2023年经济学人 美国11天内倒闭四家银行

美国11天内倒闭四家银行

    The world this week--Business

    本周国际要闻--商业

    The Federal Reserve raised its benchmark interest rate by another quarter of a percentage point and signalled that more rate increases could come in its fight against inflation, despite higher rates triggering a series of bank failures.

    美联储将基准利率再上调25个基点，并暗示可能会进一步加息以抗通胀，尽管加息引发了一系列银行倒闭。

    In a statement, the Federal Open Market Committee said America’s banking¹ system was sound and resilient.

    在一份声明中，美国联邦公开市场委员会表示，美国银行体系稳健且有韧性。

    The committee voted to raise the federal funds rate to a target range of 4.75% to 5%, its highest since 2007.

    该委员会投票决定将联邦基金利率上调至4.75%至5%的目标区间，为2007年以来的最高水平。

    The decision followed the European Central Bank’s decision to lift rates on March 16th.

    该决定是在欧洲央行3月16日决定加息之后做出的。

    America’s treasury² secretary, Janet Yellen, ruled out an expansion of bank-deposit insurance or blanket guarantees for savers after four bank failures in 11 days.

    11天内四家银行倒闭，随后，美国财政部长珍妮特·耶伦不考虑扩大银行存款保险，不再为储户提供全面担保。

    Her comments came more than a week after the Treasury, the Fed and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation took swift action to protect depositors at Silicon³ Valley Bank, which specialised in banking services for tech startups, and Signature Bank, which is based in New York.

    在她发表上述言论的一周多前，美国财政部、美联储与联邦存款保险公司迅速采取行动，保护硅谷银行与签名银行的储户。硅谷银行专为科技初创企业提供银行服务，而签名银行总部位于纽约。

    Yet on March 22nd Mr Powell said that depositors “should assume” they are safe.

    然而在3月22日，鲍威尔表示存款人“应该认为”存款安全。

    UBS, Switzerland’s biggest bank, acquired Credit Suisse, its troubled rival, in an all-share emergency deal brokered⁴ by Swiss authorities for around SFr3bn ($3.2bn), a 60% discount on Credit Suisse’s stockmarket valuation.

    瑞士最大的银行瑞银集团在瑞士政府的斡旋下，以30亿瑞士法郎(约合32亿美元)的全股票交易紧急收购了陷入困境的竞争对手瑞士信贷，这笔交易让瑞士信贷股票估值打了6折。

    Holders⁵ of “Alternative-Tier 1” bonds issued by Credit Suisse were written off altogether.

    瑞士信贷发行的“额外一级”债券的持有人被全部注销。

    FINMA, the Swiss financial regulator, defended its decision to write down the bonds.

    瑞士金融市场监督管理局为其减记债券的决定进行了辩护。

    First Republic Bank, a lender based in California, has hired Lazard and JPMorgan Chase, two investment banks, as advisers⁶ amid discussions with potential investors⁷ and government officials to shore up its balance-sheet.

    总部位于加州的第一共和国银行已聘请了拉扎德和摩根大通这两家投行作为顾问，与潜在投资者和政府官员进行讨论，以支撑其资产负债表。

    It follows attempts to rescue the lender by 11 Wall Street banks.

    此前，11家华尔街银行曾试图拯救这家银行。

    First Republic’s share price has fallen by 89% this month.

    第一共和国银行的股价本月已下跌89%。

    Inflation in Britain rose unexpectedly in February.

    英国2月份通货膨胀率意外上升。

    Annual consumer-price inflation rose to 10.4% in February, up from 10.1% in January. That was higher than the 9.9% forecast by analysts⁸.

    2月份消费者物价通胀率同比上涨10.4%，高于1月份的10.1%。这一数字高于分析师预测的9.9%。

    Inflation in Canada eased to 5.2% in February, down from 5.9% in January.

    加拿大2月份的通货膨胀率从1月份的5.9%降至5.2%。

    It follows the Bank of Canada’s decision to keep interest rates unchanged for the first time in nine meetings, making it the first central bank across the G10 group of large economies to pause its rate-tightening cycle.

    此前，加拿大央行决定维持利率不变，这是九次会议以来的首次，使其成为10国集团大型经济体中第一家暂停加息周期的央行。

1 banking   

n.银行业，银行学，金融业

参考例句：

• John is launching his son on a career in banking.约翰打算让儿子在银行界谋一个新职位。
• He possesses an extensive knowledge of banking.他具有广博的银行业务知识。

2 treasury   

n.宝库；国库，金库；文库

参考例句：

• The Treasury was opposed in principle to the proposals.财政部原则上反对这些提案。
• This book is a treasury of useful information.这本书是有价值的信息宝库。

3 silicon   

n.硅(旧名矽)

参考例句：

• This company pioneered the use of silicon chip.这家公司开创了使用硅片的方法。
• A chip is a piece of silicon about the size of a postage stamp.芯片就是一枚邮票大小的硅片。

4 brokered   

adj.由权力经纪人安排（或控制）的v.做掮客（或中人等）( broker的过去式和过去分词 )；作为权力经纪人进行谈判；以中间人等身份安排…

参考例句：

• a peace plan brokered by the UN 由联合国出面协商的和平计划
• Your husband brokered the deal to go in, transfrer the assets and get our man out. 你丈夫后来插了一脚，把生意都抢了过去，我们的人也被挤了出来。 来自电影对白

5 holders   

支持物( holder的名词复数 )； 持有者； （支票等）持有人； 支托（或握持）…之物

参考例句：

• Slaves were mercilessly ground down by slave holders. 奴隶受奴隶主的残酷压迫。
• It is recognition of compassion's part that leads the up-holders of capital punishment to accuse the abolitionists of sentimentality in being more sorry for the murderer than for his victim. 正是对怜悯的作用有了认识，才使得死刑的提倡者指控主张废除死刑的人感情用事，同情谋杀犯胜过同情受害者。

6 advisers   

顾问，劝告者( adviser的名词复数 )； （指导大学新生学科问题等的）指导教授

参考例句：

• a member of the President's favoured circle of advisers 总统宠爱的顾问班子中的一员
• She withdrew to confer with her advisers before announcing a decision. 她先去请教顾问然后再宣布决定。

7 investors   

n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
• a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会

8 analysts   

分析家，化验员( analyst的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
• I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。