全球社会热点新闻 聊聊牛仔裤

搜索

复制

Jeans are pants, or trousers, made from denim¹. Mainly designed for work, they became popular among teenagers starting in the 1950s. Historic brands include Levi’s and Wrangler².

牛仔裤是用牛仔布做的裤子。它们主要是为上班族而设计的， 从20世纪50年代起开始深受青少年的喜爱。老牌子包括利瓦伊和牧 马人等。

Jeans are now a very popular form of casual dress around the world, and have been so for decades. They come in many styles and colors; however, “blue jeans” are particularly identified with American culture, especially the American Old West. The American population spent more than $14 billion on jeans in 2004.

从几十年前开始到现在，牛仔裤一直是世界上非常流行的休闲 装款式。它们有多种款式和颜色,其中“蓝色牛仔裤”被认为是最具 美国特色（特别是美国老西部)。2004年,美国人在牛仔裤上的花费 舰了 140fc美元。

Trousers made from corduroy or canvas are sometimes incorrectly called jeans. However, traditionally the word “jeans” referred to trousers made exclusively out of denim.

用灯芯绒或帆布做的裤子有时被误认为是牛仔裤。然而，传统 上“牛仔裤”专指用牛仔布做的裤子。

The word “jeans” comes from the French phrase bleu de Genes³, literally⁴ the blue of Genoa. Jeans fabric⁵, or denim, originated independently iu two places: the French town of Nimes, to which “denim” owes its name; and in India, where trousers made of denim material were worn by the sailors of Dhunga, which came to be known as dungarees.

“牛仔裤”一词源自法语短语bleu de Gbes,字面上的意思是 热那亚蓝色。牛仔布起源于两个不同的地方:一是法国城镇Nimes， “denim”一词里包含了它的名字,二是印度,在那里Dhunga的水手穿牛仔布做的裤子，那种裤子后来被称为粗棉布工装裤。

At around the same time, denim trousers were made in Chieri, a town near Turin (Italy), during the Renaissance⁶, and were popularised in the 16th century. These trousers were sold through the harbour of Genoa, which was the capital of the independent Republic of Genoa.

大约在同一时期，都灵(意大利）附近的一个名为Chieri的小镇 在文艺复兴时期制作牛仔布裤子，并在16世纪开始流行。这些裤子 在热那亚港出售，那里是独立的热那亚共和国的首都。

Early examples of these trousers were made for the Genoese Navy, which required all-purpose pants for its sailors. They required pants that could be worn wet or dry, the legs of which could easily be rolled up to wear while swabbing the deck. These jeans were laundered⁷ by dragging them in large mesh⁸ nets behind the ship, and the exposure to sea water and sun would gradually bleach⁹ them to white. They were especially worn by Genoese sailors and stevedores¹⁰ who woriced in France.

这种裤子早期的款式是为热那亚海军而设计的,因为他们需要 多功能的水手裤子。他们需要在潮湿和干燥情况下都能穿的长裤， 裤子的裤脚也要方便卷起以便他们在甲板上打扫。这些牛仔裤被扔 在大渔网里拖在船后面用海水清洗,在阳光的直接暴晒下,它们渐 渐被漂成白色。它们是热那亚水手和法国码头工人的服装。

Initially¹¹, blue jeans were simply sturdy trousers worn by workers, especially in the factories during World War Ⅱ. During this period, men’s jeans had the zipper¹² down the front, whereas women’s jeans had the zipper down the right side. By the 1960s, both men’s and women's jeans had the zipper down the front.

蓝色牛仔裤最初(尤其是在二战期间的工厂里)是工人们穿的耐穿裤子。在此期间，男式牛仔裤的拉链在正面,而女式牛仔裤的拉链在右侧。到60年代,男式和女 式牛仔裤的拉链都在正面。

After James Dean popularized them in the movie, Rebel Without a Cause, wearing blue jeans by teenagers and young adults became a symbol of youth rebellion during the 1950s. Because of this, they were sometimes banned in theaters, restaurants and schools.

