时差N小时 表亲结婚风险

Fans of classic movies will remember the famous dueling¹ banjos scene in Deliverance, the story of four city friends who take an ill-fated boating trip down a backwoods Georgia river.

经典电影的粉丝们不会忘记激流四勇士中著名的班卓琴对决场面,这部电影讲述的是四位都市好朋友乘着独木舟沿着未开垦乔治亚河命运多舛的冒险之旅。

As the friends set out, one of the friends challenges a local boy with a banjo to see who can play faster.

随着他们旅程的进行,其中一位好朋友用班卓琴挑战一个当地小男孩,看谁弹奏更快。

At the end of the song the camera zooms² in to reveal the boy's diseased, inbred features.

一曲终了之时随着镜头拉近小男孩的天然病态特征暴露无遗。

Such images have contributed to the taboo³ against marriage between first cousins.

这些影像已经说明了表亲结婚导致的禁忌。

Geneticists explain that since closely related persons are more likely to harbor identical genetic⁴ mutations, their children have a greater chance of being born with defects.

遗传学家解释因为血缘密切相关的人更有可能产生基因突变,他们的孩子有更大可能的先天缺陷风险。

But such risks might be overstated.

但是这样的危险可能有些言过其实。

According to one study, children from first cousin marriages are only 1.7 to 2.8 percent more likely to be born with serious birth defects than children of conventional marriages.

据一项研究称,相比传统婚姻表亲结婚生出的孩子仅1.7—2.8%的几率更可能出现天生的严重生理缺陷。

Although the risk is still significant, it is lower than previously⁵ thought.

虽然风险仍然可观,但这比之前所认为的更低。

Prolonged interbreeding in any species can eventually lead to serious birth defects.

任何物种的长时间异血缘交配最终都会造成严重的生理缺陷。

Harmful genetic mutations are less likely to appear in large populations where individuals reproduce with random⁶ partners due to the wider variety of genetic mutations.

有害的基因突变不太可能出现在由于广泛的遗传变异个体间与随机伴侣繁衍的大群体中。

But in small, isolated⁷ populations where inbreeding is common,

但在小型,隔离的群体中,近亲繁殖很常见,

there's a greater chance that related partners carry the same mutations.

所以相关伴侣携带相同基因突变有更大的几率。

But harmful effects are more common in groups with a history of interbreeding over several generations.

但有群体异血缘交配史的几代人有害影响更为常见。

First cousins that are not from such groups run only a slightly greater risk of producing children with birth defects than non-related couples.

表亲不属于这样的群体，只比结婚夫妇要承担略大产生缺陷儿童的风险几率。

Although such risks should not be ignored,

虽然这样的风险不容忽视,

first cousin marriage is not necessarily a recipe for genetic disaster.

但表亲婚姻不一定会导致基因灾难。

1 dueling   

n. 决斗, 抗争(=duelling) 动词duel的现在分词形式

参考例句：

• More light-hearted But somewhat puzzled, Vladimir prepared to meet Eugene on the dueling ground. 弗拉基米尔心里轻松了一些，但仍感到有些困惑，在这种心情下，他准备去决斗场地迎战叶甫盖尼。 来自英汉 - 翻译样例 - 文学
• They had been dueling for hours and finally called a draw. 他们一直决斗了数小时，最后打成平局。

2 zooms   

n.嗡嗡声( zoom的名词复数 )；隆隆声；（车辆等）疾驰的声音；变焦

参考例句：

• A sneeze zooms out of your mouth at over 600 m.p.h. 从你口中打出的喷嚏速度可达每小时600里。 来自互联网
• When the camera zooms in, the whole world watches out. 当镜头对准（汶川），全世界都在关注。 来自互联网

3 taboo   

n.禁忌，禁止接近，禁止使用；adj.禁忌的；v.禁忌，禁制，禁止

参考例句：

• The rude words are taboo in ordinary conversation.这些粗野的字眼在日常谈话中是禁忌的。
• Is there a taboo against sex before marriage in your society?在你们的社会里，婚前的性行为犯禁吗？

4 genetic   

adj.遗传的，遗传学的

参考例句：

• It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
• Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。

5 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。

6 random   

adj.随机的；任意的；n.偶然的(或随便的)行动

参考例句：

• The list is arranged in a random order.名单排列不分先后。
• On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查，发现肉变质了。

7 isolated   

adj.与世隔绝的

参考例句：

• His bad behaviour was just an isolated incident. 他的不良行为只是个别事件。
• Patients with the disease should be isolated. 这种病的患者应予以隔离。