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2021年经济学人 美国遇史上最严重黑客入侵,幕后黑手系俄罗斯?(1)

时间:2021-01-06 02:23来源:互联网 提供网友:nan   字体: [ ]
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United States

美国版块

Cyber-security

网络安全

Bear hunt

猎熊

Hackers1 have vaulted2 into the heart of America’s government

黑客已经潜入美国政府的核心

On september 25th Russia’s president, Vladimir Putin, warned that a “largescale confrontation3 in the digital sphere” was looming4. He offered a solution. Russia and America would “exchange guarantees of non-interference in each other’s internal affairs, including electoral processes, including using ICT”—in short, a cybertruce. Even as he spoke5, his hackers were apparently6 deep inside some of America’s most sensitive networks.

9月25日,俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京警告称,“数字领域的大规模对抗”一触即发。他提出了一个解决办法。即俄罗斯和美国将“彼此保证不通过信息和通信技术等方式干涉对方的内政,包括选举进程”——简而言之,就是网络休战协议。就在普京讲话的时候,他手下的黑客显然已经深入到美国最敏感的一些网络中。

American officials claim that a group of hackers known as APT29, or more evocatively as Cozy7 Bear, thought to be part of the SVR, Russia’s foreign intelligence service, penetrated8 several American government bodies—the list so far includes the Treasury9, Commerce, State and Homeland Security Departments, along with the National Institutes of Health—where they could read emails at will. It appears to be one of the largest-ever acts of digital espionage10 against America.

美国官员声称,美国政府认为名为APT29的黑客组织(或者更能让人想起的舒适熊组织)隶属于俄罗斯对外情报局(SVR),该组织侵入了几个美国政府机构。迄今为止,入侵名单包括美国财政部、商务部、国土安全部,以及国立卫生研究院,黑客组织可以随意浏览这些政府机构的电子邮件。这似乎是有史以来针对美国的最大规模的数字间谍活动之一。

The intrusion took a circuitous11 route. Between March and June, SolarWinds, a Texan company, pushed out updates to its Orion software, which is widely used to help organisations monitor their networks. The malware hitched12 a ride on those updates. Once downloaded, it allowed hackers to impersonate an organisation’s system administrators13, who typically have the run of the entire network. It cleverly funnelled14 out data by disguising it as legitimate15 traffic while parrying anti-virus tools. Once inside, intruders can remain present even if Orion is disconnected.

黑客入侵采取了迂回的方式。今年3月至6月,德州公司SolarWinds推出了旗下Orion软件的更新,该软件被广泛用于帮助组织监控其网络。恶意软件搭上了更新的便车。一旦下载,黑客就可以冒充一个组织的系统管理员,而系统管理员通常负责整个网络的运行。恶意软件巧妙地将数据伪装成合法流量,同时避开反病毒工具。一旦进入,即使Orion被断开连接,入侵者也可以继续存在。


