常春藤解析英语【25】You're Into What? 恋物癖

You're Into What?　恋物癖

by Marcus Maurice

During the Tang Dynasty, girls as young as five had bandages wrappedund their feet to inhibit¹ the growth to no longer than six inches. _(1)_ Later in their lives, women who had endured foot binding² suffered from terrible infections or were unable to walk even short distances. Women with bound feet wore lotus shoes. These delicate shoes were embroidered⁴ by the woman and attested⁶ to the smallness of her feet. Many men became fascinated with these small-footed women. _(2)_

Fetishes have been around forever. However, it wasn't until the late 1800s that it was identified and named. _(3)_ Since then, people who have serious fetishes for strange things have been thought of as mentally ill. Most people with fetishes believe they have had them since they could remember, but some can trace it back to a certain date or event. Psychologists have varying theories about why some people develop fetishes, _(4)_.

To treat people with severe fetishes, doctors use cognitive⁷ therapy and psychoanalysis. The former focuses on suppressing the patient's present-day desires, _(5)_. Prescription⁸ drugs that limit the amount of testosterone in males and estrogen in females also help. These medications enable patients to ignore their fetish and regain⁹ control of their lives.

Fetishes are normal as long as they don't cross the line. When it rules a person's life and puts others in danger, professional help is the answer.

(A) As a result, bound feet and lotus shoes became a fetish for some men.
(B) while the latter tries to figure out what caused the problem during childhood
(C) In 1877, French psychologist Alfred Binet introduced the word fetish to the world meaning admiration¹⁰ of an inanimate object.
(D) but most believe that imprinting¹², an event during childhood that has stayed in the mind, is to blame
(E) This barbaric process became popular all over China because people believed that the smaller the foot, the more beautiful the girl.

1.第一题空格应选 (E)
理由:
a.空格前提到唐朝时，女孩子五岁时就要开始缠足，以抑制其生长，因此推测空格内应该继续说明缠足对当时社会的意义。
b.选项(E)说这种野蛮行为风行全中国，因为人们相信脚越小的女孩越漂亮，符合上述推论。而且空格前的 girls...had bandages wrapped around their feet to inhibit the growth（女孩……缠足以抑制其生长）与选项中的 the smaller the foot, the more beautiful the girl（脚越小的女孩越漂亮）形成关联，可知为正选。

大补丸:
a. barbaric a. 野蛮的
b. the + 比较级形容词∕副词..., the + 比较级形容词∕副词...　　 愈……，就愈……
例: The bigger the house is, the more time it takes to clean.
（房子越大，就得花越长的时间打扫。）

2.第二题空格应选 (A)
理由:
a.空格前提到缠足的女子穿着莲花鞋（lotus shoes），许多男性对这些裹小脚的女子（small-footed women）十分迷恋，因此空格内应该继续说明这个现象或进一步的发展。
b.选项 (A) 说小脚（bound feet）和莲花鞋（lotus
shoes）因此成为某些男性迷恋的对象，符合上述推论，故选之。

大补丸:
a.as a result　　结果，因此
例: She's overweight. As a result, her health is poor and her love life is in trouble.
（她的体重过重；结果，她的健康出现问题，感情生活也亮起红灯。）
b.bound a. 被束缚的（bind 的过去分词作形容词用）
c.lotus n. 莲花
d.fetish n. 恋物；迷恋的物品

3.第三题空格应选 (C)
理由:
a.空格前提到恋物行为一直都存在，但一直到十九世纪末期才被命名，由此推论，空格内应该填入关于这个专有名词是由谁发现或创造出来的。
b.选项(C)说一位法国心理医师在1877年首创『恋物癖』这个字，意思是对无生命物体的爱恋，与上述推论吻合，故选之。

大补丸:
a.psychologist n.心理学家
b.introduce A to B将 A 引进∕介绍给 B
例: Our teacher introduced the new student to the class on the first day of school.
（我们老师在开学第一天介绍新同学给班上认识。）
c.admiration n. 爱慕
d.inanimate a. 无生命的

4.第四题空格应选 (D)
理由:
a.空格前提到心理学家对恋物癖有众多理论，推测空格内应与这些理论有关，而且空格前有逗点，可知应置入开头小写的选项。
b.选项(D)提到，大多数心理学家相信孩提时期的铭印现象是造成此癖好的原因，上下文语意通顺，且选项以对等连接词 but 开头，与上一句形成完整的句子，文法及语意皆正确，故选之。

大补丸:
a.imprinting n.铭印现象 imprint¹¹ vt.铭记在心
例: The memories imprinted¹³ on the abused child's mind are almost impossible to erase¹⁴.
（那些铭记在受虐儿心中的记忆几乎无法抹灭。）
b.sb/sth is to blame　　某人∕某物该负责
例: Tim's homesickness is to blame for his poor academic performance.
（提姆的思乡病是他功课不好的主因。）

