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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
Unit 4
Part B
Text 1
Being a Police Officer Is a Stressful Job
Interviewer: Welcome to our program, Sam.
Sam: Thank you.
Interviewer: Sam, how long have you been a police officer?
Sam: I've been a police officer for thirty years.
Interviewer: Thirty years. And you've had different types of assignments on the police force, I guess.
Sam: Yeah, I've done everything from patrol to undercover work to detective work, and now I'm supervising investigations1.
Interviewer: Sam, I think most people would say that being a police officer is a very stressful job. Would you agree?
Sam: Yes, it's definitely a stressful job. But it depends on your assignment.
Interviewer: So, what's probably the most stressful assignment you can have?
Sam: I'd say patrol is the most stressful assignment.
Interviewer: That's interesting! In what way?
Sam: Well, I guess the biggest part of the stress is the fear factor -- the fear of the unknown.
Interviewer: What do you mean, Sam?
Sam: Well, in patrol work, you don't know from moment to moment who you are talking to or what their reaction is going to be to justify2 your presence. Let's say, for example, a patrol officer stops someone for a traffic violation3. It seems as though that would be a very low-stress situation.
Interviewer: Yes, it is a very low-stress situation.
Sam: But the truth is, there are more police officers injured during a routine stop.
Interviewer: Really?
Sam: Really! That's why all police officers are taught from the very beginning to be aware of their surroundings. People back over policemen, people shoot policemen, people jump out at policemen -- different kinds of things. So that's probably the most stressful time.
Interviewer: I see. Let's take a break and then we'll move on to our next topic.
Sam: All right.
Questions:
1. What's the relationship between the two speakers?
2. What does Sam mainly talk about?
3. What do you know about Sam?
Text 2
Stress Reducers
Interviewer: Sam, you've talked about the police officers' stressful time. Now let's move on to the next topic. So far as I know, there's a connection between stress and illness. Do you think that there's a higher percentage of illness among police officers than in the general population? I mean, do they get more colds or anything? Is this really true?
Sam: Yes, it is, and the stress level not only manifests itself in daily health -- whether or not you've feeling well on any given day. It also manifests itself in things like ulcers4, heart disease -- police officers tend to have a higher rate of heart disease and ulcers than people in other professions.
Interviewer: Really? That's documented?
Sam: Yes, it's documented. And also the divorce rate among police officers is much higher.
Interviewer: Is there something that the police department does to help you deal with this stress?
Sam: Yes, there are several programs that most police departments have in place. One is an exercise program where some part of your day is spent on some type of physical exercise. They've found that's a great stress reducer. Besides, there's also a psychological program with counseling for officers to help them reduce their stress. And there are several discussion groups as well. They've found that sometimes just sitting around and talking about the stress with other officers helps to reduce it. So, those things are available.
Interviewer: And what do you do, personally, to help you deal with the stress of your job, Sam?
Sam: Well, during the baseball season, I'm the biggest baseball fanatic5, and I will either be reading about baseball, or listening to baseball, or watching baseball. Another thing I try to do is to get some sort of exercise every day. And then I work hard at keeping up my personal relationships, especially my relationship with my wife. Fortunately I get along very well with my wife. When I come back home, I can talk about my day with her, and then just forget about it.
Statements:
1. The dialogue is mainly about how police officers can deal with stress.
2. According to Sam, most police officers enjoy good health.
3. According to Sam, the divorce rate among police officers is higher than among people in other jobs.
4. Counseling is the most effective program to help police officers relieve stress.
5. Sam knows how to reduce his stress.
Part C
Short Conversations
1. M: You look so nervous, Rose. Are you all right?
W: Frankly6 speaking, I'm on pins and needles. I have to give a presentation to a group of important visitors this afternoon.
Q: Why does Rose feel nervous?
2. M: You look so upset, Sue. What's worrying you?
W: My son Jack7 made me extremely unhappy. He seems to be playing video games all the time. Whenever I talk to him he turns a deaf ear to me.
Q: What's the woman's problem?
3. W: David, you don't look happy. Anything wrong?
M: Well, you know, my mother died three years ago. And since then my father has lived in an apartment on his own and has very few friends.
Q: What is David worrying about?
4. W: Michael, I don't know what has happened to Mother. Her memory seems to be going. I have to remind her of almost everything.
M: Don't worry, Mary. She's just getting old.
Q: What do you know about Mary?
5. W: I'm worried about sending my son Peter to college. You see, nowadays many college students behave rather strangely. They don't seem to be interested in their studies.
M: Just a few. Most students still concentrate on their studies.
Q: What can you infer from the man's response?
Part D
Finding Creative Outlets8 for Very Stressful Times
Beautifying your home is a fun and practical pastime that can offer a wonderful sense of accomplishment9. Few people may realize, however, that painting the walls, knitting bedspreads or sewing pillows can help relieve the life pressures we all experience.
Studies indicate that engaging in creative endeavors such as sewing and crafting can lower one's risk of stroke, kidney damage and heart disease.
These calming, repetitive activities relax the mind and can lower blood pressure. Sharing such activities can also be a way to spend time with loved ones, which increases our sense of belonging and further reduces stress.
People have always turned to working with their hands in times of stress. Handicraft works, with their symbols of hope, have a far greater impact when created by groups.
Keep in mind the following tips to increase the stress-relieving benefits of your craft projects:
1. Work with materials that stimulate10 the senses; work in a comfortable area without distractions11; play your favorite music.
2. Make a family project of selecting your favorite photos, and frame them so they can be enjoyed every day. In stressful times, the photos can lift your spirits as you recall happy moments.
3. If your schedule is hectic12, choose a practical project that will make the most of crafting time. If a simple kitchen curtain needs to be replaced, start there.
Change sometimes compels us to see things in new ways.
Questions:
1. According to the passage, what is one of the benefits of engaging in creative endeavors?
2. How does the speaker characterize activities such as sewing and crafting?
3. How can the stress-relieving benefits of the recommended activities be further increased?
4. Which of the following is not a tip given by the speaker?
收听单词发音 |
1
investigations
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| （正式的）调查( investigation的名词复数 )； 侦查； 科学研究； 学术研究 | |
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2
justify
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| vt.证明…正当(或有理)，为…辩护 | |
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violation
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| n.违反(行为)，违背(行为)，侵犯 | |
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ulcers
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| n.溃疡( ulcer的名词复数 )；腐烂物；道德败坏；腐败 | |
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fanatic
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| n.狂热者，入迷者；adj.狂热入迷的 | |
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frankly
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| adv.坦白地，直率地；坦率地说 | |
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jack
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| n.插座，千斤顶，男人；v.抬起，提醒，扛举；n.（Jake）杰克 | |
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outlets
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| n.出口( outlet的名词复数 )；经销店；插座；廉价经销店 | |
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accomplishment
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| n.完成，成就，（pl.）造诣，技能 | |
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stimulate
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| vt.刺激，使兴奋；激励，使…振奋 | |
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11
distractions
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| n.使人分心的事[人]( distraction的名词复数 )；娱乐，消遣；心烦意乱；精神错乱 | |
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hectic
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| adj.肺病的；消耗热的；发热的；闹哄哄的 | |
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