经济学人35:印尼的特氟纶巨头

 　　Business; Face value; Indonesia's Teflon tycoon¹;

　　商业；商界精英；印尼的特氟纶巨头；

　　Aburizal Bakrie has survived controversy² in business and politics;

　　Aburizal Bakrie在商业和政治的论战中双双获胜；

　　Although Aburizal Bakrie, one of Indonesia's most prominent businessmen, lost his job as Indonesia's welfare minister last year, he is still managing to generate lots of political controversy. In October he took the reins³ of Golkar, the party created by Indonesia's former strongman, Suharto. Now he is trying to reshape the cabinet in his own image, calling for the suspension of the vice-president and the finance minister over their role in the bail-out of a local bank in 2008. Golkar lawmakers spent much of this week interrogating⁴ the pair in public hearings.

　　尽管印度尼西亚最卓越的商界人士之一Aburizal Bakrie在去年失去了印尼福利部部长的工作，但是他仍然在设法挑起众多的政治论战。在十月他掌管了由曾经的印尼巨头Suharto所创立的Golkar党。现在他正在尝试按照他自己的设想来重组内阁，并要求出于对副总统和财政部长在2008年对当地银行进行优先股分红中的职责考虑应中止他们的职务。Golkar的立法者这周花了很多时间去听取公众的声音。

　　Mr Bakrie's family business, meanwhile, continues to pull off improbable feats⁵. In November a consortium it led outmanoeuvred state-owned firms and a local rival to secure a stake in one of the world's biggest copper⁶ and gold mines, on the island of Sumbawa. The month before China Investment Corporation, a Chinese sovereign-wealth fund, had lent Bumi Resources, a big coal-mining firm in which the family owns a stake, $1.9 billion.

　　与此同时，Bakrie的家族企业连续取得一系列看似不可能完成的业绩。在十一月，它所领导的一个联营企业成功战胜了印尼的国有企业以及一家当地竞争对手而赢得一家位于松巴哇岛的全世界最大的金、铜开采企业之一的股份。而就在上一个月，中国投资有限责任公司——一个主权财富基金借给Bakrie家族控股的一个大型煤矿业开采公司Bumi Resources了19亿美元。

　　The deals crowned the family business's recovery from near collapse⁷ in 2008, when a plunge⁸ in the shares of six Bakrie-linked firms prompted the Indonesia Stock Exchange to close for three days. Even before that narrow escape, Mr Bakrie was notable as one of the few tycoons⁹ from Suharto's era to have managed to preserve his businesses and political clout¹⁰ despite the Asian crisis of 1997 and the transition to democracy the following year.

　　这些交易使得Bakrie家族成功的从2008年的崩溃中恢复过来。在那一年，六家Bakrie家族相关的公司股票的暴跌甚至一度使得印尼的证券交易所被迫关闭三天。而即使是在那九死一生（指08年的危机）之前，作为自Suharto时代以来能够从1997年的亚洲金融危机和次年的民主制过渡中全身而退并保留其商业和政治影响力的极少数的巨头之一，Bakrie依旧是声名显赫的。

　　Mr Bakrie's continued influence is the cause of much discussion in Jakarta. Bakrie-controlled companies cover the breadth of Indonesia's economy, including mining, oil and gas, palm oil, property, telecommunications and finance. So Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, Indonesia's president, stirred concerns about conflicts of interest when he appointed Mr Bakrie as minister with overall responsibility for the economy in 2004. Although he was put in charge of social welfare and public services instead after a reshuffle in 2005, the controversy only grew.

　　Bakrie持续的影响力导致了在雅加达（印尼首都）的很多讨论。Bakrie控制的公司覆盖了印尼经济的各行各业，包括采矿业、石油和天然气、棕榈油、房地产、电信以及金融等。因此当印尼的总统Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono在2004年任命Bakrie 作为大臣全权负责经济运作时曾一度为相关利益冲突绞尽脑汁。尽管Bakrie 在2005年的政府改组后被任命管理印尼的社会福利以及公众服务事业，那些（政治）论战相较以往只是更激烈而已。

　　In 2006 a devastating¹¹ mudflow erupted near a site in Java where Lapindo Brantas, a Bakrie-controlled company, was drilling for gas. The mud continues to flow today, and has displaced more than 16,000 people, swamping entire villages, factories and towns in toxic¹² sludge. Lapindo Brantas disavows any responsibility, despite claims that it had failed to use appropriate safety equipment while drilling. It insists the mudflow was triggered by an earthquake three days before—an explanation that has been dismissed by numerous international experts. Lapindo still has not compensated¹³ most of those displaced by the mudflow despite twice being ordered to do so by Mr Yudhoyono. A police investigation¹⁴ limped along for more than three years before officials announced last August that they were dropping the case. Soon after a special investigative committee of the House of Representatives, led by a member of Golkar, declared, with little scientific backing, that the mudflow was a natural disaster.

