访谈录 2010-10-22&10-24 荷尔蒙疗法安全么？

Back now at 7:44 this morning on Today's Health，a warning about hormone¹ replacement² therapy. A new study in this week's journal, the American Medial Association found that it is even riskier³ for post-menopausal women that originally thought. We’re gonna to see chief medical editor Dr. Nancy Snyderm joining us now with details on this. Nancy, good morning. This is all part of that original study in 2002. It was called the Women's Health Initiative. Women's Health Initiative, Right! And it came to an abrupt⁴ end because of a very dramatic finding. Yes. It came to an abrupt end in 2002 because this study put women on hormones⁵ and women not hormones and looked at how they did and the women who were on a combination of estrogen and progesterone had higher levels of breast cancer. So this is what those great studies where they said, you know what, “It is so clear. Let's stop it now. ” And interestingly, we watched breast cancer rates drop after that study was completed because so many women got the message. And these researchers have now since been following, continuing to follow these women. They followed over 12, 000 women, they surveyed them now for 11 years. And what they have found?
That's very significant amount of time. It's really good.
And look at this. They have found that the increased risk of advanced breast cancer now. They’re finding that it actually is worse than they originally thought. More aggressive tumors and tumors have spread to lymph nodes. So to me, when you look at this, this is one more nail in the coffin⁶. Of post-menopausal women taking hormone replacement therapy, most women will start when they have hot flushes they feel they have sort of mental loopiness of menopause. Their skin feels better, their bones are stronger. And then they say “Well, I like these hormones, I'd like to stay on them.” And I get that. The reality is there's no free lunch. And there's a price to pay for taking medications, especially for a prolonged period of time. So for some women who are really agonizingly having a difficult time with menopausal symptoms, the question to ask their doctor is: 1.If I take these, how short a period of time can I take them? How low can the dose be? And then, let's, in reality, talk about facing the all for them. I am not a believer as I've said many times before, on the idea that women should be on these kinds of hormones for a prolonged period of time and this is very important science.
So for women who've already got off them, because a lot of women, when the information first came out, they got off the drugs. That's it. But would they do now still have an increased risk? We have believed that as women get off of them, that risk goes back to almost zero after three or four years. Some people hedge their bets thing will maybe not down to zero, but we do know the minute you get off them, you start to revert⁷ to a more normal state. This is not the kind of thing that once you take them, you do permanent damage. But two to three years, if you are going to do them, max, I would say, for most women looked at other life style changes and consider not taking hormones. We want to mention that this hormone we are talking about is called Prempro. Prempro. It's a combined hormone therapy. Right. It's synthetic⁸. Estrogen and progesterone, and for some women who say “Oh, yeah, well, I take the natural stuff.” Just want to caution them there's no science to prove that the natural stuff is any different. Pay attention to this one. It's big news.
Doctor Nancy Snyderm, telling us what for this morning. Thank you so much for taking care of us.

1 hormone   

n.荷尔蒙，激素，内分泌

参考例句：

• Hormone implants are used as growth boosters.激素植入物被用作生长辅助剂。
• This hormone interacts closely with other hormones in the body.这种荷尔蒙与体內其他荷尔蒙紧密地相互作用。

2 replacement   

n.取代，替换，交换；替代品，代用品

参考例句：

• We are hard put to find a replacement for our assistant.我们很难找到一个人来代替我们的助手。
• They put all the students through the replacement examination.他们让所有的学生参加分班考试。

3 riskier   

冒险的，危险的( risky的比较级 )

参考例句：

• Now they are starting to demand higher returns on riskier assets. 而今他们开始在风险更高的资产上要求更高的回报。
• The problem with that: RIM's business is getting riskier every quarter. 不过问题也随之而来：RIM面临的业务风险正逐季增大。

4 abrupt   

adj.突然的，意外的；唐突的，鲁莽的

参考例句：

• The river takes an abrupt bend to the west.这河突然向西转弯。
• His abrupt reply hurt our feelings.他粗鲁的回答伤了我们的感情。

5 hormones   

n. 荷尔蒙，激素 名词hormone的复数形式

参考例句：

• This hormone interacts closely with other hormones in the body. 这种荷尔蒙与体內其他荷尔蒙紧密地相互作用。
• The adrenals produce a large per cent of a man's sex hormones. 肾上腺分泌人体的大部分性激素。

6 coffin   

n.棺材，灵柩

参考例句：

• When one's coffin is covered,all discussion about him can be settled.盖棺论定。
• The coffin was placed in the grave.那口棺材已安放到坟墓里去了。

7 revert   

v.恢复，复归，回到

参考例句：

• Let us revert to the earlier part of the chapter.让我们回到本章的前面部分。
• Shall we revert to the matter we talked about yesterday?我们接着昨天谈过的问题谈，好吗？

8 synthetic   

adj.合成的，人工的；综合的；n.人工制品

参考例句：

• We felt the salesman's synthetic friendliness.我们感觉到那位销售员的虚情假意。
• It's a synthetic diamond.这是人造钻石。