2021年经济学人 一年要闻 嫦娥5号登月挖土 伊朗将军遭暗杀 黎巴嫩港口大爆炸

In other noteworthy elections, Sinn Fein got the most votes at the polls in Ireland but came second in terms of seats. The country got its first-ever coalition¹ government between Fianna Fail and Fine Gael. In Bolivia’s twice-postponed² election Luis Arce won the presidency³. He is from the left but is viewed as a technocrat⁴.

在其他国家值得关注的选举中，新芬党在爱尔兰的投票中获得最多的选票，但在席位方面排名第二。爱尔兰有史以来第一个由共和党和统一党组建联合政府。在玻利维亚两次推迟的选举中，路易斯·阿尔塞赢得了总统选举。他来自左翼政党，但被视为技术官僚。

There was talk of war in the Gulf⁵ region after America assassinated⁶ Qassem Suleimani, Iran’s foremost general, in a drone strike at Baghdad’s airport in January. Five days later a Ukrainian airliner⁷ crashed after taking off from Tehran airport, killing⁸ all 176 people on board. Iran’s armed forces later admitted that they had mistaken the plane for a missile and shot it down.

今年1月，美国在巴格达机场的无人机袭击中暗杀了伊朗最重要的将军卡西姆·苏莱马尼(Qassem Suleimani)，自此，海湾地区爆发了战争。五天后，一架乌克兰客机从德黑兰机场起飞后坠毁，机上176人全部遇难。伊朗武装部队后来承认，他们误以为这架飞机是一枚导弹，并将其击落。

Parts of central Beirut were destroyed by a huge explosion, killing 200 people and injuring 6,500. A fire at the port ignited 2,750 tonnes of ammonium nitrate that had been stored and neglected for seven years. The blast, felt 240km away in Cyprus, led to the resignation of the Lebanese government.

贝鲁特中部部分地区被一场巨大的爆炸摧毁，造成200人死亡，6500人受伤。港口的一场大火点燃了2750吨被储存和遗忘了7年的硝酸铵。240公里外的塞浦路斯也有震感，这场爆炸导致黎巴嫩政府辞职。

NASA launched astronauts into space from American soil for the first time since the end of the shuttle programme in 2011. It used a SpaceX capsule, a first for a private company putting humans into orbit. China sent a spacecraft to the Moon to collect rocks, which hasn’t been done since the 1970s.

自2011年航天飞机计划结束以来，美国宇航局首次将宇航员从美国本土送入太空。美国宇航局使用了SpaceX的太空舱，这是私人公司首次将人类送入轨道。中国向月球发射了一艘宇宙飞船以收集岩石，为上世纪70年代以来的首次。

“Parasite”, a South Korean comedy thriller⁹, was the surprise winner at the Oscars. It beat the bookies’ favourite, “1917”, to scoop¹⁰ best picture, the first foreign-language film to do so.

韩国喜剧惊悚片《寄生虫》意外获得了奥斯卡奖。这部影片击败了博彩公司最看好的《1917》，获得了最佳影片奖，这是第一部获得该奖项的外语片。

The film industry was hit hard by lockdowns, as cinema closures postponed the release of many blockbusters until 2021. Some went straight to streaming. Disney+, the studio’s streaming service, ended the year with 87m subscribers. It wasn’t expecting to reach that number until 2024; it now thinks it may have 260m users in four years’ time. Disney reorganised its content delivery around streaming.

电影行业受到了封锁令的沉重打击，影院关闭导致许多大片的上映时间推迟到2021年。有些影片直接进入流媒体。迪士尼的流媒体服务Disney+在去年年底拥有8700万订户。原本预计到2024年才会达到这么多用户量；现在，该公司认为四年内可能会拥有2.6亿的用户。迪士尼围绕流媒体重新安排了内容传送。

Africa was declared free from wild polio. The disease is now found only in Afghanistan and Pakistan. There is no cure, but there is a vaccine¹¹.

非洲宣布小儿麻痹症绝迹。这种疾病现在只在阿富汗和巴基斯坦发现。目前虽然没有治愈方法，但已经开发出了疫苗。

1 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

2 postponed   

vt.& vi.延期，缓办，（使）延迟vt.把…放在次要地位；[语]把…放在后面（或句尾）vi.（疟疾等）延缓发作（或复发）

参考例句：

• The trial was postponed indefinitely. 审讯无限期延迟。
• The game has already been postponed three times. 这场比赛已经三度延期了。

3 presidency   

n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期)

参考例句：

• Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。

4 technocrat   

n.技术人员，技术官僚

参考例句：

• He is a distant technocrat who is unable to connect with ordinary voters.作为一个冷淡的技术官僚，他不能做到与普通选民息息相通。
• Jack Lew,the new budget director,is the quintessential technocrat.新预算主管杰克·卢就是一个典型的技术官僚。

5 gulf   

n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂

参考例句：

• The gulf between the two leaders cannot be bridged.两位领导人之间的鸿沟难以跨越。
• There is a gulf between the two cities.这两座城市间有个海湾。

6 assassinated   

v.暗杀( assassinate的过去式和过去分词 )；中伤；诋毁；破坏

参考例句：

• The prime minister was assassinated by extremists. 首相遭极端分子暗杀。
• Then, just two days later, President Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas. 跟着在两天以后，肯尼迪总统在达拉斯被人暗杀。 来自辞典例句

7 airliner   

n.客机，班机

参考例句：

• The pilot landed the airliner safely.驾驶员使客机安全着陆。
• The passengers were shepherded across the tarmac to the airliner.旅客们被引导走过跑道去上飞机。

8 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

9 thriller   

n.惊险片，恐怖片

参考例句：

• He began by writing a thriller.That book sold a million copies.他是写惊险小说起家的。那本书卖了一百万册。
• I always take a thriller to read on the train.我乘火车时，总带一本惊险小说看。

10 scoop   

n.铲子，舀取，独家新闻；v.汲取，舀取，抢先登出

参考例句：

• In the morning he must get his boy to scoop it out.早上一定得叫佣人把它剜出来。
• Uh,one scoop of coffee and one scoop of chocolate for me.我要一勺咖啡的和一勺巧克力的。

11 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。