新概念英语第三册lesson 18 Electric currents in modern

Lesson 18: Electric currents in modern art
           现代艺术的电流
         
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
How might some of the exhibits have been dangerous?

    Modern sculpture rarely surprises us any more. The idea that modern art can only be seen in museums is mistaken. Even people who take no interest in art cannot have failed to notice examples of modern sculpture on display in public places. Strange forms stand in gardens, and outside buildings and shops. We have got quite used to them. Some so-called 'modern' pieces have been on display for nearly eighty years.
    In spite of this, some people -- including myself -- were surprise by a recent exhibition of modern sculpture. The first thing I saw when I entered the art gallery was a notice which said: 'Do not touch the exhibits. Some of them are dangerous!' The objects on display were pieces of moving sculpture. Oddly shaped forms that are suspended form the ceiling and move in response to a gust¹ of wind are quite familiar to everybody. These objects, however, were different. Lined up against the wall, there were long thin wires attached to metal spheres. The spheres had been magnetized and attracted or repelled³ each other all the time. In the centre of the hall, there were a number of tall structures which contained coloured lights. These lights flickered⁵ continuously like traffic lights which have gone mad. Sparks were emitted from small black boxes and red lamps flashed on and off angrily. It was rather like an exhibition of prehistoric⁶ electronic equipment. These peculiar⁷ forms not only seemed designed to shock people emotionally, but to give them electric shocks as well!

New words and expressions 生词和短语

     current
n.   电流

     sculpture
n.   雕塑

     mistaken
adj. 错误的

     gallery
n.   美术馆

     exhibit
n.   展品，陈列品

     oddly
adv. 古怪的

     attach
v.   连，系

     sphere
n.   球体

     magnetize
v.   使磁化

     repel²
v.   排斥

     flicker⁴
v.   闪烁

     emit
v.   放射

     flash
v.   闪光

     prehistoric
adj. 史前的，老掉牙的

     electronic
adj. 电子的

     peculiar
adj. 奇异的

     shock
v.   令人震惊，刺激人

     emotionally
adv. 事情上

参考译文

    现代雕塑不再使我们感到惊讶了。那种认为现代艺术只能在博物馆里才能看到的观点是错误的。即使是对艺术不感兴趣的人也不会注意到在公共场所展示的现代艺术品。公园里、大楼和商店外竖立着的奇形怪状的雕塑，对这些，我们已经司空见惯了。有些所谓的“现代”艺术品在那里已经陈列了近80年了。
    尽管如此，最近举办的一次现代雕塑展览还是使一些人（包括我在内）大吃了一惊。走进展厅首先看到的是一张告示，上面写着“切勿触摸展品，某些展品有危险！”展品都是些活动的雕像。人们所熟悉的是悬挂在天花板上、造型奇特、随风飘荡的雕塑品。这些展品却使人大开眼界。靠墙排列着许多细长的电线，而电线又连着金属球。金属球经过磁化，互相之间不停地相互吸引或相互排斥。展厅中央是装有彩色灯泡的许多高高的构件，灯泡一刻不停地闪烁着，就像失去了控制的红绿灯。小黑盒子里迸出火花，红色灯泡发怒似地忽明忽暗。这儿倒像是在展览古老的电子设备。好像设计这些奇形怪状的展品不仅是为了给人感情上的强烈刺激，而且还想给人以电击似的！

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　　自学导读
Notes on the text课文注释
1  The idea that…  is  mistaken.
此处that引导的从句作idea的同位语。
2  take no interest in…，作“对……不感兴趣”解。
3  cannot have failed to notice, 不至于没注意到。
“cannot+have+过去分词”表示对于过去的事所作的不肯定的推测。
4  move in response  to  a gust of wind，随风飘荡。
in response(to)作“回答’、“响应”、“作出反应”讲。此处是“（展品）随风而动”的意思。
5  be familiar to…是“为……所熟悉”的意思。
6  Lined up against the wall, 靠墙排列着。
7  like traffic lights which have gone mad, 就像失去控制的红绿灯一样。
go mad作“发疯”、“发狂”讲。
8  on and off（亦作 off and on）作“断断续续地”、“有时”讲。
9  These  peculiar  forms  not only  seemed  designed…，其中seemed是系动词，seemed  designed 作用与were designed是一样的。