20世纪50年代，在詹姆斯·迪安的电影((无端的反叛》将蓝色牛仔裤推广后,少年和青年穿蓝 色牛仔裤被认为是青春期叛逆的象征。因此电影院、餐馆和学校有时禁止穿蓝色牛仔裤。

During the 1960s the wearing of blue jeans became more acceptable. By the 1970s they had become a general fashion in the United States, at least for informal wear.

20世纪60年代,蓝色牛仔裤开始被更多的人接受。到了 20世纪70年代,牛仔裤——至少作为非 正式服装，已经成为美国大众的潮流。

Notably¹³, in the mid-1970s the denim and textiles industry was revolutionized by the introduction of the stone-washing technique by GWG (Great Western Garment Co.), Entrepreneur, importer, and noted¹⁴ eccentric Donald Freeland of Edmonton, Alberta pioneered the method, which helped to bring denim to a larger and more versatile¹⁵ market. Denim suddenly became an attractive product for all age groups and Freeland became one of the most important innovators in the history of denim and denim products. Acceptance of jeans continued through the 1980s and 1990s to the point where jeans are now a wardrobe staple¹⁶, with the average North American owning seven pairs.

值得注意的是,在70年代中期，西部大制衣有限公司的石洗技术的引进使得牛仔布和纺织工 业发生了革命性的变化。创业家、进口商、艾伯塔省埃德蒙顿的唐纳德弗里兰率先使用该方法， 它有助于牛仔布获得更大更灵活的市场。牛仔布突然成为了对所有年龄阶层都有吸引力的产品， 而弗里兰也成为了牛仔布和牛仔布产品发展史上最重要的创新者之一。牛仔裤在20世纪80年代和 90年代继续为人们所接受,现在牛仔裤是衣柜里的主要产品,北美人均拥有7条牛仔裤。

Jeans can be worn very loose in a manner that completely conceals¹⁷ the shape of the wearer’s lower body, or they can be snugly¹⁸ fitting and accentuate¹⁹ the body. Historic photographs indicate that in the decades before they became a staple of fashion, jeans generally fit quite loosely, much like a pair of bib overalls²⁰ without the bib. Indeed, until I960, Levi Strauss denominated its flagship product “waist overalls” rather than “jeans".

牛仔裤既可以穿得非常宽松,掩盖穿着的人下半身的形状,也可以穿得贴身凸显穿着的人的 身材。历史照片表明，在几十年前,在它们还没有成为时尚之前,牛仔裤一般穿得很宽松,像没有围 裙上部的围裙工装裤。事实上，在1960年以前,利瓦伊·斯特劳斯一直将他的旗舰产品命名为“齐 腰工装裤”而不是“牛仔裤”。

1 denim   

n.斜纹棉布；斜纹棉布裤，牛仔裤

参考例句：

• She wore pale blue denim shorts and a white denim work shirt.她穿着一条淡蓝色的斜纹粗棉布短裤，一件白粗布工作服上衣。
• Dennis was dressed in denim jeans.丹尼斯穿了一条牛仔裤。

2 wrangler   

n.口角者，争论者；牧马者

参考例句：

• When the strangled wrangler dangles the mangled spangles on the bangle jangle.被绞死的辩论者晃荡时，手镯上撕碎的小金属片发出刺耳的声音。
• A wrangler is a cowboy who works with cattle and horses.牧马者是放牧牛马的牛仔。

3 genes   

n.基因( gene的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因，所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪

4 literally   

adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实

参考例句：

• He translated the passage literally.他逐字逐句地翻译这段文字。
• Sometimes she would not sit down till she was literally faint.有时候，她不走到真正要昏厥了，决不肯坐下来。

5 fabric   

n.织物，织品，布；构造，结构，组织

参考例句：

• The fabric will spot easily.这种织品很容易玷污。
• I don't like the pattern on the fabric.我不喜欢那块布料上的图案。

