常春藤解析英语【54】The Warm, Green Place Called Ice

The Warm, Green Place Called Iceland　生机盎然的冰岛

by Kevin Lustig

In the middle of the North Atlantic Ocean, explorers from Norway discovered two islands. The larger one was covered in ice. _(1)_, while icy in the middle, was green and fertile on the coast. Oddly enough, the one with the ice became known as Greenland, while the greener one was called Iceland. _(2)_ its unfriendly name, this beautiful island of only 100,000 square kilometers has drawn¹ explorers, tourists, and immigrants throughout its history.

Iceland was originally settled around 874 by Viking explorers. They founded Reykjavik, the city that is still the nation's capital. Scandinavian monarchies² then _(3)_ Iceland until it became an independent country in 1944. Over the years, more settlers, mostly from Northern Europe and Ireland, have added to Iceland's _(4)_, which reached about 311,000 in 2007.

Iceland is one of the globe's most geologically active regions. As a result, Iceland is able to provide most of its own energy from geothermal power, _(5)_ hydropower from its waterfalls and rivers. With the addition of hydrogen technology, it is Iceland's goal to provide all of its own energy from domestic, renewable resources by 2050. If this goal is _(6)_, Iceland will become the world's first developed country that is able to do this.

From its unique power sources to its fertile grasslands³, Iceland has made the most of its tiny landmass. Though _(7)_ from the nearest land by almost 300 kilometers of ocean, it has managed to thrive. With its new plan for energy independence already set in motion, Iceland should have a bright, prosperous future to match its past.

1. (A) The other　　(B) Another　　　　(C) The one　　(D) One another
2. (A) Regarding　　(B) Judging from　(C) Despite　　　(D) According to
3. (A) turned down 　(B) went after　　(C) took over　　(D) ran into
4. (A) pollution　　(B) population　　(C) prosperity　　(D) prescription⁴
5. (A) but also　　(B) as well　　　　(C) except for　　(D) along with
6. (A) achieved　　(B) applied⁵　　　　(C) affected⁶　　　(D) adopted
7. (A) isolates⁸　　(B) isolating⁹　　　(C) isolated¹⁰　　　(D) to isolate⁷

原来如此

1. The other, while icy in the middle, was green and fertile on the coast.
理由:
a. (A) one...the other...　　一个……另一个……（限定的二者）
例: There are two boys in that family. One is very wild; the other is quiet.
（那个家庭有两个男孩。其中一个很野；另一个则很文静。）
(B) one...another...　　一个……另一个……（非限定的二者）
例: One way to cook dumplings is to boil them. Another is to fry them.
（用水煮饺子是一种方式；还有一种则是油煎。）
(C) the one...the other...　　前者……后者……
= the former...the latter...
(D) one another　　彼此
b. 空格前说探险家发现了两座岛，根据上述用法，可知应选 (A)。

2. Despite its unfriendly name, this beautiful island of only 100,000 square kilometers has drawn explorers, tourists, and immigrants throughout its history.
理由:
a. (A) regarding + N/V-ing　　关于……
= concerning + N/V-ing
例: Regarding the new plan, let's discuss it again at next week's meeting.
（关于新计划，我们在下周的会议再讨论。）
(B) judging from + N/V-ing　　从……看来
例: Judging from your reaction, you don't like this dish very much.
（从你的反应看来，你不是很喜欢这道菜。）
(C) despite + N/V-ing　　尽管∕虽然……
= in spite of + N/V-ing
例: Despite his efforts, he was unable to finish his homework on time.
（尽管他很努力，还是无法准时写完作业。）
(D) according to...　　根据……
b. 根据语意，可知应选 (C)。

3. Scandinavian monarchies then took over Iceland until it became an independent country in 1944.
理由:
a. (A) turn down...　　拒绝……
(B) go after...　　追赶……；追求……
例: Jamie's dog ran out of the house, so she had to go after him.
（洁咪的狗跑出屋外，所以她必须追出去。）
(C) take over...　　接管∕接掌……
例: Chris is planning to take over his father's company.
（克里斯计划接管父亲的公司。）
(D) run into...　　（偶然）碰见……
= bump into...
例: I ran into an old friend on my way to the market.
（我上市场的途中巧遇一位老友。）
b. 根据语意，可知应选 (C)。

4. ..., more settlers, mostly from Northern Europe and Ireland, have added to Iceland's population, which reached about 311,000 in 2007.
理由:
a. (A) pollution n. 污染
(B) population n. 人口
(C) prosperity n. 兴旺，繁荣
(D) prescription n. 处方，药方
b. 根据语意，可知应选 (B)。

