经济学人212:前南斯拉夫的航空公司

 　　Business

　　商业报道

　　Airlines in ex-Yugoslavia

　　前南斯拉夫的航空公司

　　Balkan unity¹?

　　巴尔干的航空公司们，联合起来？

　　Four airlines may have to merge²

　　四大航空公司不得不合并

　　EASTERN EUROPEAN airlines are sick.

　　东欧航线公司的日子可不好过。

　　Fuel is dear, their markets are small and budget airlines are poaching their passengers.

　　燃料费用高，市场容量小，就连廉价航空也正抢走他们的乘客。

　　Most eastern European airlines lose money.

　　多数东欧航线都赔钱经营。

　　Malev, Hungary's flag carrier, went bankrupt in February.

　　匈牙利航空公司Malev就于二月份以破产告终。

　　To avoid a similar fate, four Balkan airlines are considering a novel strategy: flying together.

　　为避免同样的命运，巴尔干的四大航空公司想出了一个新点子：比翼齐飞。

　　The idea is not officially on the agenda when the bosses of Croatia Airlines, Montenegro Airlines, Serbia's Jat and Slovenia's Adria meet in Montenegro on May 19th.

　　5月19号克罗地亚航空公司、黑山航空公司、塞尔维亚航空公司还有亚德里亚航空公司的老总见面时，这个点子还不在官方的议程上。

　　But it will be discussed behind closed doors.

　　但私下里这一问题也将得到讨论。

　　All are in debt and losing money,

　　四大公司目前全都负债累累、赔钱经营，

　　but between them they have many profitable routes.

　　但在他们之间，也确有一些航线可以挣钱。

　　Serving the scattered³ Balkan diasporas ought to be lucrative⁴.

　　为巴尔干半岛的侨民提供运输服务就应有利可图的。

　　Zoran Djurisic, the boss of Montenegro, says that before Yugoslavia collapsed⁵,

　　黑山航空的老板Zoran Djurisic说道，在南斯拉夫解体之前，这个市场里的客户数量多达1亿人之多，

　　it represented a market of 100m passengers a year, of which 7m flew with JAT or Adria.

　　其中700万的乘客乘坐的是塞尔维亚航空或者亚德里亚航空的航线。

　　Now, 11m people fly to or from the seven ex-Yugoslav states each year,

　　现在，每年1100万名从前南斯拉夫的七个国家起飞或降落的乘客中，

　　but only 4m use the four carriers meeting in Montenegro.

　　只有400万乘坐的是在黑山见面的四家航空公司的飞机。

　　Bosnia's BH airlines has only one functioning plane.

　　波斯尼亚的BH公司里能用的飞机只剩一架了。

　　Kosovo, with a large diaspora, has no domestic airline. And Macedonia's MAT went bust⁶ in 2010.

　　科索沃虽然有大量侨民，但是却没有国内的航空公司。2010年，MAT马其顿航空公司也难逃倒闭的命运。

　　Mr Djurisic, who called the summit, says that in the short run the four airlines must co-operate to cut costs.

　　邀请来各位高层的Djurisic先生说，在短期，四家航空公司必须合作才能削减成本。

　　He hopes that, in five to eight years, they might create a single airline for this whole area, including Bosnia, Macedonia and Kosovo. Vladimir Ognjenovic,

　　他希望5到8年间这些公司能建立一个服务于波黑，马其顿、科索沃等所有地区的统一航空公司。

　　the boss of Jat, says that such a merger⁷ is not realistic unless all are bought by another foreign airline.

　　塞尔维亚航空公司的经理Vladimir Ognjenovic说，除非有一个外国航空公司收购了我们的全部公司，否则合并就是不现实的。

　　All four have problems.

　　四家公司可谓家家有本难念的经。

　　Jat's ageing fleet glugs fuel and needs lots of costly⁸ maintenance.

　　塞尔维亚航空公司的飞机已然有年头了，不仅费油，而且维护费用也十分高昂。

　　Two recent attempts to find a buyer for it failed.

　　两次为自己寻找买家而不能。

　　Montenegro and Croatia Airlines are packed during the summer holidays but struggle to fill seats during the rest of the year.

　　黑山航空与克罗地亚航空的飞机在暑假时座无虚席，但其他时候则要尽力招徕顾客。

　　Adria was bailed⁹ out in September with 500m from the Slovene government. Now it is looking for a buyer.

