TED演讲:货币的未来(6)

 Cryptocurrencies are based on a special field of mathematics called cryptography. 加密货币是基于一种特殊的数学算法，称为密码学。

Cryptography is the study of how to secure communication, and it's about two really important things: 密码学是一门关于保障通信安全的学科，其中有两件特别重要的事：

masking information so it can be hidden in plain sight, and verifying a piece of information's source. 为信息加密，使之能隐藏在简单的形式下；核实一小部分的信息来源。

Cryptography underpins¹ so many of the systems around us.  密码学是存在于我们周围很多系统的基础。

And it's so powerful that at times the US government has actually classified it as a weapon. 由于密码学是如此的有用，美国政府甚至把它列为一种武器。

During World War II, breaking cryptosystems like Enigma² was critical to decoding³ enemy transmissions and turning the tide of the war. 在二战时期，破译类似恩尼格码的密码在解译敌方通信中起着至关重要的作用，甚至改变了战争的大潮。

Today, anyone with a modern web browser⁴ is running a pretty sophisticated cryptosystem. 如今，任何人都在用的浏览器，也是由一套复杂的密码系统支持运行的。

It's what we use to secure our interactions on the Internet. 它保障了我们在使用网络时的安全性。

It's what makes it safe for us to type our passwords in and to send financial information to websites. 在输入密码以及发送金融信息时，它也能保障我们的安全。

So what the banks used to give us -- trustworthy digital money transfer 那我们熟知的银行提供了什么服务呢--可靠的数字货币交易

we can now get with a clever application of cryptography.  当密码学投入使用后。

And this means that we don't have to rely on the banks anymore to secure our transactions.  这意味着我们不再需要依赖于银行去确保我们交易的安全性，

We can do it ourselves. 我们自己也可以保障我们的交易安全。

Bitcoin is based on the very same idea that the Yap used, this collective global knowledge of transfers. 比特币的概念和雅浦币类似，全球交易认知的集合。

In Bitcoin, I spend by transferring Bitcoin, and I get paid when someone transfers Bitcoin to me. 在比特币世界里，我花费的是比特币，收入也以比特币的形式获得。

1 underpins   

n.基础材料( underpin的名词复数 )；基础结构；（学说、理论等的）基础；（人的）腿v.用砖石结构等从下面支撑（墙等）( underpin的第三人称单数 )；加固（墙等）的基础；为（论据、主张等）打下基础；加强

参考例句：

• A powerful sense of mission underpins everything he does. 一种强烈的使命感支撑他所做的一切。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• His presence at the crime underpins the case against him. 案子发生时他在场对他更不利。 来自辞典例句

2 enigma   

n.谜，谜一样的人或事

参考例句：

• I've known him for many years,but he remains something of an enigma to me.我与他相识多年，他仍然难以捉摸。
• Even after all the testimonies,the murder remained a enigma.即使听完了所有的证词，这件谋杀案仍然是一个谜。

3 decoding   

n.译码，解码v.译（码），解（码）( decode的现在分词 )；分析及译解电子信号

参考例句：

• We cannot add any other memory to this system without further decoding. 如果不增加译码，就不能使系统的存贮容量有任何扩展。 来自辞典例句
• Examples using the 8250 will be presented in hardware section to clarify full-decoding schemes. 在硬件一节中有应用说明全译码方案8250的例子。 来自辞典例句

4 browser   

n.浏览者

参考例句：

• View edits in a web browser.在浏览器中看编辑的效果。
• I think my browser has a list of shareware links.我想在浏览器中会有一系列的共享软件链接。