美国国家公共电台 NPR Utah's 'Free-Range' Parenting Law Protects Parents So Kids Can Roam

 

KORVA COLEMAN, HOST:

In 2015, two children, ages 10 and 6, were walking home alone from a park in Silver Spring, Md. They were picked up by police and held by child protective services. Their parents were charged with neglect. But they were supporters of a so-called free-range parenting style that encourages independence and exploration for children. Now the state of Utah has made an important move in this controversial issue. It's the first state in the country to protect free-range parenting. Republican State Senator Lincoln Fillmore sponsored the bill. And he joins us from the studios of KUER in Salt Lake City. Senator, welcome.

LINCOLN FILLMORE: Thank you, Korva. It's good to be here.

COLEMAN: Senator, what does the bill say?

FILLMORE: The bill really changes the definition of neglect. The case that you cited in Maryland is a perfect example, where neglect has been interpreted by government agencies or police departments so broadly. And so what we've done with this bill is just to define some specific things that neglect is not - like letting your kids play or walk to or from the park. These kinds of things that parents want to allow their children to do, so they can start building the self-reliance, the independence, the problem-solving skills that they're going to need as adults by practicing those in safe environments as children.

COLEMAN: So I read through the legislation. You don't specify¹ an age at which a child can be alone. You write a child must be, quote, "of a sufficient age." Why did you leave that indeterminate?

FILLMORE: Well, it's sufficient age and maturity², and those two together really get to the point of why we left that indeterminate. That was a decision that we made in concert with our local Department of Child Protective Services. It's very possible that there might be an 8-year-old or a 10-year-old who have some development disabilities - that is not actually mature enough to be on their own. And we wanted to make sure that we had protection in the law for those children.

COLEMAN: So how far is too far? What would you consider being actual neglect or abuse?

FILLMORE: Well, it's not really up to me as a state senator or even as a parent. I mean, for my own child, that makes a difference. But we've left that discretion³ in there for parents and for state agencies to work together to make sure that kids are protected.

COLEMAN: Senator, have you received any criticism at all from anyone?

FILLMORE: For the large part, I have been very pleased at what the response has been, you know, from my generation. And I was born in the mid-'70s. It was free-range parenting, was just called parenting. We'd go exploring in the vacant lot near the house. There was a creek⁴ not too far from where we lived that we would walk across, with the rule of be home for dinner. And then when you go back out, be home when it gets dark. And I think that that was the pretty common way to raise kids at that time. And now I think society has just become so afraid of the volume of images that we see on social media or in traditional media that we have this sense that the world is a lot less safe than it used to be, even though the opposite is true - that a child is safer being raised today than at almost any point in recorded history.

COLEMAN: Senator, we've been talking about protecting parents who make these decisions. What about the children who are affected⁵ by this decision, especially children of color? What if they're seen playing alone in the park without supervision⁶? Are Utahns going to be comfortable with that?

FILLMORE: I don't see any reason why the color of a person's skin would make anyone more or less nervous that a kid was playing at the park.

COLEMAN: Well, I'm thinking of 12-year-old Tamir Rice in Cleveland, who was black. He was shot outside of his home by police officers. He had an air pellet gun and he was unsupervised and alone in the park. And there's going to be some pushback from people who say if children are alone, especially if they are of color, they're going to be treated differently, and their parents may be treated differently.

FILLMORE: I was unfamiliar⁷ with that case in Cleveland. That's not my experience here. And I mean, I guess - I appreciate the fact that there is still some racial tension and some racial things we need to get over in the country. But the law really ought to be colorblind. And I look forward to having this help people be exposed to all kinds of different people and different parenting styles so that we can overcome some of those differences.

COLEMAN: Senator, are you a parent?

FILLMORE: I am. I have only one. We're expecting another in a little under two months....

COLEMAN: Congratulations.

FILLMORE: ...And my oldest is only 3. He's not quite yet a free-range kid.

COLEMAN: Will you consider yourself a free-range parent?

FILLMORE: Yes. When buying a house with my wife, we specifically tried to choose a house in a neighborhood that we thought would be conducive⁸ to letting our kids go out and explore the neighborhood - where there are other kids. And we've got two parks that are fairly close by, a corner store where you won't to have to cross any busy streets to get to, where you can run little errands. We really do want to be able to have our kids out in the neighborhood, and it's why we picked the neighborhood that we did.

COLEMAN: Utah State Senator Lincoln Fillmore, thank you very much.

FILLMORE: Thank you. It was good to be on.

1 specify   

vt.指定，详细说明

参考例句：

• We should specify a time and a place for the meeting.我们应指定会议的时间和地点。
• Please specify what you will do.请你详述一下你将做什么。

2 maturity   

n.成熟；完成；(支票、债券等)到期

参考例句：

• These plants ought to reach maturity after five years.这些植物五年后就该长成了。
• This is the period at which the body attains maturity.这是身体发育成熟的时期。

3 discretion   

n.谨慎；随意处理

参考例句：

• You must show discretion in choosing your friend.你择友时必须慎重。
• Please use your best discretion to handle the matter.请慎重处理此事。

4 creek   

n.小溪，小河，小湾

参考例句：

• He sprang through the creek.他跳过小河。
• People sunbathe in the nude on the rocks above the creek.人们在露出小溪的岩石上裸体晒日光浴。

5 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

6 supervision   

n.监督，管理

参考例句：

• The work was done under my supervision.这项工作是在我的监督之下完成的。
• The old man's will was executed under the personal supervision of the lawyer.老人的遗嘱是在律师的亲自监督下执行的。

7 unfamiliar   

adj.陌生的，不熟悉的

参考例句：

• I am unfamiliar with the place and the people here.我在这儿人地生疏。
• The man seemed unfamiliar to me.这人很面生。

8 conducive   

adj.有益的，有助的

参考例句：

• This is a more conducive atmosphere for studying.这样的氛围更有利于学习。
• Exercise is conducive to good health.体育锻炼有助于增强体质。