住院的病人01

The Resident Patient

Arthur Conan Doyle

Glancing over the somewhat incoherent series of Memoirs¹ with which I have  endeavored to illustrate² a few of the mental peculiarities⁴ of my friend Mr.  Sherlock Holmes, I have been struck by the difficulty which I have experienced  in picking out examples which shall in every way answer my purpose. For in those  cases in which Holmes has performed some tour de force of analytical⁵ reasoning,  and has demonstrated the value of his peculiar³ methods of investigation⁶, the  facts themselves have often been so slight or so commonplace that I could not  feel justified⁷ in laying them before the public. On the other hand, it has  frequently happened that he has been concerned in some research where the facts  have been of the most remarkable⁸ and dramatic character, but where the share  which he has himself taken in determining their causes has been less pronounced  than I, as his biographer, could wish. The small matter which I have chronicled  under the heading of “A Study in Scarlet,” and that other later one connected  with the loss of the Gloria Scott, may serve as examples of this Scylla and  Charybdis which are forever threatening the historian. It may be that in the  business of which I am now about to write the part which my friend played is not  sufficiently⁹ accentuated¹⁰; and yet the whole train of circumstances is so  remarkable that I cannot bring myself to omit it entirely¹¹ from this series.

It had been a close, rainy day in October. Our blinds were half-drawn, and  Holmes lay curled upon the sofa, reading and re-reading a letter which he had  received by the morning post. For myself, my term of service in India had  trained me to stand heat better than cold, and a thermometer of 90 was no  hardship. But the paper was uninteresting. Parliament had risen. Everybody was  out of town, and I yearned¹² for the glades¹³ of the New Forest or the shingle¹⁴ of  Southsea. A depleted¹⁵ bank account had caused me to postpone¹⁶ my holiday, and as  to my companion, neither the country nor the sea presented the slightest  attraction to him. He loved to lie in the very centre of five millions of  people, with his filaments¹⁷ stretching out and running through them, responsive  to every little rumor¹⁸ or suspicion of unsolved crime. Appreciation¹⁹ of Nature  found no place among his many gifts, and his only change was when he turned his  mind from the evil-doer of the town to track down his brother of the country.

I cannot be sure of the exact date, for some of my memoranda²⁰ upon the matter  have been mislaid, but it must have been towards the end of the first year  during which Holmes and I shared chambers²¹ in Baker²² Street. It was boisterous  October weather, and we had both remained indoors all day, I because I feared  with my shaken health to face the keen autumn wind, while he was deep in some of  those abstruse²³ chemical investigations²⁴ which absorbed him utterly²⁵ as long as he  was engaged upon them. Towards evening, however, the breaking of a test-tube  brought his research to a premature²⁶ ending, and he sprang up from his chair with  an exclamation²⁷ of impatience²⁸ and a clouded brow.

我粗略地看了看一连串内容不连贯的回忆录，想用它们来阐明我朋友歇洛克-福尔摩斯先生 智力上的一些特点，但却觉得很难挑出我所需要的例子。因为在侦破这些案子的过程中，福 尔摩斯虽然运用了他那分析推理的巧妙手法，证实了他那独特的调查研究方法的重要，但案 件本身，却往往微不足道，平凡无奇，我觉得实在不值得向读者介绍。另一方面，也经常发 生这样一种情况，他参与调查了一些案情离奇、富有戏剧一性一的案子，但他在侦破过程中 所起的作用，却又不能满足我这给他写传记的人的愿望。我曾经记述过一件小小的案子，题 目是《血字的研究》，后来又有另一个有关“格洛里亚斯科特”号三桅帆船失事案，都是能 作为使历史学家永远感到惊奇的岩礁与漩涡［岩礁与漩涡：意大利墨西拿海峡上的岩礁，它 的对面有大漩涡。此处作者用来形容惊险——译者注］的例子。现在我要记载的这件案子， 在侦破案件中我的朋友虽然没有起到十分重要的作用，但整个案情却很稀奇古怪，我觉得实 在不能够遗漏不记。

