时代周刊 伊拉克战后重建会成功吗(5)

Yet the country raised just $30 billion for its rebuilding effort,

然而，伊拉克只筹到了300亿美元的重建资金，

perhaps because governments are waiting to see if al-Abadi will be re-elected in May.

或许是因为各国政府都想看阿巴迪5月能否再次胜选。

The U.S. favors the Western-educated al-Abadi.

美国是支持受过西方教育的阿巴迪的。

But his powerful opponents inside Iraq, many backed by Iran, will likely squeeze him for concessions¹.

然而，伊拉克境内的劲敌们，其中很多人都有伊朗支持，可能会迫使阿巴迪让步。

There’s good reason for many to believe this moment of cohesion² will be fleeting³.

很多人都有充分的理由相信，这个充满凝聚力的时刻将不过是昙花一现。

ISIS unified⁴ Iraq even as it divided it, with many Iraqis bound together in their mutual⁵ hatred⁶ for the jihadists.

就连ISIS在分裂伊拉克的同时也从一定程度上统一了伊拉克，因为它让许多仇恨圣战分子的伊拉克人团结到了一起。

Now with ISIS largely gone, the familiar ethnic⁷ schisms⁸ have resurfaced among the majority-Shi‘ite population, the once powerful Sunnis and the minority Kurds.

如今，ISIS大部分都被赶走了，然而，熟悉的种族分裂思想又在这个以什叶派为多数，以逊尼派为强势派和以库尔德人为少数派的国家抬头了。

Iraqi Kurdistan held a referendum last September to declare independence from Baghdad, prompting a swift crackdown from al-Abadi.

去年9月，伊拉克库尔德斯坦举行了全民公决以期从巴格达独立出去，结果反遭阿巴迪迅速镇压。

Now his re-election in May rests on fragile alliances that may not please everyone.

由于阿巴迪五月再次竞选能否成功依赖的都是一些脆弱的联盟关系，而这些关系这可能并未能满足所有人。

In February, the Institute for the Study of War, in Washington, D.C., warned U.S. officials that they should prepare for a possible pro-Iranian Iraqi government after May.

2月，华盛顿特区的战争研究所提醒美国官员说，他们应该为5月之后接受一个亲伊朗的伊拉克政府做好准备。

The combat-ready Shi‘ite militia⁹ forces, whose reputation and influence have grown hugely after years of fighting ISIS, may come to the fore¹⁰.

已经做好战斗准备的什叶派民兵部队，其声誉和影响力已经在伊斯兰国多年的战斗中大大增加，可能会脱颖而出。

Grouped together as the Popular Mobilization Forces, or PMF, the dozens of groups—most backed by Iran—joined the war effort alongside the Iraqi army, though at far lower pay.

同被划分到了“人民动员组织”（PMF）的几十支部队，大部分都有伊朗支持，曾和伊拉克军队并肩作战，但他们的收入却比后者却低得多。

Now they expect recognition, including more political power.

现在他们期待给他们的承诺，包括分给他们更多的政治权力，能被兑现。

Victory was assigned to Abadi’s name, but Iraqis knew very well who defeated ISIS,”

“胜利表面上是归功给了阿巴迪，但伊拉克人心里很清楚打败ISIS的到底是谁，”

says Bassem Qassim, the militia fighter who drove us into the countryside;

开车送我们到村庄的民兵巴西姆·卡西姆说;

he is a member of the Badr Organization, a military and political group with ties to Iran, which comprised the biggest militia force in the PMF.

他是巴德尔组织——这是一个与伊朗有着密切联系，同时也是民兵组织PMF的生力军的军事政治团体——的一员。

With his potbelly and gray mustache, Qassim does not look like the model of a hardened fighter.

大腹便便，留着灰色小胡子的卡西姆看起来并不像那种典型的精锐士兵。

Yet he rushed to join the battle against ISIS in June 2014, after watching Iraq’s Grand Ayatullah Ali al- Sistani tell his followers¹¹ on TV to fight the jihadists.

然而，在看到伊拉克的大阿亚图拉·阿里·西斯坦尼在电视上告诉他的追随者们对抗圣战分子之后，2014年6月，他便火速加入了反抗ISIS的战斗。

Thousands complied.

当时，数千人响应了西斯坦尼的号召。

Qassim fought for years, moving from one battlefront to the next, each time setting up a thermal¹² camera and firing mortars¹³ at ISIS.

