美国国家公共电台 NPR--How Russian forces lost control of the Ukrainian railway hub of Lyman

How Russian forces lost control of the Ukrainian railway hub of Lyman

Transcript¹

Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelenskyy says the key railway hub is under his country's control. Russian forces had been using the rail lines to resupply their troops farther south in Ukraine.

STEVE INSKEEP, HOST:

Russia is losing territory in Ukraine almost as quickly as it pretends to annex² it. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy now says that a railway hub is back in his country's control. Lyman is in a region that Russia claimed for itself after a much-discredited referendum. NPR's Jason Beaubien is covering various Ukrainian advances in southern Ukraine. Hey there, Jason.

JASON BEAUBIEN, BYLINE³: Hey, Steve.

INSKEEP: And of the various moves to talk about, let's talk about Lyman. How significant is the seizure⁴ of this relatively⁵ small city?

BEAUBIEN: You know, this is really important logistically. Lyman - it's part of the Donetsk region, it's near Kharkiv, and it's a railway hub that Russian forces had been using to resupply their troops further south in the Donbas. It's also important as a morale⁶ boost. Lyman is part of this area that, as you've mentioned, Russian President Vladimir Putin just announced on Friday he's making part of the Russian Federation⁷ forever. It's worth pointing out that there were significant parts of both the Donetsk region and the Zaporizhzhia oblast that Putin claimed to have annexed⁸ that were never even under Russian control during this war. You know, and finally, grabbing Lyman will potentially give Ukrainian forces momentum⁹ and a base to push even further west towards the Russian border. But we'll have to see on that.

INSKEEP: OK. So we've talked about this on the program. There've been two Ukrainian offensives - one in the east, one toward the south. We've just been talking about the east. You are in the south. What is happening there?

BEAUBIEN: Yes. So I'm in Mykolaiv, which is right next to the Kherson region, which is another one of the regions that Russia now claims to have just absorbed into the Russian Federation. And Kherson is an area where Ukrainian troops have been trying to push back Russian forces. And they've had some success, but it's been nothing like that sweeping¹⁰ counteroffensive that we saw in the northeast near Kharkiv. The terrain¹¹ here - it's much more open. It's fields. The Russians are fairly well dug in. But over the last couple of weeks, Ukrainian forces have moved the front line back from where I am here in Mykolaiv. It used to be about 10 miles from the outskirts¹² of the city. Now it's about 20 miles to the east.

INSKEEP: What is it like where you are behind the Ukrainian lines?

BEAUBIEN: You know, this city continues to get hit with missiles every day - mainly it's at night. In recent days, we've also started to see attacks from suicide drones that Russia has gotten from Iran. The drone attacks are relatively new, and they're much harder for the Ukrainian air defense¹³ systems to shoot down. People are getting killed also by conventional missiles. Just the other day, a cluster bomb hit the middle of a major street here. I was talking to Vitali Kim. He's the regional military administrator¹⁴ for Mykolaiv. And he says residents are getting used to what's like this new normal because they have no other option.

VITALI KIM: The war is going, people are dying and lots of destroyed buildings and lots of problems with economics, etc. So I don't know how to command it. We do not have a choice. We're trying to live our common life in such difficult circumstances.

BEAUBIEN: He says that roughly half the city's population has fled to safer - other areas. But he notes that not everyone can flee. And he says the only choice most Ukrainians have is to try to fight back and free the territory that is now under Russian control.

INSKEEP: Jason, you said cluster bomb - that sends projectiles¹⁵ in all areas, that is to kill people. That is the objective of that, is a maximum death. Is that right?

BEAUBIEN: Absolutely. And right in the middle of a urban street here.

INSKEEP: Jason, thanks.

BEAUBIEN: You're welcome.

INSKEEP: NPR's Jason Beaubien.

1 transcript   

n.抄本，誊本，副本，肄业证书

参考例句：

• A transcript of the tapes was presented as evidence in court.一份录音带的文字本作为证据被呈交法庭。
• They wouldn't let me have a transcript of the interview.他们拒绝给我一份采访的文字整理稿。

2 annex   

vt.兼并，吞并；n.附属建筑物

参考例句：

• It plans to annex an England company in order to enlarge the market.它计划兼并一家英国公司以扩大市场。
• The annex has been built on to the main building.主楼配建有附属的建筑物。

3 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

4 seizure   

n.没收；占有；抵押

参考例句：

• The seizure of contraband is made by customs.那些走私品是被海关没收的。
• The courts ordered the seizure of all her property.法院下令查封她所有的财产。

5 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

6 morale   

n.道德准则，士气，斗志

参考例句：

• The morale of the enemy troops is sinking lower every day.敌军的士气日益低落。
• He tried to bolster up their morale.他尽力鼓舞他们的士气。

7 federation   

n.同盟，联邦，联合，联盟，联合会

参考例句：

• It is a federation of 10 regional unions.它是由十个地方工会结合成的联合会。
• Mr.Putin was inaugurated as the President of the Russian Federation.普京正式就任俄罗斯联邦总统。

8 annexed   

[法] 附加的，附属的

参考例句：

• Germany annexed Austria in 1938. 1938年德国吞并了奥地利。
• The outlying villages were formally annexed by the town last year. 那些偏远的村庄于去年正式被并入该镇。

9 momentum   

n.动力，冲力，势头；动量

参考例句：

• We exploit the energy and momentum conservation laws in this way.我们就是这样利用能量和动量守恒定律的。
• The law of momentum conservation could supplant Newton's third law.动量守恒定律可以取代牛顿第三定律。

10 sweeping   

adj.范围广大的，一扫无遗的

参考例句：

• The citizens voted for sweeping reforms.公民投票支持全面的改革。
• Can you hear the wind sweeping through the branches?你能听到风掠过树枝的声音吗？

11 terrain   

n.地面，地形，地图

参考例句：

• He had made a detailed study of the terrain.他对地形作了缜密的研究。
• He knows the terrain of this locality like the back of his hand.他对这一带的地形了如指掌。

12 outskirts   

n.郊外，郊区

参考例句：

• Our car broke down on the outskirts of the city.我们的汽车在市郊出了故障。
• They mostly live on the outskirts of a town.他们大多住在近郊。

13 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

14 administrator   

n.经营管理者，行政官员

参考例句：

• The role of administrator absorbed much of Ben's energy.行政职务耗掉本很多精力。
• He has proved himself capable as administrator.他表现出管理才能。

15 projectiles   

n.抛射体( projectile的名词复数 )；（炮弹、子弹等）射弹，（火箭等）自动推进的武器

参考例句：

• These differences are connected with the strong absorption of the composite projectiles. 这些差别与复杂的入射粒子的强烈吸收有关。 来自辞典例句
• Projectiles became more important because cannons could now fire balls over hundreds or yards. 抛射体变得更加重要，因为人们已能用大炮把炮弹射到几百码的距离之外。 来自辞典例句