刘毅词汇 5000 lesson 9

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LESSON 9

1.Assail¹ v.攻击 同:assault
The enemy may assail our defense² positions tomorrow.

2.Barrier n.界线 同:hindrance
Countries can no longer depend on mountain barriers for protection.

3.Burglar n.夜贼 同:thief
A burglar broke into my house last night.

4.Devour³ v.吞灭 同:gulp
The fire devoured⁴ twenty square miles of forest.

5.Dreary⁵ adj.阴沉的 同:gloomy
It was a dreary day, cold and without sunshine.

6.Fling v.投掷 同:cast
Boys like to fling stones into water.

7.Homage⁶ n.尊崇 同:reverence
He bowed in homage to the Unknown Soldier.

8.Inescapable adj.不可避免的 同:unavoidable
Death is inescapable; it comes to everyone.

9.Radical⁷ adj. 1.基本的 同:fundamental 2.极端的
There are radical differences between the two systems.
His ideas are too radical to be acceptable to most people.

10.Shiver v.颤抖 同:quiver
The boys and girls were shivering all over with cold.

11.Sly adj.狡猾的 同:crafty
The sly cat stole the meat while the cook’s back was turned.

12.Stall n.畜舍 同:stable
Each horse was put in a separate stall.

13.Vanquish⁸ v.征服 同:overcome
At first she shivered from her fear but at last she could vanquish it.

14.Clumsy adj.笨拙的 反:skillful
He asked me such a clumsy question that I did not know what to reply.

15.Conservative adj.保守的 反:progressive
Old people are usually more conservative than young people.

16.Exhale⁹ v.呼气 反:inhale
He lit his pipe and exhaled¹⁰ clouds of smoke.

17.Homely¹¹ adj.不漂亮的 反:pretty
I was very disappointed to see her sister; she was a homely girl.

18.Indefinite adj.不确定的 反:definite
“Maybe” or “perhaps” is a very indefinite answer.

19.Obedient adj.顺从的 反:disobedient
The obedient dog quickly responded to his master’s whistle.

20.Precise adj.精确的 反:approximate
He gave a precise account of how much money he had spent.

21.Rational adj.理智的 反:irrational
When people are very angry. They seldom act in a rational way.

22.Rigid¹² adj.严格的 反:mild
In our home it is a rigid rule to wash one’s hands before eating.

23.Timid adj.胆小的 反:bold
A timid child is apt to cry when he sees a strange person.

24.Vertical¹³ adj.垂直的 反:horizontal
A vertical take-off aircraft can rise straight from the ground, without running along for some distance.

25.Wholesome¹⁴ adj.有益的 反:harmful
Such a movie is not wholesome for young children.

26.Abandon v.离弃
He abandoned his wife and went away with all their money.

27.Barbarian¹⁵ n.野蛮人
People who behave like barbarians¹⁶ are not welcome at this hotel.

28.Essence n.精髓；本质
The essence of his religious teaching is love for all men.

29.Harmony n.协调；和睦
My cat and dog never fight; they live together in perfect harmony.

30.Indulge v.放任
He indulged his desire for cigarettes to a harmful extent.

31.Intrude¹⁷ v.侵扰；闯入
I was unwilling¹⁸ to intrude upon them so late at night.

32.Modify v. 1.修改 2.修饰
The company modified the design of the automobile¹⁹ in order to make it more attractive.
In the phrase ”a green hat”, the adjective “green” modifies the noun “hat”.

33.Oppress v.压迫
A good government will not oppress the people.

34.Proficient²⁰ adj.精通的
His mother is very proficient in music.

35.Sequence n.顺序
The books should be arranged in sequence according to author.

36.Suburb n.市郊
They would rather live in the suburbs than in the city.

37.Summary n.摘要
This history book has a summary at the end of each chapter.

38.Vacancy²¹ n.空缺
There are many vacancies²² in the parking lot when the stores are closed.

39.Alley²³ n.巷
The truck was too large to pass through the alley.

40.Apologize v.道歉
I apologized to her for stepping on her foot.

41.Dairy n.牛奶棚
We could see lots of milk products in the dairy.

42.Discern v.辨认
I was not able to discern the road in the dark.

43.Jaw²⁴ n.颚
The meat was so tough that his jaws²⁵ hurt from chewing it.

44.Limp v.跛行
After falling down the stairs, he limped for several days.

45.Pillar n.柱子
The roof of the porch was supported by brick pillars.

46.Potential adj.可能的；潜在的
He is regarded as a potential leader of our political party.

47.Refrigerator n.电冰箱
In summer we have to keep milk and meat in the refrigerator.

