美国国家公共电台 NPR--Ukrainian children head back to school in a country marked by war

Ukrainian children head back to school in a country marked by war

Transcript¹

It's the first day of school in Ukraine, where about 2,300 educational institutions have been damaged and nearly 300 destroyed. Teachers are supporting children who have been severely² traumatized.

RACHEL MARTIN, HOST:

Ukraine's new school year begins today in the middle of a war. About a fourth of schools will start in person. The rest will attempt the year online. NPR's Elissa Nadworny has the story from a school in Kharkiv.

ELISSA NADWORNY, BYLINE⁴: Kindergarten No. 323 sits among a number of residential⁵ buildings in the center of Kharkiv, Ukraine's second-largest city, close to the border with Russia. Instead of students outside, there are city workers cleaning the debris⁶ left from Russian shelling that hit and damaged the school this week. The head of school, Yana Tsyhanenko, shows us the damage.

YANA TSYHANENKO: (Non-English language spoken).

NADWORNY: Nearly all the windows are broken, so glass is everywhere. The brightly colored stairs that lead to the first classroom are destroyed.

TSYHANENKO: (Non-English language spoken).

NADWORNY: Tsyhanenko points to the top step, which is stained with blood. When the building was hit, two teachers' assistants happened to be taking out the trash. They're both in the hospital. Tsyhanenko was inside when the shelling hit this week. This fall, students won't be here in person, but she and other teachers - they've been coming in each day to get their classrooms ready. It's what they do every August. In Ukraine, the first day of school is a big day. It's called the Day of Knowledge, and it's usually celebrated⁷ with balloons, concerts and special festivities.

TSYHANENKO: (Non-English language spoken).

NADWORNY: "It's like a second new year for teachers," Tsyhanenko jokes.

TSYHANENKO: (Non-English language spoken).

NADWORNY: "But this year, the feeling is of stolen happiness," she says. Away from the side of the kindergarten building that was hit, she walks us through the pristine⁸ classrooms. The halls are painted in pastels, purple and pink and yellow. The shelves are filled with books and toys. There's little beds for naptime. They're made up with small stuffed animals on each pillow. Before the war, this school had more than 300 students, ages 2 through 6. Tsyhanenko picks up a yearbook and looks through it.

TSYHANENKO: (Non-English language spoken).

NADWORNY: "We had a wonderful school," she says. Only 14 of those students remain in Kharkiv. The rest are scattered⁹ around Ukraine and the world.

TSYHANENKO: (Non-English language spoken).

NADWORNY: "Kindergartens are not supposed to be empty," she says. "They should be filled with laughter, with the sound of little feet running down the hallway." In some places, like the Kyiv suburbs of Bucha and Irpin, schools are back in person. These are places that saw a lot of devastation¹⁰ in the early parts of the war, and rebuilding there has been swift. The start of the school year has a note of defiance¹¹ and celebration. But in cities like Kharkiv, where there is still daily shelling and missile strikes, the state-run schools will be online.

TSYHANENKO: (Non-English language spoken).

NADWORNY: The attack here at Kindergarten 323 has confirmed for Tsyhanenko that that's the right decision. Because the city is so close to Russia, there's only a few minutes between the air raid sirens and an explosion. Even if a school had a shelter, there wouldn't be enough time to get children down there. We walk to a damaged classroom with glass and debris on the floor, and Tsyhanenko opens up some of the cubbies. They're still filled with the students' belongings¹² - backpacks, sneakers, an extra change of clothes. In one locker¹³, she takes out a piece of art. It's a snowman - the last thing a student made back in February, the day before the invasion.

TSYHANENKO: (Non-English language spoken).

NADWORNY: "The cubbies are waiting for them," she says. "We, the teachers, are waiting for them." She's told the children that they'll rebuild. She doesn't want them to worry. She wants the school to be ready for their return when the war is over. Experts I've talked to have stressed that so many of Ukraine's more than 5 million children have experienced trauma³. Teachers throughout the country have been working with psychologists, doing training to better equip them to work with their students. But it's a big challenge, especially when such young kids are online.

TSYHANENKO: (Non-English language spoken).

