TED演讲:为什么好的黑客可以塑造好的公民(2)

 　　Now the site itself was easy enough to build,  网站本身是容易建成的，

　　but the team was faced with the challenge of how they populate all of the content.  但团队面临的挑战是 他们如何填充所有内容。

　　It would have taken the three of them a very long time,  这将会占用他们三个人 很长的时间，

　　especially given that none of them are actually from Honolulu.  特别是在他们都不是，檀香山本地人的情况下。

　　And so they did something that's really radical¹, when you think about how government is used to working.  所以他们做了一件真的很前卫的事， 之所以这么讲，是因为 要他们颠覆了人们关于政府该如何运作的想象

　　They asked citizens to write the content.  他们要求公民自己书写内容。

　　So you've heard of a hack²-a-thon.  你应该听说过“编程马拉松” (hack-a-thon)。

　　They held a write-a-thon, where on one Saturday afternoon 他们举行了“书写马拉松” (write-a-thon)， 在某个星期六的下午 --

　　Wild pigs are a huge problem in Honolulu, apparently³.  在檀香山，野猪显然是个大问题。

　　In one Saturday afternoon, they were able to populate most of the content 在星期六的下午， 他们能够书写填充大部分内容

　　for most of the frequently asked questions, but more importantly than that, 以解答大多数的常见问题， 但比这更重要的是，

　　they created a new way for citizens to participate in their government. 他们创造了公民参与政府互动的新途径。

　　Now, I think this is a really cool story in and of itself, but it gets more awesome⁴.  我觉得这本身就是一个很酷的故事， 它变得越来越棒。

　　On the National Day of Civic⁵ Hacking⁶ this past June in Oakland, where I live,  今年的公民黑客日 在六月时，在我居住的奥克兰举办，

　　the Code For America team in Oakland took the open source code base of Honolulu Answers  “为美国编程”团队在奥克兰 采取了开放“檀香山答案”源码的代码

　　and turned it into Oakland Answers, and again we held a write-a-thon 并把它变成了“奥克兰答案”， 于是我们再次举行“书写马拉松”，

　　where we took the most frequently asked questions  我们收集了最常见的问题，

　　and had citizens write the answers to them, and I got into the act. 并号召市民做出解答， 随后我开始行动。

　　I authored this answer, and a few others. 我和其他几个人创作了这个答案。

　　And I'm trying to this day to articulate the sense of empowerment and responsibility 这一天我试图感觉到 我对所生活居住的城市

　　that I feel for the place that I live based simply on this small act of participation⁷.  有被赋予权力和责任的滋味， 这样的感受只是基于，参与活动这件这小小的举动。

　　And by stitching together my small act with the thousands of other small acts of participation  把我的小小行动和 成千上万人参与的，小小行动加在一起

　　that we're enabling through civic hacking, we think we can reenergize citizenship⁸ and restore trust in government.  我们就有能力通过公民黑客行为， 重振公民权利， 并且恢复对政府的信任。

　　At this point, you may be wondering what city officials think of all this. 此时，你可能会想 市政公务人员会如何看待这一切。

　　They actually love it.  他们很喜欢。

　　As most of you guys know, cities are being asked every day to do more with less, 你们中大部分人知道， 人们每天期待着，城市能花小钱办大事，

　　and they're always looking for innovative⁹ solutions to entrenched¹⁰ problems.  他们一直在寻找，创新的解决方案 来处理这根深蒂固的问题。

　　So when you give citizens a way to participate  所以，当你给予公民参与的路径

　　beyond attending a town hall meeting, cities can actually capture the capacity in their communities to do the business of government.  除了出席市政厅会议以外的路径， 城市实际上可以汲取 居住在这里的社群的能力 来为政府出谋划策。

　　Now I don't want to leave the impression that civic hacking is just an American phenomenon.  我不想留下这样的印象 公民黑客只是美国才会出现的现象。

　　It's happening across the globe, and one of my favorite examples  在全球其他地区也在发生着， 我最喜欢的例子之一

　　is from Mexico City, where earlier this year, the Mexico House of Representatives  是墨西哥城，今年年初， 墨西哥众议院的代表

　　entered into a contract with a software development firm to build an app that legislators would use to track bills.  与一个软件开发公司签订了合同， 要建立一个应用程序， 使议员能够用来跟进条例草案。

　　So this was just for the handful of legislators in the House.  这只是为少数几个 在众议院的议员。

　　And the contract was a two-year contract for 9.3 million dollars.  合同为期两年, 数额为930万美金。