5. As a result, Iceland is able to provide most of its own energy from geothermal power, along with hydropower from its waterfalls and rivers.
理由:
a. (A) but also 通常与 not only 并用，形成下列用法：
not only...but also...　　不仅……而且……
= not only...but...as well
例: The food here is not only delicious but also inexpensive.
（这里的食物不仅美味，价格也不贵。）
(B) ..., as well　　也……
(C) except for...　　除了……之外
例: Everyone except for Tim went on the trip.
（除了提姆以外，所有人都参加了这趟旅行。）
(D) along with...　　连同……（一起）
例: Jenny, along with her boyfriend, enjoys stinky tofu.
（珍妮和她男友都喜欢吃臭豆腐。）
b. 根据语意、用法，可知应选 (D)。

6. If this goal is achieved, Iceland will become the world's first developed country that is able to do this.
理由:
a. (A) achieve vt. 完成，实现
achieve one's goal　　实现某人的目标
= accomplish one's goal
= attain¹¹ one's goal
例: You can achieve your goals if you work hard and stay focused.
（只要努力和专心，你就可以实现目标。）
(B) apply vt. 运用
apply A to B　　把 A 运用在 B 上
例: Scientists are trying to apply solar technology to automobiles¹².
（科学家正设法将太阳能科技运用在汽车上。）
(C) affect vt. 影响
(D) adopt vt. 采取；收养
b. 空格前有名词 goal（目标），故根据语意，可知应选 (A)。

7. Though isolated from the nearest land by almost 300 km of ocean, it has managed to thrive.
理由:
a. 空格前为副词连接词 Though，之后则无主词和动词，可知此为副词子句化简为副词词组之句构。
b. 空格后为介词词组 from the nearest land（距离最近的陆地），得知应置入一及物动词的过去分词。由此可知，本空格应选 (C) isolated。
c. 本句解析如下：
Though it is isolated from the nearest land by almost 300 km of ocean, it has...
→ Though isolated from the nearest land by almost 300 km of ocean, it has...
d. isolate vt. 使孤立；隔离
be isolated from...　　与……隔绝∕隔离
例: The prisoners were completely isolated from the world.
（这些囚犯与外界完全隔绝。）

精解字词词组

1. be covered in/with...　　为……所覆盖
例: I was covered in bruises¹³ after falling down the stairs.
（我从楼梯跌下来后，全身是瘀青。）　

2. Oddly enough, S + V　　说也奇怪，……
= It is odd + that 子句
例: Oddly enough, my teacher told us all to practice writing English backwards¹⁴.
（说来奇怪，老师叫我们全都倒着写英文。）　

3. settle vt. 殖民于；定居于 & vi. 定居，安顿
settle down　　安顿下来，安定下来
例: Rachel would like to settle down in the mountains.
（瑞秋想在山中定居下来。）　

4. add to...　　增加∕增添……
例: The new lamps really add to the dcor of this room.
（新的灯具确实增添了这房间的美感。）　

5. make the most of...　　善加利用……
= make the best use of...
= take full advantage of...
例: You won't get another chance like this, so make the most of it.
（同样的机会不会再有第二次，所以你得好好善用这个良机。）　

6. thrive 　vi. 繁荣，兴盛
例: Our nation's economy was doing poorly two years ago, but now it's thriving.
（我们国家的经济两年前很差，但现在正蓬勃发展。）

7. set...in motion　　使……开始（动起来）
例: With five minutes left in the game, we set our secret plan in motion.
（当比赛只剩五分钟时，我们开始使出秘密战术。）　

单字小铺

1. Atlantic Ocean n. 大西洋（与定冠词 the 并用）
2. icy a. 被冰覆盖的；冰冷的
3. fertile a. 肥沃的
4. unfriendly a. 不利的；不友善的
5. immigrant n.（自外地移入的）移民
emigrant¹⁵ n.（移居他国的）移民
6. originally adv. 起初，原先
7. monarchy¹⁶ n. 君主国
8. independent a. 独立的
9. geologically adv. 地质学上地
10. geothermal a. 地热的
11. hydropower n. 水力发电
12. addition n. 增加，增强
13. hydrogen n. 氢
14. renewable resources丗丗可再生的能源
renewable a. 可再生的
15. developed country丗丗已开发国家
16. landmass n. 大陆，地块
17. independence n. 独立
18. prosperous a. 富足的，繁荣的

词组小铺

1. As a result, S + V　　结果，……
2. manage to V　　设法做……

中文翻译＆标准答案

在北大西洋中央，挪威探险家发现两座岛。面积较大的岛为冰雪所覆盖，另一座岛的中央虽覆盖着冰雪，沿岸却绿意盎然、土地肥沃。奇怪的是，被雪覆盖的岛叫做『格陵兰』（Greenland），而植物较多的岛却称为『冰岛』（Iceland）。尽管名字听起来冷冰冰，这个面积仅十万平方公里的美丽岛国从古至今一直吸引着探险家、游客和移民前来。

