经济学人347:萨拉托加市的制造业(2)

 　　The nearby University of Albany’s College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering (CNSE), the first college in the world dedicated¹ to nanotechnology, is doing much the same. A decade ago Alain Kaloyeros, who runs it, set up a partnership² with industry and the state government. Some 300 companies have provided $13 billion to the college for labs and cleanrooms, and the state has contributed a further $1 billion. CNSE has provided some 80,000 square feet of professional-grade cleanroom space which it shares with the nano-industry. Students work both alongside and for private companies. Competitor firms, such as Tokyo Electron and Applied³ Materials, work almost next to each other.

　　附近的奥尔巴尼大学纳米科学和工程学院（CNSE）——世界上第一所致力于纳米技术的学院的做法也与此类似。十年前，该校负责人Alain Kaloyeros与企业及州政府建立起合作关系，约有300家公司为该校提供了130亿美元的资金修建起多间实验室及无尘室，州政府还追加了10亿美元的资金。CNSE还拿出总面积达80000平方英尺的专业级无尘室与纳米产业共享。该校的学生既是与私企并肩工作的人，也是为私企打工者。竞争对手公司，如东京电子和美国应用材料公司，工作地点几乎彼此紧挨着。

　　Arguably, the area has returned to its roots. GE Global Research, founded 112 years ago, traces its origins to a carriage barn in nearby Schenectady. After shrinking its manufacturing arm in the 1990s, it is bringing it back to New York, making high-energy-density batteries and digital x-ray-detectors. Other companies are also arriving, such as Air Liquide, one of GlobalFoundries’ suppliers, and Panalpina, a specialised logistics company. Sematech, a chip consortium, has moved to Albany from the high-tech⁴ magnet of Austin, Texas. Sinclair Schuller established Apprenda, his cloud-computing start-up, in Saratoga because it is in a “sweet spot”: boasting an educated workforce⁵, and just a few hours’ drive from Montreal, New York City and Boston. And, just to ice the cake, the area has the lowest per-capita county taxes in New York state.

　　可以说，萨拉托加已回归本源了。通用电气公司全球研究中心成立于112年前，源头可追溯至附近斯克内克塔迪（美国纽约州东部城市）市的一间马车谷仓。在二十世纪九十年代精简其制造部门之后，通用电气的制造部门又来到纽约，生产高能量密度电池及数字X线探测器。其他公司也纷纷入驻，如全球晶圆公司的供应商之一——法国液化空气集团；专业物流公司——瑞士泛亚班拿集团；芯片联营企业——半导体制造技术联盟也从素有“高科技磁石”之称的德克萨斯州奥斯汀迁到奥尔巴尼；Sinclair Schuller之所以在萨拉托加创立起他的云计算初创公司Apprenda，是因为此地为“最佳位置”——拥有受过良好教育的劳动力队伍，从蒙特利尔市、纽约市和波士顿到萨拉托加都只有几个小时的车程。而且，锦上添花的是该地区在纽约州人均县纳税额最低。

　　The ripple⁶ effects in the community have been profound: new housing, busy restaurants, more cultural diversity and jobs. The Capital Region’s unemployment rate, at 8.2%, is lower than both New York City’s and the nation’s. The story goes that the warring Mohawk and Mohican tribes could agree on just one thing: not to tell early European settlers about the healing springs of Saratoga. Today, Saratogans are only too happy to boast about the healing powers of high-tech.

　　这一综合地区的连锁反应影响深远：新建住宅群、顾客盈门的餐馆、更丰富的文化多样性及更多的工作机会。首府地区的失业率为8.2%，低于纽约市及全美的失业率。据说交战时期的莫霍克族和莫西干族只在一件事上能达成共识：不告诉欧洲早期殖民者萨拉托加有“康复泉”。现在，萨拉托加人很乐于夸赞其高科技的神奇疗效了。

1 dedicated   

adj.一心一意的；献身的；热诚的

参考例句：

• He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。
• His whole energies are dedicated to improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。

2 partnership   

n.合作关系，伙伴关系

参考例句：

• The company has gone into partnership with Swiss Bank Corporation.这家公司已经和瑞士银行公司建立合作关系。
• Martin has taken him into general partnership in his company.马丁已让他成为公司的普通合伙人。

3 applied   

adj.应用的；v.应用，适用

参考例句：

• She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
• This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。

4 high-tech   

adj.高科技的

参考例句：

• The economy is in the upswing which makes high-tech services in more demand too.经济在蓬勃发展，这就使对高科技服务的需求量也在加大。
• The quest of a cure for disease with high-tech has never ceased. 人们希望运用高科技治疗疾病的追求从未停止过。

5 workforce   

n.劳动大军，劳动力

参考例句：

• A large part of the workforce is employed in agriculture.劳动人口中一大部分受雇于农业。
• A quarter of the local workforce is unemployed.本地劳动力中有四分之一失业。

6 ripple   

n.涟波，涟漪，波纹，粗钢梳；vt.使...起涟漪，使起波纹； vi.呈波浪状，起伏前进

参考例句：

• The pebble made a ripple on the surface of the lake.石子在湖面上激起一个涟漪。
• The small ripple split upon the beach.小小的涟漪卷来，碎在沙滩上。