　　Now a lot of people were really angry about this,  很多人都对这件事表示很生气，

　　especially geeks who knew that 9.3 million dollars was an absolutely outrageous¹¹ amount of money for what was a very simple app.  930 特别是程序员们知道， 要写这样一个非常简单的应用程序 万绝对是夸张到令人愤慨的高昂报价。

　　But instead of taking to the streets, they issued a challenge.  但他们没有走上街头抗议， 而是发出了挑战。

　　They asked programmers in Mexico to build something better and cheaper, 他们要求在墨西哥的程序员们 创建出更好且更便宜的程序，

　　and they offered a prize of 9,300 dollars 他们提供的奖金是 9300美元 --

　　10,000 times cheaper  比政府合同

　　than the government contract,  便宜一万倍，

　　and they gave the entrants 10 days.  他们给参赛者10天时间。

　　And in those 10 days,  在那十天里，

　　they submitted 173 apps,  参赛者共提交了173个应用程序，

　　five of which were presented to Congress  其中五个被筛选出来送往议会，

　　and are still in the app store today. 目前仍然能够在苹果在线商店看到它们。

　　And because of this action, that contract was vacated, 因为这一行动， 该合同被撤销了，

　　and now this has sparked a movement in Mexico City  在墨西哥城，现在，这行动引发了一场运动，

　　which is home to one of our partners, Code for Mexico City. 这是我们另一个伙伴的故事， “为墨西哥城编程”。

　　And so what you see in all three of these places, in Honolulu and in Oakland and in Mexico City,  你在这三个地方可以看到的是， 它们是檀香山，奥克兰和墨西哥城，

　　are the elements that are at the core of civic hacking. 公民黑客核心要素的组成部分。

　　It's citizens who saw things that could be working better and they decided¹² to fix them, 公民看到可改进的地方 于是决定要修复它们，

　　and through that work, they're creating a 21st-century ecosystem¹³ of participation.  通过这项工作，他们正在创建 参与政务的21世纪生态系统。

　　They're creating a whole new set of ways for citizens to be involved,  他们正在创建一套全新的方法 让公民参与，

　　besides voting or signing a petition or protesting.  除了投票、签署请愿书，或抗议之外的政治参与行动，

　　They can actually build government.  实际上，他们可以建立政府。

　　So back to our friend Ben Franklin,  所以回到我们的朋友，本杰明·富兰克林，

　　who, one of his lesser-known accomplishments¹⁴ was that in 1736 he founded  他不那么鲜为人知的成就之一 就是于1736年，他在费城创立了

　　the first volunteer firefighting company in Philadelphia, called a brigade.  第一个志愿性的消防公司， 叫作“消防小分队“。

　　And it's because he and his friends noticed that the city was having trouble keeping up  这是因为他和他的朋友们注意到 城市所遇到的麻烦

　　with all the fires that were happening in the city, 通常与在城市内着火有关，

　　so in true civic hacker¹⁵ fashion,  正是因为他们有公民黑客的潜质才能这样做，

　　they built a solution.  他们建立了一个解决方案。

　　And we have our own brigades at Code for America 我们在“为美国编程”组织内也有自己的旅

　　working on the projects that I've just described, 从事我刚才所描述的工作，

　　and we want to ask you  我们希望你

　　to follow in Ben Franklin's footsteps 能够跟随本杰明·富兰克林的脚步，

　　and come join us.  来加入我们。

　　We have 31 brigades in the U.S. 我们在美国有31个旅，

　　We are pleased to announce today  今天我们很高兴地宣布

　　that we're opening up the brigade to international cities  我们的“小分队”要向国际城市开放

　　for the first time,  这是第一次发生的事，

　　starting with cities in Poland and Japan and Ireland. 我们开始与波兰、日本，还有爱尔兰等城市合作，

　　You can find out if there's a brigade where you live  你可以在 brigade.codeforamerica.org这网页

　　at brigade.codeforamerica.org,  找出在你居住的地方是否有一个旅，

　　and if there's not a brigade where you live, we will help you.  如果你居住的地方没有旅，我们将帮助你，

　　We've created a tool kit¹⁶ which also lives  我们已经创建了一个工具包，也可以在

　　at brigade.codeforamerica.org, brigade.codeforamerica.org  这网站上找到，

　　and we will support you along the way.  我们会支持你一路向前。

　　Our goal is to create a global network of civic hackers  我们的目标是创建，一个公民黑客的全球网络，

　　who are innovating¹⁷ on the existing system  其中聚合所有试图，在现有系统上做出创新的人，

　　in order to build tools that will solve  为了生成能够解决

　　entrenched problems,  根深蒂固的问题的工具，

　　that will support local government,  能够用于帮助地方政府，

　　and that will empower citizens.  能够用于提高公民被赋予的力量。

　　So please come hack with us. 所以请来和我们一起当黑客。

　　Thank you.  谢谢。

1 radical   

n.激进份子，原子团，根号；adj.根本的，激进的，彻底的

参考例句：

• The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在医院得到了根治。
• She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。