　　Multiple choice questions
多项选择题
Choose the correct answers to the following questions.
Comprehension 理解
1  Modern sculpture rarely surprises us any more because ______ .
a．even if not in museums, we see it in and around other public places
b．despite people's lack of interest in art, it is put on display
c．people not only display it in their houses but in their gardens also
d．museums have been exhibiting it for nearly eighty years
2  What surprised the writer when he visited a recent exhibition of modern sculpture?
a．The tact⁸ that people were forbidden to touch the exhibits.
b．The oddly shaped forms that were suspended from the ceiling.
c．The way in which electrical energy was used to produce mobile effects.
d．The prehistoric electronic equipment used to activate⁹ the exhibits.
3  The pieces of sculpture on display at the exhibition were ______ .
a．noticed because they were dangerous
b．either hung on wires or built into the middle of the hall
c．flickering¹⁰ continuously with different coloured lights
d．such that one could not pass them unnoticed though it seemed wiser to pass them untouched
Structure 结构
4  ----‘modern’pieces ______ on display nearly eighty years ago. (11. 6－7)
a．have been
b．are first
c．were first
d．had been
5  The first thing I saw ______ to the art gallery…(1. 9)
a．on my arrival
b．on entering
c．at the entrance
d．having arrived
6  The notice prohibited people ______ the exhibits. (11. 9－10)
a．to touch
b．from touching¹¹
c．touching
d．not to touch
7  The spheres had been magnetized ______ attracted or repelled each other…(1. 13)
a．so that they
b．so they were
c．so as they had
d．in order that they
8  These peculiar forms ______ to shock people emotionally and to…(11. 17－18)
a．both seemed designed
b．seemed both designed
c．seemed both designed and
d．seemed designed both
Vocabulay 词汇
9  ----forms that are suspended from the ceiling and move ______ are…(11. 10－11)a．at one blow
b．all of a sudden
c．with a light touch
d．at the slightest breath
10  Small black boxes ______ sparks…(1. 15)
a．gave off
b．sent by
c．gave over
d．throw off
11  There were a number of tall structures ______ in different colours. (1. 14)
a．enlightened
b．illuminated¹²
c．alighted
d．burning
12  These peculiar forms not only seemed ______ to shock people…(11. 17－18)
a．drawn¹³
b．planned
c．intended
d．created

　　【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
★current
n.   电流
current n. the flow of electricity 电流
a continuous movement of water 水流
adj. 目前的，现在的　current affairs 时事
currency n. 流通（货币）
currently adv.普遍地，通常地，现在，当前
★sculpture
n.   雕塑
sculptural adj. 雕塑的，雕刻般的
sculptor¹⁴ n.雕刻家
★mistaken
adj. 错误的
mistaken adj. incorrect;wrong;misunderstood
Eg.: The teacher has mistaken opinion of his pupil,Her doesn's use simple plain language and he is often mistaken.
make a mistake/by mistake 弄错了
He took my umbrella by mistake.
and no mistake 确实如此
Eg.: He is honest and no mistake.
mistake vt.
mistake sb.for 把某人误认为
Eg.: Yesterday I mistook him for my classmate.
★gallery
n.   美术馆
★exhibit
n.   展品，陈列品
exhibit: show in public
exhibition n. 展览会
Eg.: We went to an exhibition to visit exhibits.
★oddly
adv. 古怪的
oddly: strangely
odd adj. 古怪的
strange adj. 因为陌生而奇怪的
queer adj. 奇特的
Eg.: Look,he is wearing a queer hat.
fantastic adj.奇妙的
eccentric adj. 怪癖的；He is an eccentric person.
★attach
v.   连，系
attach vt. 系、拴、粘上，贴上
attach to
Eg.: He attached the lamb to a tree.
attach to sb.for sth. 因为某事而把……加再某人身上
Eg.: We didn't attach blame to him for his failure.
attach importance to sth. 对某事非常重视
Eg.: We attach importance to education
be attached to sth: 喜欢，喜爱
Eg.: I'm very attached to her.
attachment¹⁵ n.固定，爱慕，友情，附着
★sphere
n.   球体
★magnetize
v.   使磁化
magnetize vt.
Eg.: The iron was magnetied.
His speech magnetized the listeners.
★repel
v.   排斥
repel vt.: to drive back;cause feelings of dislike
Eg.: The different sexes attract each other and the same sexes repel on the contrary.
Eg.: Let me go at once,you repel me.
★flicker
v.   闪烁
flicker v. shine unsteadily
flash v. shine for a moment
★emit
v.   放射
emit v. give off
emit sound/emit smell/emit light/emit heat/emit smoke
★flash
v.   闪光
★prehistoric
adj. 史前的，老掉牙的
★electronic
adj. 电子的
★peculiar
adj. 奇异的
peculiar adj. strange and unusual
Eg.: The food has peculiar taste.
Eg.: I'm feelin rather peculiar.
★shock
v.   令人震惊，刺激人
get shocked 受震动
At the news, the got shocked
shock n.震惊：get a big shock
★emotionally
adv. 事情上
emotional adj. 易激动的，情绪的，感情脆弱的
emotive adj.引起情绪反应的
The word home is more emotive than house.
emotionally;emotional,unemotional;emotive;emotion;feeling
Eg.: I think you agree with me,women are often said to be more emotional than men.
反义词　unemotional
emotion n. 感情；　Eg.: Love,hated,
and grief are emotions.
feeling n. 某时的内心感受
Eg.: I can't descibe my feeling now.