　　亚德里亚航空公司从斯洛文尼亚政府手里拿到了5亿欧元用于度过难关。

　　If that fails, its last chance is to join forces with the other three, says Klemen Bostjancic, its boss.

　　现在它也在寻找买家。该公司的经理Klemen Bostjancic说道，如果不能成功的话，他就要最后一搏，与其他三家公司加入联盟。

　　A spokesman says Croatia Airlines is not interested in any type of merger with the other ex-Yugoslav airlines.

　　一名发言人说克罗地亚航空公司对任何形式的与前南斯拉夫航空公司的合作都不感兴趣。

　　But Croatia's minister of transport says that unless the airline revives, a merger with Adria is possible.

　　但是克罗地亚航空公司的运输部部长却说除非公司能够起死回生，否则还是有可能和亚德里亚航空公司合并的。

　　Luka Popovic, an analyst¹⁰, predicts that the burden of history will thwart¹¹ any merger.

　　分析师Luka Popovic预测道历史的负担将阻碍合并。

　　But the airlines may feel they have no choice.

　　但航空公司可能也别无他选，

　　And there is a precedent¹² for a merger in stages:

　　尤其是有个分阶段合并的先例摆在面前：

　　Scandinavian Airlines began as a co-operative venture between the airlines of Norway, Denmark and Sweden in 1946 and then merged¹³ in 1951.

　　挪威，丹麦航与瑞典航空这三大挪威航空公司在1946年联合投资了斯堪的纳维亚航空公司，并于1951年成功合并。

　　That could happen in the Balkans, too.

　　也许巴尔干的公司也应该这么做。

1 unity   

n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调

参考例句：

• When we speak of unity,we do not mean unprincipled peace.所谓团结，并非一团和气。
• We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies.大敌当前，我们必须加强团结。

2 merge   

v.(使)结合，(使)合并，(使)合为一体

参考例句：

• I can merge my two small businesses into a large one.我可以将我的两家小商店合并为一家大商行。
• The directors have decided to merge the two small firms together.董事们已决定把这两家小商号归并起来。

3 scattered   

adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的

参考例句：

• Gathering up his scattered papers,he pushed them into his case.他把散乱的文件收拾起来，塞进文件夹里。

4 lucrative   

adj.赚钱的，可获利的

参考例句：

• He decided to turn his hobby into a lucrative sideline.他决定把自己的爱好变成赚钱的副业。
• It was not a lucrative profession.那是一个没有多少油水的职业。

5 collapsed   

adj.倒塌的

参考例句：

• Jack collapsed in agony on the floor. 杰克十分痛苦地瘫倒在地板上。
• The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. 房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。

6 bust   

vt.打破；vi.爆裂；n.半身像；胸部

参考例句：

• I dropped my camera on the pavement and bust it. 我把照相机掉在人行道上摔坏了。
• She has worked up a lump of clay into a bust.她把一块黏土精心制作成一个半身像。

7 merger   

n.企业合并，并吞

参考例句：

• Acceptance of the offer is the first step to a merger.对这项提议的赞同是合并的第一步。
• Shareholders will be voting on the merger of the companies.股东们将投票表决公司合并问题。

8 costly   

adj.昂贵的，价值高的，豪华的

参考例句：

• It must be very costly to keep up a house like this.维修这么一幢房子一定很昂贵。
• This dictionary is very useful,only it is a bit costly.这本词典很有用，左不过贵了些。

9 bailed   

保释，帮助脱离困境( bail的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Fortunately the pilot bailed out before the plane crashed. 飞机坠毁之前，驾驶员幸运地跳伞了。
• Some water had been shipped and the cook bailed it out. 船里进了些水，厨师把水舀了出去。

10 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

11 thwart   

v.阻挠，妨碍，反对；adj.横(断的)

参考例句：

• We must thwart his malevolent schemes.我们决不能让他的恶毒阴谋得逞。
• I don't think that will thwart our purposes.我认为那不会使我们的目的受到挫折。

12 precedent   

n.先例，前例；惯例；adj.在前的，在先的

参考例句：

• Is there a precedent for what you want me to do?你要我做的事有前例可援吗？
• This is a wonderful achievement without precedent in Chinese history.这是中国历史上亘古未有的奇绩。

13 merged   

（使）混合( merge的过去式和过去分词 )； 相融； 融入； 渐渐消失在某物中

参考例句：

• Turf wars are inevitable when two departments are merged. 两个部门合并时总免不了争争权限。
• The small shops were merged into a large market. 那些小商店合并成为一个大商场。