48.Skull²⁶ n.头盖骨
He was knocked unconscious by a sudden blow on the skull.

49.Strategy n.战略
Tactics refers to the disposition²⁷ of armed forces in combat whereas strategy refers to the overall plan of a nation at war.

50.Trench²⁸ n.战壕
The soldiers dug trenches²⁹ to protect themselves against enemy fire or attack.

51.Undertake v. 1.担任 2.尝试
I will undertake the responsibility of feeding your dogs while you are away.
He always undertakes more than he can do.

练习：从本期的生词中选出适当的填空。

1.Don’t _____ your clothes on the floor; hang them up.
2.Asudden gust³⁰ of cold wind made us _____.
3.A(An) _____ woman wouldn’t weep just because her husband had forgotten her birthday.
4.The directions he gave us were so _____ that we found our way easily.
5.He does not like his job ,but he is too _____ to try to find another.
6.The industrial revolution _____ the whole structure of English society.
7.In our factory we’ve got a(an) _____ for a metal worker; all the other positions are filled.
8.Please keep the numbered cards in _____; don’t mix them up.
9.When there are many conflicting opinions,it is hard to _____ the truth.
10.His strong square _____ is a sign of his firm character.

答案：
1. fling 2. shiver 3. rational 4.precise 5. timid
6. modified 7.vacancy 8. sequence 9. discern 10. jaw

1 assail   

v.猛烈攻击，抨击，痛斥

参考例句：

• The opposition's newspapers assail the government each day.反对党的报纸每天都对政府进行猛烈抨击。
• We should assist parents not assail them.因此我们应该帮助父母们，而不是指责他们。

2 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

3 devour   

v.吞没；贪婪地注视或谛听，贪读；使着迷

参考例句：

• Larger fish devour the smaller ones.大鱼吃小鱼。
• Beauty is but a flower which wrinkle will devour.美只不过是一朵，终会被皱纹所吞噬。

4 devoured   

吞没( devour的过去式和过去分词 )； 耗尽； 津津有味地看； 狼吞虎咽地吃光

参考例句：

• She devoured everything she could lay her hands on: books, magazines and newspapers. 无论是书、杂志，还是报纸，只要能弄得到，她都看得津津有味。
• The lions devoured a zebra in a short time. 狮子一会儿就吃掉了一匹斑马。

5 dreary   

adj.令人沮丧的，沉闷的，单调乏味的

参考例句：

• They live such dreary lives.他们的生活如此乏味。
• She was tired of hearing the same dreary tale of drunkenness and violence.她听够了那些关于酗酒和暴力的乏味故事。

6 homage   

n.尊敬，敬意，崇敬

参考例句：

• We pay homage to the genius of Shakespeare.我们对莎士比亚的天才表示敬仰。
• The soldiers swore to pay their homage to the Queen.士兵们宣誓效忠于女王陛下。

7 radical   

n.激进份子，原子团，根号；adj.根本的，激进的，彻底的

参考例句：

• The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在医院得到了根治。
• She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。

8 vanquish   

v.征服，战胜；克服；抑制

参考例句：

• He tried to vanquish his fears.他努力克服恐惧心理。
• It is impossible to vanquish so strong an enemy without making an extensive and long-term effort.现在要战胜这样一个强敌，非有长期的广大的努力是不可能的。

9 exhale   

v.呼气，散出，吐出，蒸发

参考例句：

• Sweet odours exhale from flowers.花儿散发出花香。
• Wade exhaled a cloud of smoke and coughed.韦德吐出一口烟，然后咳嗽起来。

10 exhaled   

v.呼出，发散出( exhale的过去式和过去分词 )；吐出（肺中的空气、烟等），呼气

参考例句：

• He sat back and exhaled deeply. 他仰坐着深深地呼气。
• He stamped his feet and exhaled a long, white breath. 跺了跺脚，他吐了口长气，很长很白。 来自汉英文学 - 骆驼祥子

11 homely   

adj.家常的，简朴的；不漂亮的

参考例句：

• We had a homely meal of bread and cheese.我们吃了一顿面包加乳酪的家常便餐。
• Come and have a homely meal with us,will you?来和我们一起吃顿家常便饭，好吗？

12 rigid   

adj.严格的，死板的；刚硬的，僵硬的

参考例句：

• She became as rigid as adamant.她变得如顽石般的固执。
• The examination was so rigid that nearly all aspirants were ruled out.考试很严，几乎所有的考生都被淘汰了。

13 vertical   

adj.垂直的，顶点的，纵向的；n.垂直物，垂直的位置

参考例句：

• The northern side of the mountain is almost vertical.这座山的北坡几乎是垂直的。
• Vertical air motions are not measured by this system.垂直气流的运动不用这种系统来测量。

