2023年经济学人 美国制裁以色列定居者

美国制裁以色列定居者

The world this week--Politics

本周国际要闻--政治

Israel brought its fight against Hamas to southern Gaza, encircling Khan Younis, where Hamas has consolidated¹ its position after losing control of northern Gaza. 以色列将打击哈马斯的战斗带到了加沙南部，包围了汗尤尼斯。哈马斯在失去对加沙北部的控制后，在汗尤尼斯巩固了自己的地位。

Israeli warplanes stepped up their bombardment of the Palestinian strip. 以色列战机加紧了对巴勒斯坦地带的轰炸。

The fighting resumed after the collapse² of a week-long ceasefire, which America and Israel blamed on Hamas for breaking its promise to release more hostages, firing rockets while the truce³ was in place and killing⁴ civilians⁶ in an attack in Jerusalem. 在为期一周的停火协议破裂后，加沙战火重启。美国和以色列指责哈马斯违背了释放更多人质的承诺，指责哈马斯在停火协议生效期间发射火箭弹，并在耶路撒冷发动袭击杀害平民。

With battles raging in the area where Gazans had sought shelter, concerns grew about civilian⁵ casualties.

战争在加沙人寻求庇护的地区愈演愈烈，人们对平民伤亡的担忧日益加剧。

Hospitals are said to be running low on fuel and medical supplies.

据说医院的燃料和医疗用品都快用完了。

America imposed visa sanctions on extremist Israeli settlers who are involved in attacks on Palestinians in the West Bank. 一些极端的以色列定居者参与了对约旦河西岸巴勒斯坦人的袭击，美国对这些人实施了签证制裁。

Antony Blinken, America’s secretary of state, has pressed the Israeli government to do more to hold settlers who commit violence accountable for their actions.

美国国务卿安东尼·布林肯敦促以色列政府采取更多措施，要求那些实施暴力的定居者为自己的行为负责。

Vladimir Putin visited Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, where he discussed oil (Russia is a big contributor to OPEC+) and business (the UAE is a hub for Russian business dealings). 弗拉基米尔·普京访问了沙特阿拉伯和阿拉伯联合酋长国。普京在这些国家讨论了石油(俄罗斯是欧佩克+的重要贡献国)和商业(阿联酋是俄罗斯商业交易的中心)。

Mr Putin was also set to meet Iran’s president, Ebrahim Raisi, in Moscow.

普京还将在莫斯科会见伊朗总统易卜拉欣·莱希。

Iran supplies drones to Russia for its war on Ukraine.

伊朗向俄罗斯对乌克兰的战争提供数架无人机。

The military junta⁷ in Niger scrapped⁸ its military partnership⁹ with the European Union, which had been helping¹⁰ it fight against jihadists. 尼日尔军政府取消了与欧盟的军事伙伴关系。欧盟一直在帮助尼日尔军政府打击圣战分子。

Niger’s defence ministry¹¹ said his country wants closer military co-operation with Russia.

尼日尔国防部表示，尼日尔希望与俄罗斯加强军事合作。

The death toll¹² rose from flooding in Tanzania. 坦桑尼亚洪水造成的死亡人数上升。

Some 300 people in east Africa have died recently, half of them in Kenya, in floods and landslides¹³ related to the El Nino climate pattern, which is causing unusually heavy rains in the region.

近期，东非约有300人死于与厄尔尼诺气候模式有关的洪水和山体滑坡，其中一半(150人)死在肯尼亚。厄尔尼诺气候模式给该地区带来了反常的暴雨。

Nigeria’s air force killed at least 85 civilians when it mistakenly bombed a religious gathering¹⁴ in the northern state of Kaduna. 尼日利亚空军误炸了北部卡杜纳州的一个宗教集会，造成至少85名平民死亡。

The government has been battling jihadists and armed groups of bandits, who have terrorised large parts of the north.