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 hackers dc5d6e5c0ffd6d1cd249286ced098382     
n.计算机迷( hacker的名词复数 );私自存取或篡改电脑资料者,电脑“黑客”
参考例句:
  • They think of viruses that infect an organization from the outside.They envision hackers breaking into their information vaults. 他们考虑来自外部的感染公司的病毒,他们设想黑客侵入到信息宝库中。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Arranging a meeting with the hackers took weeks againoff-again email exchanges. 通过几星期电子邮件往来安排见面,他们最终同意了。 来自互联网
2 vaulted MfjzTA     
adj.拱状的
参考例句:
  • She vaulted over the gate and ran up the path. 她用手一撑跃过栅栏门沿着小路跑去。
  • The formal living room has a fireplace and vaulted ceilings. 正式的客厅有一个壁炉和拱形天花板。
3 confrontation xYHy7     
n.对抗,对峙,冲突
参考例句:
  • We can't risk another confrontation with the union.我们不能冒再次同工会对抗的危险。
  • After years of confrontation,they finally have achieved a modus vivendi.在对抗很长时间后,他们最后达成安宁生存的非正式协议。
4 looming 1060bc05c0969cf209c57545a22ee156     
n.上现蜃景(光通过低层大气发生异常折射形成的一种海市蜃楼)v.隐约出现,阴森地逼近( loom的现在分词 );隐约出现,阴森地逼近
参考例句:
  • The foothills were looming ahead through the haze. 丘陵地带透过薄雾朦胧地出现在眼前。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Then they looked up. Looming above them was Mount Proteome. 接着他们往上看,在其上隐约看到的是蛋白质组山。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 回顾与展望
5 spoke XryyC     
n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说
参考例句:
  • They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
  • The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。
6 apparently tMmyQ     
adv.显然地;表面上,似乎
参考例句:
  • An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽,豁然开朗。
  • He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。
7 cozy ozdx0     
adj.亲如手足的,密切的,暖和舒服的
参考例句:
  • I like blankets because they are cozy.我喜欢毛毯,因为他们是舒适的。
  • We spent a cozy evening chatting by the fire.我们在炉火旁聊天度过了一个舒适的晚上。
8 penetrated 61c8e5905df30b8828694a7dc4c3a3e0     
adj. 击穿的,鞭辟入里的 动词penetrate的过去式和过去分词形式
参考例句:
  • The knife had penetrated his chest. 刀子刺入了他的胸膛。
  • They penetrated into territory where no man had ever gone before. 他们已进入先前没人去过的地区。
9 treasury 7GeyP     
n.宝库;国库,金库;文库
参考例句:
  • The Treasury was opposed in principle to the proposals.财政部原则上反对这些提案。
  • This book is a treasury of useful information.这本书是有价值的信息宝库。
10 espionage uiqzd     
n.间谍行为,谍报活动
参考例句:
  • The authorities have arrested several people suspected of espionage.官方已经逮捕了几个涉嫌从事间谍活动的人。
  • Neither was there any hint of espionage in Hanley's early life.汉利的早期生活也毫无进行间谍活动的迹象。
11 circuitous 5qzzs     
adj.迂回的路的,迂曲的,绕行的
参考例句:
  • They took a circuitous route to avoid reporters.他们绕道避开了记者。
  • The explanation was circuitous and puzzling.这个解释很迂曲,让人困惑不解。
12 hitched fc65ed4d8ef2e272cfe190bf8919d2d2     
(免费)搭乘他人之车( hitch的过去式和过去分词 ); 搭便车; 攀上; 跃上
参考例句:
  • They hitched a ride in a truck. 他们搭乘了一辆路过的货车。
  • We hitched a ride in a truck yesterday. 我们昨天顺便搭乘了一辆卡车。
13 administrators d04952b3df94d47c04fc2dc28396a62d     
n.管理者( administrator的名词复数 );有管理(或行政)才能的人;(由遗嘱检验法庭指定的)遗产管理人;奉派暂管主教教区的牧师
参考例句:
  • He had administrators under him but took the crucial decisions himself. 他手下有管理人员,但重要的决策仍由他自己来做。 来自辞典例句
  • Administrators have their own methods of social intercourse. 办行政的人有他们的社交方式。 来自汉英文学 - 围城
14 funnelled 6e586008c19f76cd25710c0b454fa582     
漏斗状的
参考例句:
  • He secretly funnelled credit-card information to counterfeiters. 他偷偷地把信用卡信息传递给造假者。
  • The water funnelled through the gorge and out onto the plain. 水穿过峡谷流到平原。
15 legitimate L9ZzJ     
adj.合法的,合理的,合乎逻辑的;v.使合法
参考例句:
  • Sickness is a legitimate reason for asking for leave.生病是请假的一个正当的理由。
  • That's a perfectly legitimate fear.怀有这种恐惧完全在情理之中。
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TAG标签:   2021年听力  经济学人
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