14 wholesome   

adj.适合；卫生的；有益健康的；显示身心健康的

参考例句：

• In actual fact the things I like doing are mostly wholesome.实际上我喜欢做的事大都是有助于增进身体健康的。
• It is not wholesome to eat without washing your hands.不洗手吃饭是不卫生的。

15 barbarian   

n.野蛮人；adj.野蛮(人)的；未开化的

参考例句：

• There is a barbarian tribe living in this forest.有一个原始部落居住在这个林区。
• The walled city was attacked by barbarian hordes.那座有城墙的城市遭到野蛮部落的袭击。

16 barbarians   

n.野蛮人( barbarian的名词复数 )；外国人；粗野的人；无教养的人

参考例句：

• The ancient city of Rome fell under the iron hooves of the barbarians. 古罗马城在蛮族的铁蹄下沦陷了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• It conquered its conquerors, the barbarians. 它战胜了征服者——蛮族。 来自英汉非文学 - 历史

17 intrude   

vi.闯入；侵入；打扰，侵扰

参考例句：

• I do not want to intrude if you are busy.如果你忙我就不打扰你了。
• I don't want to intrude on your meeting.我不想打扰你们的会议。

18 unwilling   

adj.不情愿的

参考例句：

• The natives were unwilling to be bent by colonial power.土著居民不愿受殖民势力的摆布。
• His tightfisted employer was unwilling to give him a raise.他那吝啬的雇主不肯给他加薪。

19 automobile   

n.汽车，机动车

参考例句：

• He is repairing the brake lever of an automobile.他正在修理汽车的刹车杆。
• The automobile slowed down to go around the curves in the road.汽车在路上转弯时放慢了速度。

20 proficient   

adj.熟练的，精通的；n.能手，专家

参考例句：

• She is proficient at swimming.她精通游泳。
• I think I'm quite proficient in both written and spoken English.我认为我在英语读写方面相当熟练。

21 vacancy   

n.（旅馆的）空位，空房，（职务的）空缺

参考例句：

• Her going on maternity leave will create a temporary vacancy.她休产假时将会有一个临时空缺。
• The vacancy of her expression made me doubt if she was listening.她茫然的神情让我怀疑她是否在听。

22 vacancies   

n.空房间( vacancy的名词复数 )；空虚；空白；空缺

参考例句：

• job vacancies 职位空缺
• The sign outside the motel said \"No Vacancies\". 汽车旅馆外的招牌显示“客满”。 来自《简明英汉词典》

23 alley   

n.小巷，胡同；小径，小路

参考例句：

• We live in the same alley.我们住在同一条小巷里。
• The blind alley ended in a brick wall.这条死胡同的尽头是砖墙。

24 jaw   

n.颚，颌，说教，流言蜚语；v.喋喋不休，教训

参考例句：

• He delivered a right hook to his opponent's jaw.他给了对方下巴一记右钩拳。
• A strong square jaw is a sign of firm character.强健的方下巴是刚毅性格的标志。

25 jaws   

n.口部；嘴

参考例句：

• The antelope could not escape the crocodile's gaping jaws. 那只羚羊无法从鱷鱼张开的大口中逃脱。
• The scored jaws of a vise help it bite the work. 台钳上有刻痕的虎钳牙帮助它紧咬住工件。

26 skull   

n.头骨；颅骨

参考例句：

• The skull bones fuse between the ages of fifteen and twenty-five.头骨在15至25岁之间长合。
• He fell out of the window and cracked his skull.他从窗子摔了出去，跌裂了颅骨。

27 disposition   

n.性情，性格；意向，倾向；排列，部署

参考例句：

• He has made a good disposition of his property.他已对财产作了妥善处理。
• He has a cheerful disposition.他性情开朗。

28 trench   

n./v.(挖)沟，(挖)战壕

参考例句：

• The soldiers recaptured their trench.兵士夺回了战壕。
• The troops received orders to trench the outpost.部队接到命令在前哨周围筑壕加强防卫。

29 trenches   

深沟，地沟( trench的名词复数 )； 战壕

参考例句：

• life in the trenches 第一次世界大战期间的战壕生活
• The troops stormed the enemy's trenches and fanned out across the fields. 部队猛攻敌人的战壕，并在田野上呈扇形散开。

30 gust   

n.阵风，突然一阵（雨、烟等），（感情的）迸发

参考例句：

• A gust of wind blew the front door shut.一阵大风吹来，把前门关上了。
• A gust of happiness swept through her.一股幸福的暖流流遍她的全身。