　　【课文讲解】
rarely: seldom
We are not surprised at modern sculpture...
that 引导同位语从句，修饰限定the idea 的内容
Eg.: The idea that one can learn English well in Englis-speaking countries is mistaken.
重点句式结构
who take no interest in art 修饰说明people
take interest in 对……感兴趣；take delight in 对……感到高兴
take pride in 对……感到骄傲
show interest in 显示对……的兴趣
cannot;failed to 双重否定意味着肯定
He must have passed his examination last week.
He cannot have failed to pass his examination last week.
You must keep your promise.
You can't fail to keep your promise.
on display/on show 展览，展出
We can see sculptures everywhere
用夸张的口吻表明事实
in spite of this 尽管如此
作者表明了自己的观点
重点句型：The first thing...was a notice which said...
定语从句省略　that
The sculpture can move.
Oddly...that...
that引导的定语从句用来限定shaped forms
are ... familiar to ...谓语
句子主干：Oddly shaped forms are familiar to everybody
that 定语从句中：in response to/in reaction to 作为对……的反应
be familiar to sb.对某人来讲很熟悉
Eg.: The house is familiar to him.
Eg.: I don't really remember where I have seen him before,but he looks very familiar to me
familiar with 熟悉，熟知
Are you familiar with the play of Shakespeare?
I'm familiar with that book too.
be familiar to sb./be familiar with sth.
lined up 过去分词做状语，与long with wires 为被动关系
attached to <I>meta</I>l spheres 过去分词做定语，修饰long thin wires
定语从句
there were long thin wires that were attached to <I>meta</I>l sphers.
the center of the hall 展厅的中央
coloured lights 彩色灯泡
continuously adv. 不停止的
go mad 发疯，发狂：run mad
He must have gone mad to do such a thing.
on and off: continuously
Eg.: It has been raining on and of since noon.
It was rather like...
It was more like...
Key structure
...not only seemed designed to do sth.
not only...but ...as well
seem 系动词＋名词／形容词／分词

Key structures】
1...take no interest in art...on display...
2...got used to...
3...fromthe ceiling...in response to...familiar to...
4...attached to...