NADWORNY: Tsyhanenko's most worried about the social and emotional skills the kids are missing. She and her teachers will be sending video lessons and lists of things for parents to do at home. But there's nothing like in-person school, she says. As she walks us out of the school, her eyes drift to a pink toy truck poking¹⁴ out of the rubble¹⁵. She starts to tear up.

TSYHANENKO: (Non-English language spoken).

NADWORNY: "It's not the damage to the school that I'm mourning," she says. "It's the destruction of childhood."

Elissa Nadworny, NPR News, Kharkiv, Ukraine.

1 transcript   

n.抄本，誊本，副本，肄业证书

参考例句：

• A transcript of the tapes was presented as evidence in court.一份录音带的文字本作为证据被呈交法庭。
• They wouldn't let me have a transcript of the interview.他们拒绝给我一份采访的文字整理稿。

2 severely   

adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地

参考例句：

• He was severely criticized and removed from his post.他受到了严厉的批评并且被撤了职。
• He is severely put down for his careless work.他因工作上的粗心大意而受到了严厉的批评。

3 trauma   

n.外伤，精神创伤

参考例句：

• Counselling is helping him work through this trauma.心理辅导正帮助他面对痛苦。
• The phobia may have its root in a childhood trauma.恐惧症可能源于童年时期的创伤。

4 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

5 residential   

adj.提供住宿的；居住的；住宅的

参考例句：

• The mayor inspected the residential section of the city.市长视察了该市的住宅区。
• The residential blocks were integrated with the rest of the college.住宿区与学院其他部分结合在了一起。

6 debris   

n.瓦砾堆，废墟，碎片

参考例句：

• After the bombing there was a lot of debris everywhere.轰炸之后到处瓦砾成堆。
• Bacteria sticks to food debris in the teeth,causing decay.细菌附着在牙缝中的食物残渣上，导致蛀牙。

7 celebrated   

adj.有名的，声誉卓著的

参考例句：

• He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.不久他就成了英格兰最负盛名的年轻画家之一。
• The celebrated violinist was mobbed by the audience.观众团团围住了这位著名的小提琴演奏家。

8 pristine   

adj.原来的，古时的，原始的，纯净的，无垢的

参考例句：

• He wiped his fingers on his pristine handkerchief.他用他那块洁净的手帕擦手指。
• He wasn't about to blemish that pristine record.他本不想去玷污那清白的过去。

9 scattered   

adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的

参考例句：

• Gathering up his scattered papers,he pushed them into his case.他把散乱的文件收拾起来，塞进文件夹里。

10 devastation   

n.毁坏；荒废；极度震惊或悲伤

参考例句：

• The bomb caused widespread devastation. 炸弹造成大面积破坏。
• There was devastation on every side. 到处都是破坏的创伤。 来自《简明英汉词典》

11 defiance   

n.挑战，挑衅，蔑视，违抗

参考例句：

• He climbed the ladder in defiance of the warning.他无视警告爬上了那架梯子。
• He slammed the door in a spirit of defiance.他以挑衅性的态度把门砰地一下关上。

12 belongings   

n.私人物品，私人财物

参考例句：

• I put a few personal belongings in a bag.我把几件私人物品装进包中。
• Your personal belongings are not dutiable.个人物品不用纳税。

13 locker   

n.更衣箱，储物柜，冷藏室，上锁的人

参考例句：

• At the swimming pool I put my clothes in a locker.在游泳池我把衣服锁在小柜里。
• He moved into the locker room and began to slip out of his scrub suit.他走进更衣室把手术服脱下来。

14 poking   

n. 刺，戳，袋 vt. 拨开，刺，戳 vi. 戳，刺，捅，搜索，伸出，行动散慢

参考例句：

• He was poking at the rubbish with his stick. 他正用手杖拨动垃圾。
• He spent his weekends poking around dusty old bookshops. 他周末都泡在布满尘埃的旧书店里。

15 rubble   

n.（一堆）碎石，瓦砾

参考例句：

• After the earthquake,it took months to clean up the rubble.地震后，花了数月才清理完瓦砾。
• After the war many cities were full of rubble.战后许多城市到处可见颓垣残壁。