2023年经济学人 美国各州为何更换旗帜（1）

 

美国各州为何更换旗帜（1）

    The lobster¹ is ubiquitous in Maine.

    龙虾在缅因州随处可见。

    Its image is on everything from licence plates to home decor.

    从车牌到家居装饰，它的形象无处不在。

    Now another emblem² is growing in popularity: a green pine tree with a blue North Star, designed by Bethany Field and Chris Korzen, founders³ of Maine Flag Company and Original Maine.

    现在，另一种标志越来越受欢迎:一棵绿色的松树，上面有一颗蓝色的北极星，由缅因州旗帜公司和原始缅因州的创始人贝瑟尼·菲尔德和克里斯·科尔岑设计。

    Their hand-stitched flags are inspired by the original 1901 official flag of Maine and also nod to the state’s maritime⁴ burgee.

    他们手工缝制的旗帜的灵感来自于1901年缅因州的官方旗帜，同时也向该州的航海燕尾旗致敬。

    It can be found on sweatshirts, car bumpers⁵, Adirondack-chair cushions and front porches.

    在运动衫、汽车保险杠、阿迪朗达克椅靠垫和前廊上都可以找到它。

    Its grassroots popularity has given momentum⁶ to a legislative⁷ proposal to switch from the current official state flag, which features the state seal, to a version of the simpler 1901 banner.

    它在基层的受欢迎程度为一项立法提案提供了动力，该提案要求将目前带有州徽的官方州旗改为更简单的1901年州旗版本。

    Other states are changing their flags.

    其他州也在更换国旗。

    In March Utah swapped⁸ its busy seal for a big beehive, a symbol of industriousness⁹.

    3月，犹他州用勤劳的象征——大蜂巢取代了忙碌的图标。

    As simple and lovely as this is, it is not without controversy¹⁰.

    尽管这图案简单可爱，但也并非没有异议。

    Some say the flag, which also has Native American symbolism, is “woke” (despite being proposed by a conservative Republican) and want the old one back.

    一些人说，这面同样具有印第安人象征意义的国旗是“觉醒的”(尽管是由一位保守的共和党人提出的)，他们想要恢复旧的国旗。

    Mississippi scrapped¹¹ its flag in 2020, because of its Confederate imagery.

    密西西比州在2020年废除了它的国旗，因为它有南部邦联的形象。

    Massachusetts and Minnesota want to redesign their banners, each based on a seal with troubling depictions of Native Americans.

    马萨诸塞州和明尼苏达州希望重新设计他们的旗帜，因为这些旗帜都是基于印第安人的印章，其描绘的形象令人不安。

    Many municipal flags are terrible, too.

    许多市政旗帜也很糟糕。

    “Why city flags may be the worst-designed thing you’ve never noticed”, a ted¹² talk by Roman Mars, a podcaster, in 2015, shone a light on how awful many official flags are.

    “为什么城市旗帜可能是你从未注意到的最糟糕的设计”，播客主持人罗曼·马尔斯在2015年的一次TED演讲中揭示了许多官方旗帜的糟糕形象。

    Since his talk, which has had 7m views, the North American Vexillological Association has documented more than 300 cities redesigning flags.

    自他演讲结束以来，该视频已经有700万的浏览量，北美旗帜协会记录了300多个城市重新设计旗帜的情况。

1 lobster   

n.龙虾，龙虾肉

参考例句：

• The lobster is a shellfish.龙虾是水生贝壳动物。
• I like lobster but it does not like me.我喜欢吃龙虾，但它不适宜于我的健康。

2 emblem   

n.象征，标志；徽章

参考例句：

• Her shirt has the company emblem on it.她的衬衫印有公司的标记。
• The eagle was an emblem of strength and courage.鹰是力量和勇气的象征。

3 founders   

n.创始人( founder的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• He was one of the founders of the university's medical faculty. 他是该大学医学院的创建人之一。 来自辞典例句
• The founders of our religion made this a cornerstone of morality. 我们宗教的创始人把这看作是道德的基石。 来自辞典例句

4 maritime   

adj.海的，海事的，航海的，近海的，沿海的

参考例句：

• Many maritime people are fishermen.许多居于海滨的人是渔夫。
• The temperature change in winter is less in maritime areas.冬季沿海的温差较小。

5 bumpers   

（汽车上的）保险杠，缓冲器( bumper的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Our bumpers just grazed (ie touched each other) as we passed. 我们错车时保险互相蹭了一下。
• Car stickers can be attached to the bumpers or windows. 汽车贴纸可以贴在防撞杆上或车窗上。

6 momentum   

n.动力，冲力，势头；动量

参考例句：

• We exploit the energy and momentum conservation laws in this way.我们就是这样利用能量和动量守恒定律的。
• The law of momentum conservation could supplant Newton's third law.动量守恒定律可以取代牛顿第三定律。

7 legislative   

n.立法机构，立法权；adj.立法的，有立法权的

参考例句：

• Congress is the legislative branch of the U.S. government.国会是美国政府的立法部门。
• Today's hearing was just the first step in the legislative process.今天的听证会只是展开立法程序的第一步。

8 swapped   

交换（工作）( swap的过去式和过去分词 )； 用…替换，把…换成，掉换（过来）

参考例句：

• I liked her coat and she liked mine, so we swapped. 我喜欢她的外套，她喜欢我的外套，于是我们就交换了。
• At half-time the manager swapped some of the players around. 经理在半场时把几名队员换下了场。

9 industriousness   

n.勤奋

参考例句：

• Aunt Harriet could not find words to praise Bessie's industriousness and efficiency. 哈丽特不知该用什么言辞来赞扬贝西的勤奋与高效。 来自新概念英语第三册
• They have brought to our country an industriousness that boosts our economy. 他们带来的勤奋精神促进了我们经济的发展。

10 controversy   

n.争论，辩论，争吵

参考例句：

• That is a fact beyond controversy.那是一个无可争论的事实。
• We ran the risk of becoming the butt of every controversy.我们要冒使自己在所有的纷争中都成为众矢之的的风险。

11 scrapped   

废弃(scrap的过去式与过去分词)； 打架

参考例句：

• This machine is so old that it will soon have to be scrapped. 这架机器太旧，快报废了。
• It had been thought that passport controls would be scrapped. 人们曾认为会放开护照管制。

12 ted   

vt.翻晒，撒，撒开

参考例句：

• The invaders gut ted the village.侵略者把村中财物洗劫一空。
• She often teds the corn when it's sunny.天好的时候她就翻晒玉米。