5.第五题空格应选 (B)
理由:
a.空格前提到医师会用认知疗法和心理分析治疗有严重恋物癖的人。前者着重于压制患者目前的欲望，推测空格内应该与心理分析有关，而且空格前有逗点，可知应置入开头小写的选项。
b.选项 (B)以while the latter（而后者）开头，提到后者试着找出导致此现象的儿时事件，符合上述推论，且 "the former...the latter..." 形成固定用法，故为正选。

大补丸:
a.the former...the latter...　　前者……后者……
例: Lucy and Lisa are twins. The former is friendly, while the latter is mean.
（露西和莉莎是双胞胎。前者很友善，后者却很恶毒。）
b.figure out...　　理解……；找出……
例: The detective was hired to figure out who Mary's husband was having an affair with.
（那名侦探被雇用来找出玛莉丈夫的外遇对象。）

精解字词词组

1. be into...　热爱……
例: Jimmy is into traveling and takes at least one vacation per year.
（吉米热爱旅游，他每年至少会渡一次假。）

2. inhibit vt. 抑制，约束
inhibit sb from V-ing　　抑制某人做……
例: The disease inhibited¹⁵ Willy from walking normally.
（这个疾病使威利无法正常行走。）

3. suffer from...　受……之苦；罹患……疾病
例: During the spring, I suffer from horrible allergies¹⁶ that make my entire head feel like a brick.
（每到春天我就饱受严重的过敏之苦，整个头像装了砖头一样重。）

4. attest⁵ to...　证明……；作为……的证据
例: This bonus attests¹⁷ to the fact that you're a valuable member of our staff.
（这笔奖金证实你是一名有价值的员工。）

5. identify vt. 识别；认出
例: The police hope that the victims will identify the attacker.
（警方希望受害人能出面指认攻击者。）

6. track sth back to + 时间　　追溯……到……
例: We can track the tradition back to the Han Dynasty.
（这项传统可以追溯到汉朝。）

7. suppress vt. 压抑；压制
例: The government wanted to suppress publication of the investigation¹⁸ results.
（政府想压制那项调查结果的公布。）

8. cross the line跨越界线
例: You've crossed the line this time and there's no way you'll get her to marry you.
（你这次真的太过分，她不可能嫁给你了。）

单字小铺

1. bandage n. 绷带
2. wrap vt. 包，裹
3. foot binding n. 缠足的行为
4. infection n. 感染
5. embroider³ vt. 刺绣
6. mentally adv. 心智上，精神上
7. varying a. 各式各样的
8. cognitive a. 认知的
9. psychoanalysis n. 精神分析
10. present-day a. 现今的
11. prescription n. 处方
12. testosterone n. 睪酮，睪丸素（一种男性荷尔蒙）
13. estrogen n. 雌激素

词组小铺

1. have been around (for + 一段时间)　已经存在（……一段时间）
2. enable sb to V　　使某人得以（做）……
3. put sb in danger　　使某人陷于危险

中文翻译＆标准答案

唐朝时，女孩子从五岁开始就要用布缠脚，以抑制其生长超过六吋。这种野蛮行为风行全中国，因为人们相信脚越小的女孩越漂亮。这些忍受缠足之苦的女孩长大后，都会有严重感染、或无法走太远的问题。缠足的女子穿着莲花鞋。这些由女人自己刺绣的精美鞋子验证了她的小脚。许多男性对这些裹小脚的女子十分迷恋。因此，小脚和莲花鞋成了一些男性迷恋的对象。

恋物行为一直都存在，不过，一直到十九世纪末期才被给予定义并命名。1877年，法国心理学家艾佛德‧比奈首创『恋物癖』这个字，意思是对无生命物体的爱恋。从那时候开始，对奇怪事物有着严重迷恋的人都被视为精神疾病患者。大多数有恋物倾向的人相信自己有记忆以来就是如此，但有些人则可以追溯到特定的日子或事件。心理学家对恋物癖的原因有众多理论，但大多数相信，孩提时期某个事件一直存在脑海中的铭印现象是造成此癖好的原因。

医师会运用认知疗法和心理分析来治疗有严重恋物癖的患者。前者着重于压抑患者目前的欲望，而后者试着找出导致此癖好的儿时事件。抑制男性睪酮和女性雌激素分泌量的处方药也有帮助。这些药物可以让患者忘却自己的恋物癖，重新掌控自己的生活。

只要不超越界线，恋物癖就算正常。但若已主宰个人的生活并让他人陷入危险时，就该寻求专业的协助。

标准答案: 1. (E)　2. (A)　3. (C)　4. (D)　5. (B)
 

1 inhibit   

vt.阻止，妨碍，抑制

参考例句：

• Don't let ego and greed inhibit clear thinking and hard work.不要让自我和贪婪妨碍清晰的思维和刻苦的工作。
• They passed a law to inhibit people from parking in the street.他们通过一项法令以阻止人们在街上停车。