6 renaissance   

n.复活，复兴，文艺复兴

参考例句：

• The Renaissance was an epoch of unparalleled cultural achievement.文艺复兴是一个文化上取得空前成就的时代。
• The theme of the conference is renaissance Europe.大会的主题是文艺复兴时期的欧洲。

7 laundered   

v.洗（衣服等），洗烫（衣服等）( launder的过去式和过去分词 )；洗（黑钱）（把非法收入改头换面，变为貌似合法的收入）

参考例句：

• Send these sheets to be laundered. 把这些床单送去洗熨。 来自辞典例句
• The air seems freshly laundered. Sydney thinks of good drying weather. 空气似乎被清洗过，让悉妮想起晴朗干爽适合晒衣服的好天气。 来自互联网

8 mesh   

n.网孔，网丝，陷阱；vt.以网捕捉，啮合，匹配；vi.适合； [计算机]网络

参考例句：

• Their characters just don't mesh.他们的性格就是合不来。
• This is the net having half inch mesh.这是有半英寸网眼的网。

9 bleach   

vt.使漂白；vi.变白；n.漂白剂

参考例句：

• These products don't bleach the hair.这些产品不会使头发变白。
• Did you bleach this tablecloth?你把这块桌布漂白了吗？

10 stevedores   

n.码头装卸工人，搬运工( stevedore的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The stevedores' work is to load and unload ships. 装卸工人的工作是装卸船只。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The stevedores will see to that. 搬运工会格外注意。 来自商贸英语会话

11 initially   

adv.最初，开始

参考例句：

• The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
• Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。

12 zipper   

n.拉链；v.拉上拉链

参考例句：

• The zipper is red.这条拉链是红色的。
• The zipper is a wonderful invention.拉链是个了不起的发明。

13 notably   

adv.值得注意地，显著地，尤其地，特别地

参考例句：

• Many students were absent,notably the monitor.许多学生缺席，特别是连班长也没来。
• A notably short,silver-haired man,he plays basketball with his staff several times a week.他个子明显较为矮小，一头银发，每周都会和他的员工一起打几次篮球。

14 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

15 versatile   

adj.通用的，万用的；多才多艺的，多方面的

参考例句：

• A versatile person is often good at a number of different things.多才多艺的人通常擅长许多种不同的事情。
• He had been one of the game's most versatile athletes.他是这项运动中技术最全面的运动员之一。

16 staple   

n.主要产物，常用品，主要要素，原料，订书钉，钩环；adj.主要的，重要的；vt.分类

参考例句：

• Tea is the staple crop here.本地产品以茶叶为大宗。
• Potatoes are the staple of their diet.土豆是他们的主要食品。

17 conceals   

v.隐藏，隐瞒，遮住( conceal的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• He conceals his worries behind a mask of nonchalance. 他装作若无其事，借以掩饰内心的不安。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Drunkenness reveals what soberness conceals. 酒醉吐真言。 来自《简明英汉词典》

18 snugly   

adv.紧贴地；贴身地；暖和舒适地；安适地

参考例句：

• Jamie was snugly wrapped in a white woolen scarf. 杰米围着一条白色羊毛围巾舒适而暖和。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The farmyard was snugly sheltered with buildings on three sides. 这个农家院三面都有楼房，遮得很严实。 来自《简明英汉词典》

19 accentuate   

v.着重，强调

参考例句：

• She has beautiful eyes, so we should accentuate them in the makeup.她眼睛很美丽，我们在化妆时应该突出她的眼睛。
• Mrs Obamas speeches rarely accentuate the positive.奥巴马夫人的演讲很少强调美国积极的一面。

20 overalls   

n.（复）工装裤；长罩衣

参考例句：

• He is in overalls today.他今天穿的是工作裤。
• He changed his overalls for a suit.他脱下工装裤，换上了一套西服。