Spelling in special difficulties】
以元音加ｙ结尾的名词，加ｓ时，不做任何改变；动词也是如此
day---days
way---ways
enjoy---enjoys
buy---buys
以辅音加ｙ结尾的词，加ｓ时，ｙ改作－ies
lady---ladies
berry---berries
reply---replies

Multiple choice questions】
1. A正确
2. C正确
3. D正确  one could not pass them unnoticed
can not pass something unnoticed
The dress is so beautiful theat I can't pass it unnoticed
4. C正确　eighty years ago
5. C正确　at the entrance    arrival in/at
6. prohibit: 阻止、禁止　　prohibit somebody from doing something
重点强调法律或条例明文禁止　forbid somebody to do something
7. A正确　so that 表示目的和结果
8. D正确　both...and
9. D正确　at one blow强调一次重击　all of a sudden-suddenly
with a light touch
10 A正确　gave off
11 B正确　illuminate: 照亮　alighted: 不及物动词　下来，下车
形容词相当于burning
12 C正确　be intended for
draw: 画　draw a picture 支取

1 gust   

n.阵风，突然一阵（雨、烟等），（感情的）迸发

参考例句：

• A gust of wind blew the front door shut.一阵大风吹来，把前门关上了。
• A gust of happiness swept through her.一股幸福的暖流流遍她的全身。

2 repel   

v.击退，抵制，拒绝，排斥

参考例句：

• A country must have the will to repel any invader.一个国家得有决心击退任何入侵者。
• Particles with similar electric charges repel each other.电荷同性的分子互相排斥。

3 repelled   

v.击退( repel的过去式和过去分词 )；使厌恶；排斥；推开

参考例句：

• They repelled the enemy. 他们击退了敌军。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The minister tremulously, but decidedly, repelled the old man's arm. 而丁梅斯代尔牧师却哆里哆嗦地断然推开了那老人的胳臂。 来自英汉文学 - 红字

4 flicker   

vi./n.闪烁，摇曳，闪现

参考例句：

• There was a flicker of lights coming from the abandoned house.这所废弃的房屋中有灯光闪烁。
• At first,the flame may be a small flicker,barely shining.开始时，光辉可能是微弱地忽隐忽现，几乎并不灿烂。

5 flickered   

（通常指灯光）闪烁，摇曳( flicker的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The lights flickered and went out. 灯光闪了闪就熄了。
• These lights flickered continuously like traffic lights which have gone mad. 这些灯象发狂的交通灯一样不停地闪动着。

6 prehistoric   

adj.（有记载的）历史以前的，史前的，古老的

参考例句：

• They have found prehistoric remains.他们发现了史前遗迹。
• It was rather like an exhibition of prehistoric electronic equipment.这儿倒像是在展览古老的电子设备。

7 peculiar   

adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的

参考例句：

• He walks in a peculiar fashion.他走路的样子很奇特。
• He looked at me with a very peculiar expression.他用一种很奇怪的表情看着我。

8 tact   

n.机敏，圆滑，得体

参考例句：

• She showed great tact in dealing with a tricky situation.她处理棘手的局面表现得十分老练。
• Tact is a valuable commodity.圆滑老练是很有用处的。

9 activate   

vt.使活动起来，使开始起作用

参考例句：

• We must activate the youth to study.我们要激励青年去学习。
• These push buttons can activate the elevator.这些按钮能启动电梯。

10 flickering   

adj.闪烁的，摇曳的，一闪一闪的

参考例句：

• The crisp autumn wind is flickering away. 清爽的秋风正在吹拂。
• The lights keep flickering. 灯光忽明忽暗。

11 touching   

adj.动人的，使人感伤的

参考例句：

• It was a touching sight.这是一幅动人的景象。
• His letter was touching.他的信很感人。

12 illuminated   

adj.被照明的；受启迪的

参考例句：

• Floodlights illuminated the stadium. 泛光灯照亮了体育场。
• the illuminated city at night 夜幕中万家灯火的城市

13 drawn   

v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的

参考例句：

• All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。
• Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。

14 sculptor   

n.雕刻家，雕刻家

参考例句：

• A sculptor forms her material.雕塑家把材料塑造成雕塑品。
• The sculptor rounded the clay into a sphere.那位雕塑家把黏土做成了一个球状。

15 attachment   

n.附属物，附件；依恋；依附

参考例句：

• She has a great attachment to her sister.她十分依恋她的姐姐。
• She's on attachment to the Ministry of Defense.她现在隶属于国防部。