尼日利亚政府一直在与圣战分子和武装匪徒团体作战，这些团体曾在北部大部分地区制造恐怖。

Nicolas Maduro, Venezuela’s autocratic president, held a referendum asking voters if they wanted to annex¹⁵ two-thirds of neighbouring Guyana, which has benefited from discoveries of huge oil reserves. 委内瑞拉独裁总统尼古拉斯·马杜罗举行了全民公投，询问选民是否希望吞并邻国圭亚那三分之二的领土。圭亚那因发现了巨大的石油储量而获益。

The exercise was skewed in favour of a yes vote as there was no official “no” campaign. 由于没有官方的“反对”运动，这次投票结果偏向于赞成。

The electoral authority claimed that over 10m people voted, an unlikely figure, given that few were seen at polling-stations.

选举当局声称，超过1000万人参加了投票，这是一个不太可能的数字，因为投票站的投票者很少。

Even so, Brazil sent troops and 16 armoured vehicles to the border with Venezuela.

即便如此，巴西还是向该国与委内瑞拉的边境派遣了军队和16辆装甲车。

1 consolidated   

a.联合的

参考例句：

• With this new movie he has consolidated his position as the country's leading director. 他新执导的影片巩固了他作为全国最佳导演的地位。
• Those two banks have consolidated and formed a single large bank. 那两家银行已合并成一家大银行。

2 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

3 truce   

n.休战，(争执，烦恼等的)缓和；v.以停战结束

参考例句：

• The hot weather gave the old man a truce from rheumatism.热天使这位老人暂时免受风湿病之苦。
• She had thought of flying out to breathe the fresh air in an interval of truce.她想跑出去呼吸一下休战期间的新鲜空气。

4 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

5 civilian   

adj.平民的，民用的，民众的

参考例句：

• There is no reliable information about civilian casualties.关于平民的伤亡还没有确凿的信息。
• He resigned his commission to take up a civilian job.他辞去军职而从事平民工作。

6 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

7 junta   

n.团体；政务审议会

参考例句：

• The junta reacted violently to the perceived threat to its authority.军政府感到自身权力受威胁而进行了激烈反击。
• A military junta took control of the country.一个军政权控制了国家。

8 scrapped   

废弃(scrap的过去式与过去分词)； 打架

参考例句：

• This machine is so old that it will soon have to be scrapped. 这架机器太旧，快报废了。
• It had been thought that passport controls would be scrapped. 人们曾认为会放开护照管制。

9 partnership   

n.合作关系，伙伴关系

参考例句：

• The company has gone into partnership with Swiss Bank Corporation.这家公司已经和瑞士银行公司建立合作关系。
• Martin has taken him into general partnership in his company.马丁已让他成为公司的普通合伙人。

10 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

11 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

12 toll   

n.过路(桥)费；损失，伤亡人数；v.敲(钟)

参考例句：

• The hailstone took a heavy toll of the crops in our village last night.昨晚那场冰雹损坏了我们村的庄稼。
• The war took a heavy toll of human life.这次战争夺去了许多人的生命。

13 landslides   

山崩( landslide的名词复数 )； （山坡、悬崖等的）崩塌； 滑坡； （竞选中）一方选票占压倒性多数

参考例句：

• Landslides have cut off many villages in remote areas. 滑坡使边远地区的许多村庄与外界隔绝。
• The storm caused landslides and flooding in Savona. 风暴致使萨沃纳发生塌方和洪灾。

14 gathering   

n.集会，聚会，聚集

参考例句：

• He called on Mr. White to speak at the gathering.他请怀特先生在集会上讲话。
• He is on the wing gathering material for his novels.他正忙于为他的小说收集资料。

15 annex   

vt.兼并，吞并；n.附属建筑物

参考例句：

• It plans to annex an England company in order to enlarge the market.它计划兼并一家英国公司以扩大市场。
• The annex has been built on to the main building.主楼配建有附属的建筑物。