2 binding   

有约束力的，有效的，应遵守的

参考例句：

• The contract was not signed and has no binding force. 合同没有签署因而没有约束力。
• Both sides have agreed that the arbitration will be binding. 双方都赞同仲裁具有约束力。

3 embroider   

v.刺绣于(布)上；给…添枝加叶，润饰

参考例句：

• The editor would take a theme and embroider upon it with drollery.编辑会将一篇文章，以调侃式的幽默笔调加以渲染。
• She wants to embroider a coverlet with flowers and birds.她想给床罩绣上花鸟。

4 embroidered   

adj．绣花的

参考例句：

• She embroidered flowers on the cushion covers. 她在这些靠垫套上绣了花。
• She embroidered flowers on the front of the dress. 她在连衣裙的正面绣花。

5 attest   

vt.证明，证实；表明

参考例句：

• I can attest to the absolute truth of his statement. 我可以证实他的话是千真万确的。
• These ruins sufficiently attest the former grandeur of the place. 这些遗迹充分证明此处昔日的宏伟。

6 attested   

adj.经检验证明无病的，经检验证明无菌的v.证明( attest的过去式和过去分词 )；证实；声称…属实；使宣誓

参考例句：

• The handwriting expert attested to the genuineness of the signature. 笔迹专家作证该签名无讹。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• Witnesses attested his account. 几名证人都证实了他的陈述是真实的。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 cognitive   

adj.认知的，认识的，有感知的

参考例句：

• As children grow older,their cognitive processes become sharper.孩子们越长越大，他们的认知过程变得更为敏锐。
• The cognitive psychologist is like the tinker who wants to know how a clock works.认知心理学者倒很像一个需要通晓钟表如何运转的钟表修理匠。

8 prescription   

n.处方，开药；指示，规定

参考例句：

• The physician made a prescription against sea- sickness for him.医生给他开了个治晕船的药方。
• The drug is available on prescription only.这种药只能凭处方购买。

9 regain   

vt.重新获得，收复，恢复

参考例句：

• He is making a bid to regain his World No.1 ranking.他正为重登世界排名第一位而努力。
• The government is desperate to regain credibility with the public.政府急于重新获取公众的信任。

10 admiration   

n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕

参考例句：

• He was lost in admiration of the beauty of the scene.他对风景之美赞不绝口。
• We have a great admiration for the gold medalists.我们对金牌获得者极为敬佩。

11 imprint   

n.印痕，痕迹；深刻的印象；vt.压印，牢记

参考例句：

• That dictionary is published under the Longman imprint.那本词典以朗曼公司的名义出版。
• Her speech left its imprint on me.她的演讲给我留下了深刻印象。

12 imprinting   

n.胚教，铭记（动物生命早期即起作用的一种学习机能）；印记

参考例句：

• He gathered her to himself, imprinting kisses upon her lips and cheeks. 他把她抱过来，吻着她的嘴唇和面颊。 来自辞典例句
• It'seems likely that imprinting is an extreme case of conditioning. 看来似乎铭记是适应的一种极端的情况。 来自辞典例句

13 imprinted   

v.盖印（imprint的过去式与过去分词形式）

参考例句：

• The terrible scenes were indelibly imprinted on his mind. 那些恐怖场面深深地铭刻在他的心中。
• The scene was imprinted on my mind. 那个场面铭刻在我的心中。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 erase   

v.擦掉；消除某事物的痕迹

参考例句：

• He tried to erase the idea from his mind.他试图从头脑中抹掉这个想法。
• Please erase my name from the list.请把我的名字从名单上擦去。

15 inhibited   

a.拘谨的，拘束的

参考例句：

• Boys are often more inhibited than girls about discussing their problems. 男孩子往往不如女孩子敢于谈论自己的问题。
• Having been laughed at for his lameness,the boy became shy and inhibited. 那男孩因跛脚被人讥笑，变得羞怯而压抑。

16 allergies   

n.[医]过敏症；[口]厌恶，反感；（对食物、花粉、虫咬等的）过敏症( allergy的名词复数 )；变态反应，变应性

参考例句：

• Food allergies can result in an enormous variety of different symptoms. 食物过敏会引发很多不同的症状。 来自辞典例句
• Let us, however, examine one of the most common allergies; hayfever. 现在让我们来看看最常见的变态反应的一种--枯草热。 来自辞典例句

17 attests   

v.证明( attest的第三人称单数 )；证实；声称…属实；使宣誓

参考例句：

• The child's good health attests his mother's care. 这孩子健康的身体证实他母亲照料周到。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• The boy's good health attests to his mother's care. 这个男孩的良好健康就是他母亲细心照顾的明证。 来自辞典例句

18 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。