科学美国人60秒 SSS 恒星系统可能生来就是乱七八糟的

This is Scientific American's 60-second Science, I'm Christopher Intagliata.

这里是科学美国人——60秒科学系列，我是克里斯托弗·因塔格里塔。

Our solar system is far from the only way to put together stars and their planets.

我们的太阳系远非将恒星及其行星组合在一起的唯一途径。

"If you look at all the stars, you know, in our galaxy¹, in the Milky² Way, right?

“如果你观察我们银河系中的所有恒星。

More than half of the stars are formed in multiples—meaning there's more than one star in the system."

超过一半的恒星由多个组成，这意味着星系中有不止一颗恒星。”

Astrophysicist Jaehan Bae of the Carnegie Institution for Science. He has studied one of those systems—with three stars.

卡内基科学研究所的天体物理学家杰汉·贝说到。他研究了一个由三颗恒星组成的星系。

It's called GW Orionis. And it's freshly formed—only a million years old.

这个星系名为GW Orionis。它是新形成的，只有100万年的历史。

"Yeah, it's really, really young. Yeah, it's a baby."

“是的，它真的很年轻。还是个婴儿。”

Bae says if you translate that million-year life span to that of a human, it's the equivalent of a week-old baby.

贝表示，如果将100万年的生命转换成人类的寿命，那相当于一周大的婴儿。

And how many week-old babies do you bump into?

你会碰到多少个一周大的婴儿？

"So if you just walk around your neighborhood, there's little chance you meet a baby who's one week old, right?

“如果你只是在附近走走，你几乎不可能遇到一周大的婴儿。

So, first of all, it's hard to find these systems—they're pretty rare."

因此，首先，很难找到这些系统——它们非常罕见。”

Bae and his colleagues got lucky spotting this one. Using radio telescopes, they were able to image the star system.

贝和同事幸运地找到了一个星系。利用射电望远镜，他们能够成像这个星系。

And they say it differs from our own solar system in more than just star count.

他们表示，它与我们太阳系的区别不仅仅在于恒星数量。

In our solar system, for example, all eight planets orbit the sun more or less in a single plane.

例如，在我们的太阳系中，所有八颗行星或多或少都在一个平面上围绕太阳运行。

Think of the sun as the center of a vinyl record—with the planets strung out along the grooves³.

将太阳想象成一张黑胶唱片的中心，行星沿着凹槽排列。

In contrast, Bae's team discovered that the stars in this triple-star system are ringed by clouds of dust in multiple warped⁴ and misaligned planes—

相比之下，贝的研究小组发现，这个三星系中的恒星在多个扭曲和错位的平面上被尘埃云环绕，

picture a three-dimensional gyroscope rather than a two-dimensional vinyl record.

想象一下三维陀螺仪，而不是二维黑胶唱片。

The observations are in the journal Science.

这些观察结果发表在《科学》期刊上。

Those rings of dust will presumably go on to form planets as the star system matures.

随着恒星系统的成熟，这些尘埃环可能会继续形成行星。

And Bae says astronomers⁶ have indeed observed other, more mature star systems—with planets orbiting in these misaligned planes.

贝表示，天文学家确实观察到了其他更成熟的恒星系统，行星在这些错位的平面上运行。

"And we wanted to understand if that happens when the planets are born or whether it's some evolutionary⁷ thing that happens over, you know, a billion years."

“我们想知道这是在行星诞生时发生的，还是在10亿年间的富甲天下过程发生的。”

The finding suggests that weirdly⁸ aligned⁵ planetary systems are born that way—and that stars and their embryonic⁹ planets can be all topsy-turvy—even in their infancy¹⁰.

研究结果表明，排列奇怪的行星系统诞生时就是如此，恒星和它们的胚胎行星可能都是乱七八糟的，甚至在婴儿期也是如此。

Thanks for listening for Scientific American's 60-second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.

谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学。我是克里斯托弗·因塔利亚塔。

1 galaxy   

n.星系；银河系；一群(杰出或著名的人物)

参考例句：

• The earth is one of the planets in the Galaxy.地球是银河系中的星球之一。
• The company has a galaxy of talent.该公司拥有一批优秀的人才。

2 milky   

adj.牛奶的，多奶的；乳白色的

参考例句：

• Alexander always has milky coffee at lunchtime.亚历山大总是在午餐时喝掺奶的咖啡。
• I like a hot milky drink at bedtime.我喜欢睡前喝杯热奶饮料。

3 grooves   

n.沟( groove的名词复数 )；槽；老一套；（某种）音乐节奏v.沟( groove的第三人称单数 )；槽；老一套；（某种）音乐节奏

参考例句：

• Wheels leave grooves in a dirt road. 车轮在泥路上留下了凹痕。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Sliding doors move in grooves. 滑动门在槽沟中移动。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

4 warped   

adj.反常的；乖戾的；（变）弯曲的；变形的v.弄弯，变歪( warp的过去式和过去分词 )；使（行为等）不合情理，使乖戾，

参考例句：

• a warped sense of humour 畸形的幽默感
• The board has warped. 木板翘了。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

5 aligned   

adj.对齐的，均衡的

参考例句：

• Make sure the shelf is aligned with the top of the cupboard.务必使搁架与橱柜顶端对齐。

6 astronomers   

n.天文学者，天文学家( astronomer的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Astronomers can accurately foretell the date,time,and length of future eclipses. 天文学家能精确地预告未来日食月食的日期、时刻和时长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Astronomers used to ask why only Saturn has rings. 天文学家们过去一直感到奇怪，为什么只有土星有光环。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 evolutionary   

adj.进化的；演化的，演变的；[生]进化论的

参考例句：

• Life has its own evolutionary process.生命有其自身的进化过程。
• These are fascinating questions to be resolved by the evolutionary studies of plants.这些十分吸引人的问题将在研究植物进化过程中得以解决。

8 weirdly   

古怪地

参考例句：

• Another special characteristic of Kweilin is its weirdly-shaped mountain grottoes. 桂林的另一特点是其形态怪异的岩洞。
• The country was weirdly transformed. 地势古怪地变了样。

9 embryonic   

adj.胚胎的

参考例句：

• It is still in an embryonic stage.它还处于萌芽阶段。
• The plan,as yet,only exists in embryonic form.这个计划迄今为止还只是在酝酿之中。

10 infancy   

n.婴儿期；幼年期；初期

参考例句：

• He came to England in his infancy.他幼年时期来到英国。
• Their research is only in its infancy.他们的研究处于初级阶段。