　　在2006年一次毁灭性的泥流突然爆发，且恰好发生在爪哇附近，在那里Bakrie控制的一家公司Lapindo Brantas正在开采天然气。泥流至今仍在持续，并使得超过16000的民众被迫转移，有毒的泥流淹没了整个村庄、工厂和小镇。Lapindo Brantas 公司拒绝对此承担任何责任，而仅仅宣称它在开采的过程中确实没有使用安全、合适的工具。它坚持说这次泥流是为三天前的地震所触发的——而这种解释被众多的国际专家所摒弃。Lapindo公司至今仍没有为那些因泥流而转移的大多数民众作出补偿，尽管Yudhoyono总统已经两次命令其这么做了。一个警方的调查有气无力的持续了三年，直到去年八月官方终于宣布他们不再关注此事。不久之后一个Golkar成员所领导的特别调查委员会——the House of Representatives在缺乏有力科学证据的情况下宣称泥流爆发仅仅是一场自然灾害而已。

　　Mr Bakrie kept his job through all this. Although he has since left the cabinet, other members of Golkar are still in it. The party remains¹⁵ in the governing coalition¹⁶ despite its spirited attacks on the vice-president and the finance minister, and its support of an investigation of the president's Democrat¹⁷ Party, which have been accused of embezzling¹⁸ government funds.

　　在以上这些事件中Bakrie总能保全他的工作。尽管他已经离开了内阁，但Golkar的其余成员仍旧在内阁任职。Golkar党仍然在政治联盟中占据着一席之地，它对副总统和财政部长进行不遗余力的攻击以及支持总统民主党的某项被指控贪污政府公款的研究。

　　Mr Bakrie rejects any suggestion that he wields¹⁹ undue²⁰ influence. In 2008 he threatened to sue Tempo²¹, one of the country's leading political magazines, after it ran a critical article featuring a caricature of his face with the number “666” on his forehead. By the same token, he has rejected the claim of Sri Mulyani Indrawati, the finance minister, that Golkar is pursuing her only because she has resisted special treatment for Bakrie family firms. He says he simply wants to hold public officials to account. Some observers believe his desire to serve the public good is so strong he may even run for president himself one day.

　　Mr Bakrie坚决否认那些他具有不正当影响的说法。在2008年，印尼的一家重要政治杂志《Tempo》在发布了一篇附有一幅额头上标有“666” 的Bakrie脸部漫画(针对他的)的批判性之后文章后，他还威胁到要起诉这家杂志。出于同样的原因，他也驳斥了财政部长Sri Mulyani Indrawati关于Golkar迫害她仅仅是因为她不屈从于Bakrie家族公司的特别手段的说法。他说他仅仅只是想要政府官员们负责而已。一些观察员相信他为公众服务的欲望是如此的强烈以至于终有一天他要亲自担任总统。

1 tycoon   

n.有钱有势的企业家，大亨

参考例句：

• The tycoon is on the verge of bankruptcy.那名大亨濒临破产的边缘。
• The tycoon has many servants to minister to his needs.那位大亨有很多人服侍他。

2 controversy   

n.争论，辩论，争吵

参考例句：

• That is a fact beyond controversy.那是一个无可争论的事实。
• We ran the risk of becoming the butt of every controversy.我们要冒使自己在所有的纷争中都成为众矢之的的风险。

3 reins   

感情，激情； 缰( rein的名词复数 )； 控制手段； 掌管； （成人带着幼儿走路以防其走失时用的）保护带

参考例句：

• She pulled gently on the reins. 她轻轻地拉着缰绳。
• The government has imposed strict reins on the import of luxury goods. 政府对奢侈品的进口有严格的控制手段。