那是七月里一个闷热的一陰一雨天，我们的窗帘放下了一半，福尔摩斯蜷卧在沙发上，把早 晨接到的一封信读了又读。由于我在印度服过兵役，使我养成了怕冷不怕热的一习一惯，因 而寒暑表虽已到了华氏九十度，我也毫不觉得难受。不过这天的报纸实在乏味。议会已经休 会，人们都离开了城市。我渴望到新森林中的空地或南海的铺满一卵一石的海滩一游。但因 我的存款拮据，我推迟了假期。而对我的伙伴来说，无论是乡下或是海滨，都丝毫不能引起 他的兴趣。他只喜欢混迹于五百万人口的中心，对他们中间关于悬而未决的案件的每一个小 小的传闻或猜疑特别关心。他对于欣赏大自然，却丝毫不感兴趣。而他唯一的改变，是去看 望他在乡间的哥哥。

1 memoirs   

n.回忆录；回忆录传( mem,自oir的名词复数)

参考例句：

• Her memoirs were ghostwritten. 她的回忆录是由别人代写的。
• I watched a trailer for the screenplay of his memoirs. 我看过以他的回忆录改编成电影的预告片。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 illustrate   

v.举例说明，阐明；图解，加插图

参考例句：

• The company's bank statements illustrate its success.这家公司的银行报表说明了它的成功。
• This diagram will illustrate what I mean.这个图表可说明我的意思。

3 peculiar   

adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的

参考例句：

• He walks in a peculiar fashion.他走路的样子很奇特。
• He looked at me with a very peculiar expression.他用一种很奇怪的表情看着我。

4 peculiarities   

n. 特质, 特性, 怪癖, 古怪

参考例句：

• the cultural peculiarities of the English 英国人的文化特点
• He used to mimic speech peculiarities of another. 他过去总是模仿别人讲话的特点。

5 analytical   

adj.分析的；用分析法的

参考例句：

• I have an analytical approach to every survey.对每项调查我都采用分析方法。
• As a result,analytical data obtained by analysts were often in disagreement.结果各个分析家所得的分析数据常常不一致。

6 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

7 justified   

a.正当的，有理的

参考例句：

• She felt fully justified in asking for her money back. 她认为有充分的理由要求退款。
• The prisoner has certainly justified his claims by his actions. 那个囚犯确实已用自己的行动表明他的要求是正当的。

8 remarkable   

adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的

参考例句：

• She has made remarkable headway in her writing skills.她在写作技巧方面有了长足进步。
• These cars are remarkable for the quietness of their engines.这些汽车因发动机没有噪音而不同凡响。

9 sufficiently   

adv.足够地，充分地

参考例句：

• It turned out he had not insured the house sufficiently.原来他没有给房屋投足保险。
• The new policy was sufficiently elastic to accommodate both views.新政策充分灵活地适用两种观点。

10 accentuated   

v.重读( accentuate的过去式和过去分词 )；使突出；使恶化；加重音符号于

参考例句：

• The problem is accentuated by a shortage of water and electricity. 缺乏水电使问题愈加严重。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Her black hair accentuated the delicateness of her skin. 她那乌黑的头发更衬托出她洁嫩的皮肤。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

11 entirely   

ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
• His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。

12 yearned   

渴望，切盼，向往( yearn的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The people yearned for peace. 人民渴望和平。
• She yearned to go back to the south. 她渴望回到南方去。

13 glades   

n.林中空地( glade的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Maggie and Philip had been meeting secretly in the glades near the mill. 玛吉和菲利曾经常在磨坊附近的林中空地幽会。 来自辞典例句
• Still the outlaw band throve in Sherwood, and hunted the deer in its glades. 当他在沉思中变老了，世界还是照样走它的路，亡命之徒仍然在修武德日渐壮大，在空地里猎鹿。 来自互联网

14 shingle   

n.木瓦板；小招牌(尤指医生或律师挂的营业招牌)；v.用木瓦板盖（屋顶）；把（女子头发）剪短

参考例句：

• He scraped away the dirt,and exposed a pine shingle.他刨去泥土，下面露出一块松木瓦块。
• He hung out his grandfather's shingle.他挂出了祖父的行医招牌。