2 hack   

n.劈，砍，出租马车；v.劈，砍，干咳

参考例句：

• He made a hack at the log.他朝圆木上砍了一下。
• Early settlers had to hack out a clearing in the forest where they could grow crops.早期移民不得不在森林里劈出空地种庄稼。

3 apparently   

adv.显然地；表面上，似乎

参考例句：

• An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽，豁然开朗。
• He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。

4 awesome   

adj.令人惊叹的，难得吓人的，很好的

参考例句：

• The church in Ireland has always exercised an awesome power.爱尔兰的教堂一直掌握着令人敬畏的权力。
• That new white convertible is totally awesome.那辆新的白色折篷汽车简直棒极了.

5 civic   

adj.城市的，都市的，市民的，公民的

参考例句：

• I feel it is my civic duty to vote.我认为投票选举是我作为公民的义务。
• The civic leaders helped to forward the project.市政府领导者协助促进工程的进展。

6 hacking   

n.非法访问计算机系统和数据库的活动

参考例句：

• The patient with emphysema is hacking all day. 这个肺气肿病人整天不断地干咳。
• We undertook the task of hacking our way through the jungle. 我们负责在丛林中开路。

7 participation   

n.参与，参加，分享

参考例句：

• Some of the magic tricks called for audience participation.有些魔术要求有观众的参与。
• The scheme aims to encourage increased participation in sporting activities.这个方案旨在鼓励大众更多地参与体育活动。

8 citizenship   

n.市民权，公民权，国民的义务(身份)

参考例句：

• He was born in Sweden,but he doesn't have Swedish citizenship.他在瑞典出生，但没有瑞典公民身分。
• Ten years later,she chose to take Australian citizenship.十年后，她选择了澳大利亚国籍。

9 innovative   

adj.革新的，新颖的，富有革新精神的

参考例句：

• Discover an innovative way of marketing.发现一个创新的营销方式。
• He was one of the most creative and innovative engineers of his generation.他是他那代人当中最富创造性与革新精神的工程师之一。

10 entrenched   

adj.确立的，不容易改的(风俗习惯)

参考例句：

• Television seems to be firmly entrenched as the number one medium for national advertising.电视看来要在全国广告媒介中牢固地占据头等位置。
• If the enemy dares to attack us in these entrenched positions,we will make short work of them.如果敌人胆敢进攻我们固守的阵地，我们就消灭他们。

11 outrageous   

adj.无理的，令人不能容忍的

参考例句：

• Her outrageous behaviour at the party offended everyone.她在聚会上的无礼行为触怒了每一个人。
• Charges for local telephone calls are particularly outrageous.本地电话资费贵得出奇。

12 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

13 ecosystem   

n.生态系统

参考例句：

• This destroyed the ecosystem of the island.这样破坏了岛上的生态系统。
• We all have an interest in maintaining the integrity of the ecosystem.维持生态系统的完整是我们共同的利益。

14 accomplishments   

n.造诣；完成( accomplishment的名词复数 )；技能；成绩；成就

参考例句：

• It was one of the President's greatest accomplishments. 那是总统最伟大的成就之一。
• Among her accomplishments were sewing,cooking,playing the piano and dancing. 她的才能包括缝纫、烹调、弹钢琴和跳舞。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

15 hacker   

n.能盗用或偷改电脑中信息的人，电脑黑客

参考例句：

• The computer hacker wrote that he was from Russia.这个计算机黑客自称他来自俄罗斯。
• This site was attacked by a hacker last week.上周这个网站被黑客攻击了。

16 kit   

n.用具包，成套工具；随身携带物

参考例句：

• The kit consisted of about twenty cosmetic items.整套工具包括大约20种化妆用品。
• The captain wants to inspect your kit.船长想检查你的行装。

17 innovating   

v.改革，创新( innovate的现在分词 )；引入（新事物、思想或方法），

参考例句：

• In this new century, the company keeps innovating and developing new products. 新世纪伊始，公司全面实施形象工程及整合营销，不断改革创新，开发高新产品。 来自互联网
• Beijing is backward most prime cause is innovating at system lack. 北京落后的最根本原因在于制度缺乏创新。 来自互联网