背诵为王 第 一 册 第 71 课

  71 Computer Chess

 

In May 1997, IBM's supercomputer, called Deep¹ Blue, beat² Gary Kasparov, the great chess player⁴ from Russia⁵, in New York. This was⁶ the first time a supercomputer had⁷ ever⁸ beaten⁹ a man in traditional¹⁰ chess, although¹¹ men had often lost to computers when playing speed¹² chess. In traditional chess, players¹³ have as³ much time as they want for their moves, but in speed chess their time is limited¹⁴.

The IBM computer is able¹⁵ to know between two and three million¹⁶ chess positions¹⁸ every second. It can make 100 billion¹⁹ moves in the time it takes a man to make one.

The first time Kasparov played Deep Blue was in Philadelphia in 1996. Kasparov won²⁰ that first match. In May 1997 there was a match again, and Deep Blue won. Deep Blue got²¹ $700,000 for the game, and Kasparov took²² home $400,000. Now Kasparov wants to play a third match to decide²³ who is the best player, but IBM says that Deep Blue has "retired²⁴?

 

supercomputer 超级计算机  traditional 传统的  move 一步棋

position¹⁷ 位置，方位  billion 十亿  retire²⁵ 退休

 

计算机弈棋

 

1997年5月，IBM的超级计算机“深蓝”在纽约击败了俄罗斯伟大的国际象棋大师卡斯帕罗夫。虽然下快棋时人们经常输给计算机，但这是超级计算机在传统棋类上第一次击败人类。在下传统棋时，棋手有足够的时间考虑再出棋，而下快棋时思考时间是有限的。IBM的计算机每秒可以计算200万到300万手棋，可以在人走一步棋所需的时间里走1 000亿步棋。  1996年，卡斯帕罗夫在费城第一次与“深蓝”交手，卡斯帕罗夫赢得了比赛。1997年5月，他们又进行了一次比赛，这次“深蓝”赢了。从这场比赛中“深蓝”赢得了70万美元的奖金，而卡斯帕罗夫也将40万美元收至囊中。现在卡斯帕罗夫想进行第三次比赛来看谁才是最好的棋手，而IBM说“深蓝”已经退休了。

 

 

1 deep   

adj.深的，深长的；深奥的；强烈；adv.深，迟

参考例句：

• The sky is deep blue.天空是深蓝色的。
• We talked deep into the night.我们谈至深夜。

2 beat   

n.打，敲打声，拍子；v.打，打败

参考例句：

• You can fight him,but can you beat him?你可以打他，但是你能击败他吗？
• The dry grass caught fire, but we beat it out.干草着火了，但我们将它扑灭了。

3 as   

conj.按照；如同

参考例句：

• He got work in a hotel as a waiter.他在一家旅馆找到了当服务生的工作。
• In the hotel,the old men were drinking away as usual.在旅馆里，这些老人和往常一样喝个不停。

4 player   

n.运动员，做游戏的人，选手，队员，比赛者；演员，演奏者，自动演奏装置，戏子

参考例句：

• She is our best player.她是我们最好的运动员。
• He is quite a good player.他是一个满不错的选手。

5 Russia   

n.俄罗斯，俄国

参考例句：

• During his summer vacation he visited Russia.暑假期间他去俄罗斯了。
• America and Russia are great powers.美国和俄国是两大强国。

6 was   

v.(is,am的过去式)是，在

参考例句：

• He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
• He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。

7 had   

vbl.have的过去式和过去分词；conj.有

参考例句：

• I just had a good idea!我有个好主意！
• The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。

8 ever   

adv.曾经；永远；不断地；在任何时候；究竟

参考例句：

• Have you ever been to hangzhou?你曾经去过杭州吗？
• I will be young and strong and beautiful for ever.我将永远年轻、强壮，永远漂亮。

