美国国家公共电台 NPR--在过去的一年里，一年级黑人医学生的数量增长了21%

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The number of first-year Black medical students jumps 21% in the past year

Transcript¹

Medical schools across the country are reporting a record increase in first-year Black students. (This report originally aired Jan. 15, 2022 on Weekend Edition Saturday.)

STEVE INSKEEP, HOST:

Medical schools report a record increase in new Black students. One school in Massachusetts has nearly tripled the number of first-year future doctors who are Black. Kirk Carapezza with member station GBH in Boston has this encore presentation.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED NPR BROADCAST)

KIRK CARAPEZZA, BYLINE²: Growing up in northern New Jersey³, Sabrina Lima says her mom, a nurse, inspired her to pursue a career as a physician.

SABRINA LIMA: I've been on, like, medical missionary⁴ trips with her. So seeing her in medicine, she's just like - she's just an amazing woman. I just love how she serves others, and I want to serve people in a similar way.

CARAPEZZA: The daughter of Haitian immigrants says both of her parents encouraged her to apply to medical school.

LIMA: For Haitian kids, either you're a doctor, lawyer, or you're an engineer. So when I said I want to be a doctor, like, they're not going to be like, no, why would you want to do - like, they're like, yeah, my kid wants what I want for them. But they never pushed it.

CARAPEZZA: Last year, she was accepted into Tufts' medical school, where, last fall, the number of new students who identify as Black or African American jumped from nine the year before to 26. Across the country, medical schools say the number of first-year Black students in the U.S. is way up - 21%, an unprecedented⁵ spike⁶ in the past year.

NORMA POLL-HUNTER: We have never seen such a increase within a short amount of time.

CARAPEZZA: Norma Poll-Hunter says diversity in medicine matters to patients. She leads workforce⁷ diversity efforts at the Association of American Medical Colleges, and she points to research that shows, across all races, patients are more likely to report satisfaction with their care when their doctors look like them. But only 5% of the country's doctors are Black.

POLL-HUNTER: When Black physicians, male physicians are working with Black male patients, we see better outcomes in preventative care, around cardiac care. We've also seen that in terms of infant mortality as well.

CARAPEZZA: To address health disparities afflicting⁸ Black people, Hunter says more medical schools are adjusting their admissions procedures, looking beyond test scores and waiving⁹ application fees, allowing more students to interview remotely and considering race when deciding which students to admit.

JOYCE SACKEY: Medical schools are like the Titanic¹⁰. It's very difficult to move policies and processes, to be honest.

CARAPEZZA: Joyce Sackey is dean for multicultural¹¹ affairs and global health at Tufts. She says the ongoing¹² racial reckoning has served as inspiration for admissions officers to redouble their diversity efforts.

SACKEY: We are a medical school that has declared that we want to work towards becoming an anti-racist institution. This stand may have also signaled to applicants¹³ whom we accepted that maybe this is a place that they could make home.

CARAPEZZA: Finances are still a major issue for underrepresented students in medical school. Graduates finish with a huge amount of debt - on average, more than $240,000.

CEDRIC BRIGHT: We perpetuate¹⁴ that issue because we give scholarships for merit and not scholarships for need.

CARAPEZZA: Dr. Cedric Bright is dean of admissions at East Carolina University's medical school. He says staggering debt loads discourage many would-be doctors from even applying.

BRIGHT: We need to empower communities to want to raise money to say, we will pay for a student that comes from this community, and hopefully when they finish, they'll come back to our community and practice.

CARAPEZZA: That's what Sabrina Lima plans to do after she graduates from Tufts.

LIMA: I definitely want to open up clinics. I want to work in low-income areas.

CARAPEZZA: She sees herself serving first-generation immigrant families near her New Jersey hometown.

LIMA: A lot of my early health experiences have been in Newark, so I definitely, like, have a heart for that community.

CARAPEZZA: For NPR News, I'm Kirk Carapezza in Boston.

(SOUNDBITE OF QUINCY JONES' "LOVE AND PEACE")

1 transcript   

n.抄本，誊本，副本，肄业证书

参考例句：

• A transcript of the tapes was presented as evidence in court.一份录音带的文字本作为证据被呈交法庭。
• They wouldn't let me have a transcript of the interview.他们拒绝给我一份采访的文字整理稿。

2 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

3 jersey   

n.运动衫

参考例句：

• He wears a cotton jersey when he plays football.他穿运动衫踢足球。
• They were dressed alike in blue jersey and knickers.他们穿着一致，都是蓝色的运动衫和灯笼短裤。

4 missionary   

adj.教会的，传教(士)的；n.传教士

参考例句：

• She taught in a missionary school for a couple of years.她在一所教会学校教了两年书。
• I hope every member understands the value of missionary work. 我希望教友都了解传教工作的价值。

5 unprecedented   

adj.无前例的，新奇的

参考例句：

• The air crash caused an unprecedented number of deaths.这次空难的死亡人数是空前的。
• A flood of this sort is really unprecedented.这样大的洪水真是十年九不遇。

6 spike   

n.长钉，钉鞋；v.以大钉钉牢，使...失效

参考例句：

• The spike pierced the receipts and held them in order.那个钉子穿过那些收据并使之按顺序排列。
• They'll do anything to spike the guns of the opposition.他们会使出各种手段来挫败对手。

7 workforce   

n.劳动大军，劳动力

参考例句：

• A large part of the workforce is employed in agriculture.劳动人口中一大部分受雇于农业。
• A quarter of the local workforce is unemployed.本地劳动力中有四分之一失业。

8 afflicting   

痛苦的

参考例句：

• Violent crime is only one of the maladies afflicting modern society. 暴力犯罪仅仅是困扰现代社会的严重问题之一。
• Violent crime is only one of the maladies afflicting modern society. 暴力犯罪仅仅是危害社会的弊病之一。

9 waiving   

v.宣布放弃( waive的现在分词 )；搁置；推迟；放弃（权利、要求等）

参考例句：

• Other steps suggested included waiving late payment charges, making quicker loan decisions and easing loan terms. 其他测试还包括免去滞纳金，尽快做出贷款决定和放宽贷款条件。 来自互联网
• Stuyvesant Town offers the same perk on some apartments, along waiving the broker's fee. StuyvesantTown对于他们出租的某些房子也提供同样的好处，顺带还省略了中介费。 来自互联网

10 titanic   

adj.巨人的，庞大的，强大的

参考例句：

• We have been making titanic effort to achieve our purpose.我们一直在作极大的努力，以达到我们的目的。
• The island was created by titanic powers and they are still at work today.台湾岛是由一个至今仍然在运作的巨大力量塑造出来的。

11 multicultural   

adj.融合多种文化的，多种文化的

参考例句：

• Children growing up in a multicultural society.在多元文化社会中长大的孩子们。
• The school has been attempting to bring a multicultural perspective to its curriculum.这所学校已经在尝试将一种多元文化视角引入其课程。

12 ongoing   

adj.进行中的，前进的

参考例句：

• The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
• The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。

13 applicants   

申请人，求职人( applicant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• There were over 500 applicants for the job. 有500多人申请这份工作。
• He was impressed by the high calibre of applicants for the job. 求职人员出色的能力给他留下了深刻印象。

14 perpetuate   

v.使永存，使永记不忘

参考例句：

• This monument was built to perpetuate the memory of the national hero.这个纪念碑建造的意义在于纪念民族英雄永垂不朽。
• We must perpetuate the system.我们必须将此制度永久保持。