英语听力文摘 English Digest 709 果汁该喝还是不该喝?

To Juice or Not to Juice?

Nutrition

Juice may be tasty, but it’s not really that nutritious¹. While orange juice is an excellent source of vitamin, it doesn’t contain a significant amount of other minerals and vitamins. What’s more, excessive juice consumption can cause all kinds of problems. This is especially troubling when you keep in mind that children are the ones drinking most of the juice in this country.

You see, when you drink juice, you’re getting mainly water and carbohydrates³. And if you drink too much, the high carbohydrate² content can cause gas, bloating, and diarrhea. Plus, juice has as many calories as soda⁴, and, like soda, has been linked to the obesity⁵ epidemic⁶ raging in our country.

Milking The Problem

Also, for children, juice often crowds out milk because it tastes better. Children who don’t drink enough milk are more likely to suffer from calcium⁷ and vitamin D deficiencies. In fact, in some parts of the country, rickets⁸, which is caused by vitamin D deficiency, is on the rise. Finally, keeping a juice bottle in your mouth for a long time can promote tooth decay.

The key to juice intake⁹ is moderation. The American Academy of Pediatrics suggests that children under six should not drink more than six ounces of juice a day, and that older children shouldn’t drink more than twelve ounces. All children should be encouraged to go straight to the source and eat whole fruit, which contains more nutrients¹⁰ than juice, plus other good stuff, like fiber¹¹.

果汁该喝还是不该喝?

营养

果汁可能很好吃，但其实没有那么营养。虽然橙汁是维生素的极好来源，但它不含有大量的其他矿物质和维生素。此外，过量饮用果汁会导致各种问题。当你记住在这个国家，孩子是喝果汁最多的人时，这尤其令人不安。

你看，当你喝果汁的时候，你得到的主要是水和碳水化合物。如果你喝得太多，高碳水化合物含量会导致气体、腹胀和腹泻。此外，果汁的热量和汽水一样多，而且和汽水一样，果汁也与我国肥胖流行有关。

缓解问题

此外，对于儿童来说，果汁往往会挤出牛奶，因为它味道更好。牛奶喝得不够的孩子更容易缺钙和维生素D。事实上，在该国的一些地区，由维生素D缺乏引起的佝偻病呈上升趋势。最后，长时间将果汁瓶放在嘴里可以促进蛀牙。

果汁摄入的关键是适量。美国儿科学会建议，六岁以下的儿童每天喝果汁的量不应超过六盎司，而大一点的儿童则不应超过十二盎司。应该鼓励所有的孩子直接去源头，吃全水果，它含有比果汁更多的营养成分，还有其他好东西，比如纤维。

1 nutritious   

adj.有营养的，营养价值高的

参考例句：

• Fresh vegetables are very nutritious.新鲜蔬菜富于营养。
• Hummingbirds have discovered that nectar and pollen are very nutritious.蜂鸟发现花蜜和花粉是很有营养的。

2 carbohydrate   

n.碳水化合物；糖类；(plural)淀粉质或糖类

参考例句：

• You should not have too much carbohydrate in your diet.你日常饮食中不该有过多碳水化合物。
• Cashew nuts are rich in carbohydrate.腰果含丰富碳水化合物。

3 carbohydrates   

n.碳水化合物，糖类( carbohydrate的名词复数 )；淀粉质或糖类食物

参考例句：

• The plant uses the carbohydrates to make cellulose. 植物用碳水化合物制造纤维素。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• All carbohydrates originate from plants. 所有的碳水化合物均来自植物。 来自辞典例句

4 soda   

n.苏打水；汽水

参考例句：

• She doesn't enjoy drinking chocolate soda.她不喜欢喝巧克力汽水。
• I will freshen your drink with more soda and ice cubes.我给你的饮料重加一些苏打水和冰块。

5 obesity   

n.肥胖，肥大

参考例句：

• One effect of overeating may be obesity.吃得过多能导致肥胖。
• Sugar and fat can more easily lead to obesity than some other foods.糖和脂肪比其他食物更容易导致肥胖。

6 epidemic   

n.流行病；盛行；adj.流行性的，流传极广的

参考例句：

• That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。
• The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。

7 calcium   

n.钙(化学符号Ca)

参考例句：

• We need calcium to make bones.我们需要钙来壮骨。
• Calcium is found most abundantly in milk.奶含钙最丰富。

8 rickets   

n.软骨病，佝偻病，驼背

参考例句：

• A diet deficient in vitamin D may cause the disease rickets.缺少维生素D的饮食可能导致软骨病。
• It also appears to do more than just protect against rickets.除了防止软骨病，它还有更多的功能。

9 intake   

n.吸入，纳入；进气口，入口

参考例句：

• Reduce your salt intake.减少盐的摄入量。
• There was a horrified intake of breath from every child.所有的孩子都害怕地倒抽了一口凉气。

10 nutrients   

n.（食品或化学品）营养物，营养品( nutrient的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a lack of essential nutrients 基本营养的缺乏
• Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. 营养素被吸收进血液。 来自《简明英汉词典》

11 fiber   

n.纤维，纤维质

参考例句：

• The basic structural unit of yarn is the fiber.纤维是纱的基本结构单元。
• The material must be free of fiber clumps.这种材料必须无纤维块。