，陈年的

参考例句：

• He had put on weight and aged a little.他胖了，也老点了。
• He is aged,but his memory is still good.他已年老，然而记忆力还好。

6 narratives   

记叙文( narrative的名词复数 )； 故事； 叙述； 叙述部分

参考例句：

• Marriage, which has been the bourne of so many narratives, is still a great beginning. 结婚一向是许多小说的终点，然而也是一个伟大的开始。
• This is one of the narratives that children are fond of. 这是孩子们喜欢的故事之一。

7 brotherhood   

n.兄弟般的关系，手中情谊

参考例句：

• They broke up the brotherhood.他们断绝了兄弟关系。
• They live and work together in complete equality and brotherhood.他们完全平等和兄弟般地在一起生活和工作。

8 naval   

adj.海军的，军舰的，船的

参考例句：

• He took part in a great naval battle.他参加了一次大海战。
• The harbour is an important naval base.该港是一个重要的海军基地。

9 tanker   

n.油轮

参考例句：

• The tanker took on 200,000 barrels of crude oil.油轮装载了二十万桶原油。
• Heavy seas had pounded the tanker into three parts.汹涌的巨浪把油轮撞成三载。

10 disarm   

v.解除武装，回复平常的编制，缓和

参考例句：

• The world has waited 12 years for Iraq to disarm. 全世界等待伊拉克解除武装已有12年之久。
• He has rejected every peaceful opportunity offered to him to disarm.他已经拒绝了所有能和平缴械的机会。

11 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

12 demonstrations   

证明( demonstration的名词复数 )； 表明； 表达； 游行示威

参考例句：

• Lectures will be interspersed with practical demonstrations. 讲课中将不时插入实际示范。
• The new military government has banned strikes and demonstrations. 新的军人政府禁止罢工和示威活动。

13 ballot   

n.（不记名）投票，投票总数，投票权；vi.投票

参考例句：

• The members have demanded a ballot.会员们要求投票表决。
• The union said they will ballot members on whether to strike.工会称他们将要求会员投票表决是否罢工。

14 tightened   

收紧( tighten的过去式和过去分词 )； （使）变紧； （使）绷紧； 加紧

参考例句：

• The rope holding the boat suddenly tightened and broke. 系船的绳子突然绷断了。
• His index finger tightened on the trigger but then relaxed again. 他的食指扣住扳机，然后又松开了。

15 dealing   

n.经商方法，待人态度

参考例句：

• This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
• His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。

16 kerosene   

n.(kerosine)煤油，火油

参考例句：

• It is like putting out a fire with kerosene.这就像用煤油灭火。
• Instead of electricity,there were kerosene lanterns.没有电，有煤油灯。