生活英语对话 Episode 25: Fast food

本单元是关于快餐的对话

Alice: Ooh, what's that smell? Do I detect cheeseburger and fries? Michal, you disappoint me. What happened to all your resolve at New Year?
Michal: I'm trying to give up fast food but it's just so easy and cheap. I'm really beginning to run out of money so I can't afford better food and I'm really missing my mum's cooking and I don't know how to cook the way she does and I miss my friends and I don't have a job?
Alice: Oh Michal, don't cry. Come here pet, let me give you a hug.
Helen: Michal! Alice! What the hell do think you're doing?


Vocabulary:

fast food: food that's convenient and quick to buy (for example, hamburgers, French fries) 快餐食品，即简便易买的食品，比如汉堡包和炸薯条等

to run out of something (v, idiom): to not have any more of something 用完，耗尽（习惯用语）

pet (adj, informal): term of endearment¹. If people know each other very well or if one person is much older than the other one, they might address each other informally using pet, love, dear or hen 宠物，宝贝。如果人们相互熟识，或者其中一人是长辈，另一人年龄小很多，他们可能在私下里用pet （宝贝），love（宝贝），dear（亲爱的）或hen（女人）来客气地称呼对方；主要被妇女广泛使用。

本单元的语言点是连词，我们可以用连词（或称连接词）将两个句子和从句连接起来。我们可以用连词将意思附加连接起来，对它们加以比较，显示事情发生的顺序，或显示事情发生的原因等。

Conjunctions 连词

We can join two sentences or clauses² together using conjunctions (or linking words). We can use conjunctions to add ideas together, contrast them, show the order that things happened in or show the reason why things happened. 我们可以用连词（或称连接词）将两个句子和从句连接起来。我们可以用连词将意思附加连接起来，对它们加以比较，显示事情发生的顺序，或显示事情发生的原因等。


Conjunctions - adding (连词 - 附加)

and （用于连接语法上同类的词、短语或句子，表示并列或附加关系）和，与，及，同；并，也
I'm missing my mum's cooking and I don't know how to cook the way she does.
They like tea and coffee.

as well as 除…之外（也）
As well as not having a job, Michal is running out of money.
Alice looks after patients at work, as well as looking after Michal in the flat.

in addition to (more formal) 除…之外；还（用法更加正式）
In addition to offering loans, we can give you advice about other financial services.
There is a heated indoor swimming pool in addition to three outdoor pools in the hotel.


Conjunctions - contrasting (连词 – 比较)

but 但是，可是，然而；而（是）
I'm trying to give up fast food but it's just so easy and cheap.
Alice was trying to help Michal but Helen didn't understand.

although 虽然，尽管；（用于主句后，引出补充说明）然而
Although he's trying to be more healthy, he finds it easier to eat fast food.
Tim is going to work in the stockroom although he doesn't really want to.

however (more formal) 然而，可是；仍然 （用法更正式）
The flight has been delayed, however , the airline will offer compensation³ to all passengers.
We received your cheque. However, you failed to sign it. Please do so immediately.


Conjunctions - timing⁴ (连词 – 时间)

while 当…的时候，和…同时，在…时
While Alice and Michal were hugging, Helen came in.
Tim was serving a customer while his manager was waiting to speak to him.

before 在…以前
Before Michal could explain, Helen started shouting at him.
Michal began to cry before he had even finished talking to Alice.

after/after that 在…以后/在那之后
After New Year, some of the flatmates kept their resolutions.
They went to the cinema and after that, they walked home.

during 在…整个期间；在…期间的某一时候
During the President's speech everyone has to listen carefully.

Will you put the kettle on for tea during the adverts⁵?

1 endearment   

n.表示亲爱的行为

参考例句：

• This endearment indicated the highest degree of delight in the old cooper.这个称呼是老箍桶匠快乐到了极点的表示。
• To every endearment and attention he continued listless.对于每一种亲爱的表示和每一种的照顾，他一直漫不在意。

2 clauses   

从句( clause的名词复数 )； （法律文件等的）条款

参考例句：

• Relative pronouns and adverbs introduce attributive clauses. 关系代词和关系副词引导定语从句。
• Please underline the noun clauses in the passage. 请用线画出短文中的名词性从句。

3 compensation   

n.补偿（或赔偿）的款物，补偿，赔偿

参考例句：

• Workers who have been unfairly dismissed may claim compensation.被无理开除的工人可以要求补偿。
• Equal compensation should be given to men and women for equal work.男女同工应同酬。

4 timing   

n.时间安排，时间选择

参考例句：

• The timing of the meeting is not convenient.会议的时间安排不合适。
• The timing of our statement is very opportune.我们发表声明选择的时机很恰当。

5 adverts   

advertisements 广告，做广告

参考例句：

• the adverts on television 电视广告
• The adverts are not very informative. 这些广告并没有包含太多有用信息。