4 interrogating   

n.询问技术v.询问( interrogate的现在分词 )；审问；（在计算机或其他机器上）查询

参考例句：

• She was no longer interrogating but lecturing. 她已经不是在审问而是在教训人了。 来自辞典例句
• His face remained blank, interrogating, slightly helpless. 他的面部仍然没有表情，只带有询问的意思，还有点无可奈何。 来自辞典例句

5 feats   

功绩，伟业，技艺( feat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• He used to astound his friends with feats of physical endurance. 过去，他表现出来的惊人耐力常让朋友们大吃一惊。
• His heroic feats made him a legend in his own time. 他的英雄业绩使他成了他那个时代的传奇人物。

6 copper   

n.铜；铜币；铜器；adj.铜(制)的；(紫)铜色的

参考例句：

• The students are asked to prove the purity of copper.要求学生们检验铜的纯度。
• Copper is a good medium for the conduction of heat and electricity.铜是热和电的良导体。

7 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

8 plunge   

v.跳入，(使)投入，(使)陷入；猛冲

参考例句：

• Test pool's water temperature before you plunge in.在你跳入之前你应该测试水温。
• That would plunge them in the broil of the two countries.那将会使他们陷入这两国的争斗之中。

9 tycoons   

大君( tycoon的名词复数 )； 将军； 企业巨头； 大亨

参考例句：

• The great tycoons were fierce competitors, single-minded in their pursuit of financial success and power. 企业巨头都是激烈的竞争者，他们一心追求钱财和权势。
• Tycoons and their conglomerates are even raising money again on international markets. 企业大亨们以及他们的企业甚至正再次从国际市场上筹集资金。

10 clout   

n.用手猛击；权力，影响力

参考例句：

• The queen may have privilege but she has no real political clout.女王有特权，但无真正的政治影响力。
• He gave the little boy a clout on the head.他在那小男孩的头部打了一下。

11 devastating   

adj.毁灭性的，令人震惊的，强有力的

参考例句：

• It is the most devastating storm in 20 years.这是20年来破坏性最大的风暴。
• Affairs do have a devastating effect on marriages.婚外情确实会对婚姻造成毁灭性的影响。

12 toxic   

adj.有毒的，因中毒引起的

参考例句：

• The factory had accidentally released a quantity of toxic waste into the sea.这家工厂意外泄漏大量有毒废物到海中。
• There is a risk that toxic chemicals might be blasted into the atmosphere.爆炸后有毒化学物质可能会进入大气层。

13 compensated   

补偿，报酬( compensate的过去式和过去分词 )； 给（某人）赔偿（或赔款）

参考例句：

• The marvelous acting compensated for the play's weak script. 本剧的精彩表演弥补了剧本的不足。
• I compensated his loss with money. 我赔偿他经济损失。

14 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

15 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

16 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

17 democrat   

n.民主主义者，民主人士；民主党党员

参考例句：

• The Democrat and the Public criticized each other.民主党人和共和党人互相攻击。
• About two years later,he was defeated by Democrat Jimmy Carter.大约两年后，他被民主党人杰米卡特击败。

18 embezzling   

v.贪污，盗用（公款）( embezzle的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Accordingly, object embezzling waste to be carried temporarily the schedule of administration. 因此，反对贪污浪费就提上了临时中央政府的议事日程。 来自互联网
• Some were sentenced for taking bribes, others executed for embezzling funds. 有的因受贿而被判刑，有的因侵吞公款而被判处死刑。 来自互联网

19 wields   

手持着使用（武器、工具等）( wield的第三人称单数 )； 具有； 运用（权力）； 施加（影响）

参考例句：

• She wields enormous power within the party. 她操纵着党内大权。
• He remains chairman, but wields little power at the company. 他还是主席，但在公司没有什么实权了。

20 undue   

adj.过分的；不适当的；未到期的

参考例句：

• Don't treat the matter with undue haste.不要过急地处理此事。
• It would be wise not to give undue importance to his criticisms.最好不要过分看重他的批评。

21 tempo   

n.(音乐的)速度；节奏，行进速度

参考例句：

• The boss is unsatisfied with the tardy tempo.老板不满于这种缓慢的进度。
• They waltz to the tempo of the music.他们跟着音乐的节奏跳华尔兹舞。