胡敏读故事记单词托福词汇206

　　206. The spinal¹ cord operation脊髓手术 spectra²-sponge
There was a lecture given at a medical school on a spinal cord operation. The professor began:
“In order to have a speedy but safe operation, one must speculate on the entire spectrum³ of possible problems. As you can see,” pointing to the open cadaver⁴, “this section of the spine⁵ is located near the spleen. It is necessary to use this spherical⁶ instrument to avoid contact between them. If any spiny⁷ spinal fragments disturb the spleen during the operation, the spleen may split open and the patient may begin to spew.” The professor placed the sphere like object into the cadaver and continued. “Now, I shall take out the spiny fragments with this spindly little instrument.” The professor held a long, thin instrument in his hands. He put it spinning into the cadaver. As he applied⁸ the instrument, little spiral shavings of spinal bone spilled out from the cadaver. The professor said, “Splendid. The spiny fragments have been removed, and all that is left is the clean up and close. I am quite pleased with this procedure. The splendor⁹ of it is its simplicity¹⁰. All that we must do is consider which problems from the entire spectra of problems that may arise. Such as that of the spleen.”
The professor, quite happy with himself, felt a spiritual uplifting as he descended¹¹ the platform. He said to his assistant, “Be sure to splash some preservative¹² on the cadaver with a sponge so as to avoid spoilage¹³. We certainly don’t want him to spoil.”
spectrum n.光谱,系列(复数)
sprculate v.谱,光谱,系列
speedy adj.推测,沉思
spew v.快的,迅速的
sphere n.球体
spherical adj.球的,球状的
spill vi.溢出n.溢出,溅出
spinal adj.脊骨的,脊髓的
spinal cord 脊髓
spindly adj.纺锤形的,细长的
spine n.脊骨,刺
spinning adj.旋转的
spiny adj.多刺的,刺状的
spiral adj.螺旋形的,盘旋的v.盘旋
spiritual adj.精神上的
splash v.溅,泼
spleen n.脾气,怒气,脾脏
splendid adj.灿烂的,辉煌的
splendor n.壮丽,辉煌
split v.劈开,(使)裂开
spoil v.损坏,腐烂,宠坏,溺爱
spoilage n.(食物等)变质,损坏
sponge n.海绵

1 spinal   

adj.针的，尖刺的，尖刺状突起的；adj.脊骨的，脊髓的

参考例句：

• After three days in Japan,the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible.在日本三天，就已经使脊椎骨变得富有弹性了。
• Your spinal column is made up of 24 movable vertebrae.你的脊柱由24个活动的脊椎骨构成。

2 spectra   

n.光谱

参考例句：

• The infra-red spectra of quinones present a number of interesting features. 醌类的红外光谱具有一些有趣的性质。
• This relation between the frequency and the field spectra was noted experimentally. 实验上已经发现频率和场频谱之间的这种关系。

3 spectrum   

n.谱，光谱，频谱；范围，幅度，系列

参考例句：

• This is a kind of atomic spectrum.这是一种原子光谱。
• We have known much of the constitution of the solar spectrum.关于太阳光谱的构成，我们已了解不少。

4 cadaver   

n.尸体

参考例句：

• Examination of a cadaver is to determine the cause of death.尸体解剖是为了确认死亡原因。
• He looked down again at the gaping mouth of the cadaver.他的眼光不由自主地又落到了死人张大的嘴上。

5 spine   

n.脊柱，脊椎；(动植物的)刺；书脊

参考例句：

• He broke his spine in a fall from a horse.他从马上跌下摔断了脊梁骨。
• His spine developed a slight curve.他的脊柱有点弯曲。

6 spherical   

adj.球形的；球面的

参考例句：

• The Earth is a nearly spherical planet.地球是一个近似球体的行星。
• Many engineers shy away from spherical projection methods.许多工程师对球面投影法有畏难情绪。

7 spiny   

adj.多刺的，刺状的；n.多刺的东西

参考例句：

• This is the Asiatic ornamental shrub with spiny branches and pink blossoms.这就是亚洲的一种观赏灌木，具有多刺的枝和粉红色的花。
• Stay away from a spiny cactus.远离多刺仙人掌。

8 applied   

adj.应用的；v.应用，适用

参考例句：

• She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
• This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。

9 splendor   

n.光彩；壮丽，华丽；显赫，辉煌

参考例句：

• Never in his life had he gazed on such splendor.他生平从没有见过如此辉煌壮丽的场面。
• All the splendor in the world is not worth a good friend.人世间所有的荣华富贵不如一个好朋友。

10 simplicity   

n.简单，简易；朴素；直率，单纯

参考例句：

• She dressed with elegant simplicity.她穿着朴素高雅。
• The beauty of this plan is its simplicity.简明扼要是这个计划的一大特点。

11 descended   

a.为...后裔的，出身于...的

参考例句：

• A mood of melancholy descended on us. 一种悲伤的情绪袭上我们的心头。
• The path descended the hill in a series of zigzags. 小路呈连续的之字形顺着山坡蜿蜒而下。

12 preservative   

n.防腐剂；防腐料；保护料；预防药

参考例句：

• New timber should be treated with a preservative.新采的圆木应进行防腐处理。
• Salt is a common food preservative.盐是一种常用的食物防腐剂。

13 spoilage   

n.（食物等）变质，损坏

参考例句：

• He was determined to track down the cause of food spoilage.他决心查出食品腐烂的原因。
• The principal methods of avoiding spoilage are the use of pure yeast strains as starters.防止啤酒变坏的主要方法是用纯酵母菌株发酵。