公元 874 年左右，维京探险家最早定居冰岛。他们建立了雷克亚维克，至今仍是冰岛的首府。而后斯堪地那维亚王国接管该岛，直到 1944 年始成为独立国家。过去几年来，愈来愈多人移居至此，大多来自北欧和爱尔兰，大大增加了冰岛的人口，2007 年时，总人口已近三十一万一千人。

冰岛是全球地质活动最活跃的区域之一。因此，该国能从地热及瀑布、河流所产生的水力发电供应本身大部分的能源。现在更加入了氢能源科技，冰岛可望在 2050 年，完成所有能源均能自给自足且永续使用的目标。如果能达成这个目标，冰岛将是世界上第一个能做到的已开发国家。

从其独特的能源到肥沃的草原，冰岛充分利用其狭小的陆地。虽然离最近的大陆至少相隔三百公里的海洋，冰岛却能欣欣向荣。有了正在进行的能源自足新计划，冰岛的未来应该会和过去一样光明灿烂。

标准答案: 1. (A)　2. (C)　3. (C)　4. (B)　5. (D)　6. (A)　7. (C)
 

1 drawn   

v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的

参考例句：

• All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。
• Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。

2 monarchies   

n. 君主政体, 君主国, 君主政治

参考例句：

• It cleared away a number of monarchies. 它清除了好几个君主政体。
• Nowadays, there are few monarchies left in the world. 现在世界上君主制的国家已经很少了。

3 grasslands   

n.草原，牧场( grassland的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Songs were heard ringing loud and clear over the grasslands. 草原上扬起清亮激越的歌声。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• Grasslands have been broken and planted to wheat. 草原已经开垦出来，种上了小麦。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 prescription   

n.处方，开药；指示，规定

参考例句：

• The physician made a prescription against sea- sickness for him.医生给他开了个治晕船的药方。
• The drug is available on prescription only.这种药只能凭处方购买。

5 applied   

adj.应用的；v.应用，适用

参考例句：

• She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
• This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。

6 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

7 isolate   

vt.使孤立，隔离

参考例句：

• Do not isolate yourself from others.不要把自己孤立起来。
• We should never isolate ourselves from the masses.我们永远不能脱离群众。

8 isolates   

v.使隔离( isolate的第三人称单数 )；将…剔出（以便看清和单独处理）；使（某物质、细胞等）分离；使离析

参考例句：

• The transformer isolates the transistors with regard to d-c bias voltage. 变压器可在两个晶体管之间隔离直流偏压。 来自辞典例句
• In regions with certain isolates of TRV, spraining is more prominent. 在具有TRV某些分离物的地区，坏死是比较显著的。 来自辞典例句

9 isolating   

adj.孤立的，绝缘的v.使隔离( isolate的现在分词 )；将…剔出（以便看清和单独处理）；使（某物质、细胞等）分离；使离析

参考例句：

• Colour filters are not very effective in isolating narrow spectral bands. 一些滤色片不能很有效地分离狭窄的光谱带。 来自辞典例句
• This became known as the streak method for isolating bacteria. 这个方法以后就称为分离细菌的划线法。 来自辞典例句

10 isolated   

adj.与世隔绝的

参考例句：

• His bad behaviour was just an isolated incident. 他的不良行为只是个别事件。
• Patients with the disease should be isolated. 这种病的患者应予以隔离。

11 attain   

vt.达到，获得，完成

参考例句：

• I used the scientific method to attain this end. 我用科学的方法来达到这一目的。
• His painstaking to attain his goal in life is praiseworthy. 他为实现人生目标所下的苦功是值得称赞的。

12 automobiles   

n.汽车( automobile的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• When automobiles become popular,the use of the horse and buggy passed away. 汽车普及后，就不再使用马和马车了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Automobiles speed in an endless stream along the boulevard. 宽阔的林荫道上，汽车川流不息。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

13 bruises   

n.瘀伤，伤痕，擦伤( bruise的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• He was covered with bruises after falling off his bicycle. 他从自行车上摔了下来，摔得浑身伤痕。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The pear had bruises of dark spots. 这个梨子有碰伤的黑斑。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 backwards   

adv.往回地，向原处，倒，相反，前后倒置地

参考例句：

• He turned on the light and began to pace backwards and forwards.他打开电灯并开始走来走去。
• All the girls fell over backwards to get the party ready.姑娘们迫不及待地为聚会做准备。

15 emigrant   

adj.移居的，移民的；n.移居外国的人，移民

参考例句：

• He is a British emigrant to Australia.他是个移居澳大利亚的英国人。
• I always think area like this is unsuited for human beings,but it is also unpractical to emigrant in a large scale.我一直觉得，像这样的地方是不适宜人类居住的，可大规模的移民又是不现实的。

16 monarchy   

n.君主，最高统治者；君主政体，君主国

参考例句：

• The monarchy in England plays an important role in British culture.英格兰的君主政体在英国文化中起重要作用。
• The power of the monarchy in Britain today is more symbolical than real.今日英国君主的权力多为象徵性的，无甚实际意义。