15 depleted   

adj. 枯竭的, 废弃的 动词deplete的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• Food supplies were severely depleted. 食物供应已严重不足。
• Both teams were severely depleted by injuries. 两个队都因队员受伤而实力大减。

16 postpone   

v.延期，推迟

参考例句：

• I shall postpone making a decision till I learn full particulars.在未获悉详情之前我得从缓作出决定。
• She decided to postpone the converastion for that evening.她决定当天晚上把谈话搁一搁。

17 filaments   

n.（电灯泡的）灯丝( filament的名词复数 )；丝极；细丝；丝状物

参考例句：

• Instead, sarcomere shortening occurs when the thin filaments'slide\" by the thick filaments. 此外，肌节的缩短发生于细肌丝沿粗肌丝“滑行”之际。 来自辞典例句
• Wetting-force data on filaments of any diameter and shape can easily obtained. 各种直径和形状的长丝的润湿力数据是易于测量的。 来自辞典例句

18 rumor   

n.谣言，谣传，传说

参考例句：

• The rumor has been traced back to a bad man.那谣言经追查是个坏人造的。
• The rumor has taken air.谣言流传开了。

19 appreciation   

n.评价；欣赏；感谢；领会，理解；价格上涨

参考例句：

• I would like to express my appreciation and thanks to you all.我想对你们所有人表达我的感激和谢意。
• I'll be sending them a donation in appreciation of their help.我将送给他们一笔捐款以感谢他们的帮助。

20 memoranda   

n. 备忘录, 便条 名词memorandum的复数形式

参考例句：

• There were memoranda, minutes of meetings, officialflies, notes of verbal di scussions. 有备忘录，会议记录，官方档案，口头讨论的手记。
• Now it was difficult to get him to address memoranda. 而现在，要他批阅备忘录都很困难。

21 chambers   

n.房间( chamber的名词复数 )；（议会的）议院；卧室；会议厅

参考例句：

• The body will be removed into one of the cold storage chambers. 尸体将被移到一个冷冻间里。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Mr Chambers's readable book concentrates on the middle passage: the time Ransome spent in Russia. Chambers先生的这本值得一看的书重点在中间：Ransome在俄国的那几年。 来自互联网

22 baker   

n.面包师

参考例句：

• The baker bakes his bread in the bakery.面包师在面包房内烤面包。
• The baker frosted the cake with a mixture of sugar and whites of eggs.面包师在蛋糕上撒了一层白糖和蛋清的混合料。

23 abstruse   

adj.深奥的，难解的

参考例句：

• Einstein's theory of relativity is very abstruse.爱因斯坦的相对论非常难懂。
• The professor's lectures were so abstruse that students tended to avoid them.该教授的课程太深奥了，学生们纷纷躲避他的课。

24 investigations   

（正式的）调查( investigation的名词复数 )； 侦查； 科学研究； 学术研究

参考例句：

• His investigations were intensive and thorough but revealed nothing. 他进行了深入彻底的调查，但没有发现什么。
• He often sent them out to make investigations. 他常常派他们出去作调查。

25 utterly   

adv.完全地，绝对地

参考例句：

• Utterly devoted to the people,he gave his life in saving his patients.他忠于人民，把毕生精力用于挽救患者的生命。
• I was utterly ravished by the way she smiled.她的微笑使我完全陶醉了。

26 premature   

adj.比预期时间早的；不成熟的，仓促的

参考例句：

• It is yet premature to predict the possible outcome of the dialogue.预言这次对话可能有什么结果为时尚早。
• The premature baby is doing well.那个早产的婴儿很健康。

27 exclamation   

n.感叹号，惊呼，惊叹词

参考例句：

• He could not restrain an exclamation of approval.他禁不住喝一声采。
• The author used three exclamation marks at the end of the last sentence to wake up the readers.作者在文章的最后一句连用了三个惊叹号，以引起读者的注意。

28 impatience   

n.不耐烦，急躁

参考例句：

• He expressed impatience at the slow rate of progress.进展缓慢，他显得不耐烦。
• He gave a stamp of impatience.他不耐烦地跺脚。