2021年经济学人 中国疫苗"入世" 缓解全球疫苗短缺

Britain’s Labour Party lost Hartlepool in a by-election, a constituency it had held since its creation in 1974. A huge swing gave the Conservatives 52% of the vote, nearly twice that of Labour; sitting governments have won by-elections only a handful of times. Labour’s leader, Sir Keir Starmer, came under more pressure when the party lost many seats in council elections. Labour’s candidate in Hartlepool said voters did not know what the party now stood for.

英国工党在递补选举中失去了哈特尔普尔选区，该选区自1974年成立以来一直是工党的选区。保守党获得了52%的选票，几乎是工党的两倍；现任政府只赢得过几次递补选举。当工党在议会选举中失去许多席位时，其领袖基尔·斯塔默爵士(Sir Keir Starmer)面临着巨大的压力。哈特尔普尔的工党候选人称，选民们不知道该党现在代表着什么。

At a summit meeting in Portugal, EU leaders rejected proposals by Joe Biden to waive¹ COVID-19 vaccine² patents as a way to increase the supply of the drugs. They argued that it would be more helpful if America were to relax its restrictions³ on the export of vaccines⁴.

在葡萄牙举行的一次峰会上，欧盟领导人拒绝了拜登提出的豁免新冠肺炎疫苗专利以增加疫苗供应的建议。他们反而认为，如果美国放松对疫苗出口的限制会更有帮助。

Seven children and two adults were killed in a shooting at a school in the Russian city of Kazan; 23 others, most of them children, were injured. President Vladimir Putin said he would review the country's gun-control laws. The assailant was a former pupil.

俄罗斯喀山市一所学校发生枪击案，7名儿童和2名成年人死亡；另有23人受伤，其中大部分是儿童。俄罗斯总统普京表示，他将重新审议该国的枪支管制法律。袭击者曾是一名学生。

A car bomb outside a girls' school in Kabul killed at least 85 people, mostly pupils. The Taliban denied responsibility. The attack, which occurred in a part of the city that is home to the Hazara ethnic⁵ minority, has intensified⁶ concerns that the American withdrawal⁷ from Afghanistan in September will be followed by greater violence against women and minorities. Meanwhile the Taliban seized control of a district near Kabul, the second in a week.

喀布尔一所女子学校外发生汽车炸弹袭击，造成至少85人死亡，其中大部分是学生。塔利班否认对此次袭击负责。这次袭击发生在哈扎拉少数族裔居住城市的某个区域，这加剧了人们的担忧，即美国9月份从阿富汗撤军后，针对妇女和少数族裔的暴力将会加剧。与此同时，塔利班夺取了喀布尔附近一个地区的控制权，这是该组织一周内攻占的第二个地区。

India’s COVID crisis continued to engulf⁸ the country, spreading into the rural hinterland and spilling over the country’s borders. Daily recorded infections in Nepal have jumped by a factor of 25 in the past month and one in every two tests returns a positive result, twice India’s already high rate, suggesting many cases are going undetected. Infections are also rising across South-East Asia, testing the capacity of health systems.

印度新冠肺炎疫情危机继续席卷该国，开始向农村内陆地区传播，并蔓延到该国的边境。过去一个月里，尼泊尔每日记录的感染病例增加了25倍，每两例检测中就有一例呈阳性，是印度高感染率的两倍，这表明许多病例没有被发现。整个东南亚的感染率也在攀升，这是对卫生系统能力的考验。

Coronavirus briefs

疫情一览

The United States reported its lowest number of new daily cases since June. Just over 22,200 cases were recorded on May 10th, down from a peak of more than 312,000 in early January. Daily deaths fell to 280 on May 9th; in January they peaked at over 4,000.

美国报告了自6月以来的最低单日新增病例。5月10日有超过2.22万例病例记录，低于1月初超过31.2万例的峰值。5月9日，单日死亡人数降至280人；而一月份单日死亡人数达到破4000的峰值。

America’s Food and Drug Administration approved the use of the Pfizer vaccine in children aged⁹ 12 to 15.

美国食品和药物管理局批准了辉瑞公司的疫苗在12到15岁的儿童中使用。

The World Health Organisation¹⁰ recommended the use of the Sinopharm vaccine, the first vaccine from China ever to be endorsed¹¹ by the global body. Produced by a state-owned company, it will be added to the covax programme providing doses to poor countries.

世界卫生组织(WHO)建议使用国药集团(Sinopharm)的疫苗，这是该组织批准的首个中国疫苗。该疫苗由一家国有制药企业生产，将加入向贫穷国家提供疫苗的“新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划”（COVAX）。

1 waive   

vt.放弃，不坚持(规定、要求、权力等)

参考例句：

• I'll record to our habitat office waive our claim immediately.我立即写信给咱们的总公司提出放弃索赔。
• In view of the unusual circumstances,they agree to waive their requirement.鉴于特殊情况，他们同意放弃他们的要求。

2 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

3 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

4 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

5 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。

6 intensified   

v.（使）增强， （使）加剧( intensify的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Violence intensified during the night. 在夜间暴力活动加剧了。
• The drought has intensified. 旱情加剧了。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 withdrawal   

n.取回，提款；撤退，撤军；收回，撤销

参考例句：

• The police were forced to make a tactical withdrawal.警方被迫进行战术撤退。
• They insisted upon a withdrawal of the statement and a public apology.他们坚持要收回那些话并公开道歉。

8 engulf   

vt.吞没，吞食

参考例句：

• Floodwaters engulf a housing project in the Bajo Yuna community in central Dominican Republic.洪水吞没了多米尼加中部巴杰优那社区的一处在建的住房工程项目。
• If we are not strong enough to cover all the minds up,then they will engulf us,and we are in danger.如果我们不够坚强来抵挡大众的意念，就会有被他们吞没的危险。

9 aged   

adj.年老的，陈年的

参考例句：

• He had put on weight and aged a little.他胖了，也老点了。
• He is aged,but his memory is still good.他已年老，然而记忆力还好。

10 organisation   

n.组织，安排，团体，有机休

参考例句：

• The method of his organisation work is worth commending.他的组织工作的方法值得称道。
• His application for membership of the organisation was rejected.他想要加入该组织的申请遭到了拒绝。

11 endorsed   

vt.& vi.endorse的过去式或过去分词形式v.赞同( endorse的过去式和过去分词 )；在（尤指支票的）背面签字；在（文件的）背面写评论；在广告上说本人使用并赞同某产品

参考例句：

• The committee endorsed an initiative by the chairman to enter discussion about a possible merger. 委员会通过了主席提出的新方案，开始就可能进行的并购进行讨论。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The government has broadly endorsed a research paper proposing new educational targets for 14-year-olds. 政府基本上支持建议对14 岁少年实行新教育目标的研究报告。 来自《简明英汉词典》