时差N小时 身体的移动和问题的解决

Don: Yael,can you help me with this crossword¹ puzzle? I need a four letters word that had something to do with good table manners.

唐：雅艾尔，你能帮我解这道填字游戏吗？我需要一个四个字母的单词，是关于保持良好的饭桌礼仪和举止。

Yael: OK, but why are you jogging in place?

雅艾尔：好的，但是你为什么原地慢跑呢？

Don: Because I'm trying to solve the puzzle.

唐：因为我想解出这道字谜。

Yael: Right. But what does jogging have to do with it?

雅艾尔：对呀。但这与慢跑有什么关系吗？

Don: It's what scientists call embodied² cognition—how the body affects the mind, and vice³ versa. The idea is that moving your body in certain ways can help you solve problems. For example, in one study, participants were presented with a puzzle: they had to figure out how to tie together strings⁴ hanging from rafters spaced far enough apart that they couldn't grasp both at the same time. While they were trying to solve the puzzle, about half the participants were told to swing their arms back and forth⁵. The others were told to stretch their arms.

唐：这就是科学家所说的具体认知——身体是如何影响大脑的，反之亦然。这个观点是指以某种方式移动身体能帮助你解决问题。例如在一项研究中，给所有参与者一道难题：他们必须弄清楚怎样将挂在房橼上的绳子系在一起，并且房橼之间相隔足够远，不能同时用手抓住绳子。在他们试图解决难题的时候，让其中一半的参与者来回摇摆胳膊，其余一半则伸展胳膊。

Yael: So,what happend?

雅艾尔：那么，发生了什么？

Don: The arm swingers were forty-percent more likely to solve the problem. It involved tying an object to one string and swinging it so they could grab⁶ it while holding the other string.

唐：摇摆胳膊的参与者解决问题的概率要高出40%。办法就是将一个物体系在一根绳子上，然后摇晃绳子，这样他们就能在抓着另一根绳子的时候抓住它。

Yael: So the physical act of arm swinging led to a similar mental solution.

雅艾尔：所以摆臂的物理动作给予了他们相似的思维方式。

Don: Right.The larger point is that the mind isn't separate from the body. How we move and behave in physical ways can affect, and enhance⁷, how we think.

唐：正确。更重要的一点是心理并不独立于身体。我们身理上的运动和行为会影响或加强我们的思维方式。

Yael: Cool, and by the way, the word you're looking for is "mind", as an "mind your manners".

雅艾尔：好吧。但是顺便说一说，你要找的单词是“mind”，意思是“注意你的举止”。

Don: Thanks.

唐：谢谢。

1 crossword   

n.纵横字谜，纵横填字游戏

参考例句：

• He shows a great interest in crossword puzzles.他对填字游戏表现出很大兴趣。
• Don't chuck yesterday's paper out.I still haven't done the crossword.别扔了昨天的报纸，我还没做字谜游戏呢。

2 embodied   

v.表现( embody的过去式和过去分词 )；象征；包括；包含

参考例句：

• a politician who embodied the hopes of black youth 代表黑人青年希望的政治家
• The heroic deeds of him embodied the glorious tradition of the troops. 他的英雄事迹体现了军队的光荣传统。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

4 strings   

n.弦

参考例句：

• He sat on the bed,idly plucking the strings of his guitar.他坐在床上，随意地拨着吉他的弦。
• She swept her fingers over the strings of the harp.她用手指划过竖琴的琴弦。

5 forth   

adv.向前；向外，往外

参考例句：

• The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。
• He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。

6 grab   

vt./n.攫取，抓取；vi.攫取，抓住(at)

参考例句：

• It is rude to grab a seat.抢占座位是不礼貌的。
• The thief made a grab at my bag but I pushed him away.贼想抢我的手提包，但被我推开了。

7 enhance   

vt.提高（强度、力量、数量等），增加（进）

参考例句：

• BBC backing for the scheme will enhance its credibility.英国广播公司对这一计划的支持将提高其可信度。
• Good secretarial skills should enhance your chances of getting a job.出色的秘书工作技能会增加你找工作的机会。