9 beaten   

adj.被打败的；锤薄的；耗损的，常走的；筋疲力尽的v.（心脏等）跳动( beat的过去分词)；击打；（风、雨等）吹打

参考例句：

• They were comprehensively beaten in the final. 他们在决赛中一败涂地。
• She was often beaten by her drunken husband. 她常常遭到酗酒丈夫的毒打。

10 traditional   

adj.传统的，惯例的

参考例句：

• I prefer traditional chinese music.我更喜欢传统的中国音乐。
• My mother is a traditional woman.我母亲是位传统的女人。

11 although   

conj（=though）虽然，即使，纵然，尽管

参考例句：

• Although my car is very old,It'still runs very well.我的汽车虽然很旧，但仍然跑得很快。
• Although he worked hard,he failed in the exam.虽然他很努力，但他考试没有及格。

12 speed   

vt./vi（sped,sped,speeded,speeded）加快；飞跑；n.速度

参考例句：

• The car was running at high speed.汽车急速地向前行驶。
• We'll never get there if he doesn't speed up. 如果他不快些走，我们一定到不了那里。

13 players   

n.演员( player的名词复数 )；演奏者；（商业或政治方面的）参与者；游戏者

参考例句：

• one of the all-time great players 历来最杰出的选手之一
• The choice of players for the team seemed completely arbitrary. 看来这个队的队员完全是随意选定的。

14 limited   

adj.有限制的，有限的，少的；n.高级快车

参考例句：

• He limited each person to one cup of tea.他限制每人只喝一杯茶。
• Since time is limited,I'll have to stop here.由于时间关系，就谈到这里吧。

15 able   

adj.能...的，有才能的，能干的，能够的

参考例句：

• How good and able he is!瞧他多能干啊！
• He is able to do this job well.他有能力做好这件工作。

16 million   

num.百万，100万；n.无数，大众

参考例句：

• I've seen it a million times.我在书上看过无数遍了。
• What will you do if you had a million dollars?如果你有一百万美元，你会干什么？

17 position   

n.位置，职位；状态，立场；vt.安置，决定...的位置

参考例句：

• He is the only possible man for the position.他是担任该职务的惟一合适人选。
• You don't understand what a difficult position I'm in.你不会明白我的处境多么困难。

18 positions   

职位( position的名词复数 )； 地位； 阵地； 状态

参考例句：

• He elevated many of his friends to powerful positions within the government. 他将许多朋友都提拔到政府部门的要职上。
• Women are still something of a rarity in senior positions in business. 在商界位居高职的妇女仍然十分罕见。

19 billion   

num.十亿；数以十亿计；大量；一万亿

参考例句：

• A billion is a large number.十亿是个大数目。
• They've spent nearly a billion dollars on it already.他们已经在那上面花了近10亿美元。

20 won   

vt.赢得(为win的过去式)

参考例句：

• We won the game in the end.我们最终赢得了比赛。
• We won the football game.我们赢得了足球赛的胜利。

21 got   

v.(get的过去式)得到，猜到，明白

参考例句：

• I just got some bad news.我刚得到一些坏消息。
• I have got far too much work to do.我要做的事太多了。

22 took   

vt.带，载(take的过去式)

参考例句：

• I took my dog for a walk along the river.我带着狗沿那条河散步。
• It took me about two hours to cook the meat.我花了大约两个小时来煮这些肉。

23 decide   

vi./vt.决定；下决心

参考例句：

• It's a difficult question to decide.这是个难以决定的问题。
• I can't decide which to choose.我无法决定要选哪一个。

24 retired   

adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的

参考例句：

• The old man retired to the country for rest.这位老人下乡休息去了。
• Many retired people take up gardening as a hobby.许多退休的人都以从事园艺为嗜好。

25 retire   

vi.引退，退役，退休，退隐，退去，撤退，退却，离开；vt.撤退，辞退；n.隐居，撤退号

参考例句：

• Next year his father will retire and take things easy.明年他父亲就要退休而过闲适的生活了。
• When I retire,I shall make my home in the country.退休后我将在乡间安家。