卡西姆战斗了数年，从一个前线转移到另一个前线，每次他都会在向ISIS发射迫击炮的同时用红外摄像机拍下战争的场景。

They called me the ISIS terminator,” he says.

“大家都管我叫‘ISIS终结者’，”他说。

If al-Abadi wins a second term as Prime Minister,

如果阿巴迪能够连任总理，

he will need to reckon with the thousands of war veterans like Qassim whose bravery has brought strong applause from grateful Iraqis—

他就要考虑如何面对数千名卡西姆这样用勇敢赢得了感恩的伊拉克人，

even those wary¹⁴ of the influence that Iran wields¹⁵ over the militia groups.

甚至包括对伊朗对民兵团体的影响存在忧虑的人群，的热烈掌声的退伍军人。

"They deserve all our respect,” says Brigadier General Yahya Rasool, an Iraqi military spokesman."

“他们应得到我们所有的尊重，”伊拉克军事发言人叶海亚·拉索尔准将说。

They are fierce fighters.

“他们都是英勇的斗士。”

1 concessions   

n.（尤指由政府或雇主给予的）特许权( concession的名词复数 )；承认；减价；（在某地的）特许经营权

参考例句：

• The firm will be forced to make concessions if it wants to avoid a strike. 要想避免罢工，公司将不得不作出一些让步。
• The concessions did little to placate the students. 让步根本未能平息学生的愤怒。

2 cohesion   

n.团结，凝结力

参考例句：

• I had to bring some cohesion into the company.我得使整个公司恢复凝聚力。
• The power of culture is deeply rooted in the vitality,creativity and cohesion of a nation. 文化的力量，深深熔铸在民族的生命力、创造力和凝聚力之中。

3 fleeting   

adj.短暂的，飞逝的

参考例句：

• The girls caught only a fleeting glimpse of the driver.女孩们只匆匆瞥了一眼司机。
• Knowing the life fleeting,she set herself to enjoy if as best as she could.她知道这种日子转瞬即逝，于是让自已尽情地享受。

4 unified   

(unify 的过去式和过去分词)； 统一的； 统一标准的； 一元化的

参考例句：

• The teacher unified the answer of her pupil with hers. 老师核对了学生的答案。
• The First Emperor of Qin unified China in 221 B.C. 秦始皇于公元前221年统一中国。

5 mutual   

adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的

参考例句：

• We must pull together for mutual interest.我们必须为相互的利益而通力合作。
• Mutual interests tied us together.相互的利害关系把我们联系在一起。

6 hatred   

n.憎恶，憎恨，仇恨

参考例句：

• He looked at me with hatred in his eyes.他以憎恨的眼光望着我。
• The old man was seized with burning hatred for the fascists.老人对法西斯主义者充满了仇恨。

7 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。

8 schisms   

n.教会分立，分裂( schism的名词复数 )

参考例句：

9 militia   

n.民兵，民兵组织

参考例句：

• First came the PLA men,then the people's militia.人民解放军走在前面，其次是民兵。
• There's a building guarded by the local militia at the corner of the street.街道拐角处有一幢由当地民兵团守卫的大楼。

10 fore   

adv.在前面；adj.先前的；在前部的；n.前部

参考例句：

• Your seat is in the fore part of the aircraft.你的座位在飞机的前部。
• I have the gift of fore knowledge.我能够未卜先知。

11 followers   

追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件

参考例句：

• the followers of Mahatma Gandhi 圣雄甘地的拥护者
• The reformer soon gathered a band of followers round him. 改革者很快就获得一群追随者支持他。

12 thermal   

adj.热的，由热造成的；保暖的

参考例句：

• They will build another thermal power station.他们要另外建一座热能发电站。
• Volcanic activity has created thermal springs and boiling mud pools.火山活动产生了温泉和沸腾的泥浆池。

13 mortars   

n.迫击炮( mortar的名词复数 )；砂浆；房产；研钵

参考例句：

• They could not move their heavy mortars over the swampy ground. 他们无法把重型迫击炮移过那片沼泽地。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Where the hell are his mortars? 他有迫击炮吗？ 来自教父部分

14 wary   

adj.谨慎的，机警的，小心的

参考例句：

• He is wary of telling secrets to others.他谨防向他人泄露秘密。
• Paula frowned,suddenly wary.宝拉皱了皱眉头，突然警惕起来。

15 wields   

手持着使用（武器、工具等）( wield的第三人称单数 )； 具有； 运用（权力）； 施加（影响）

参考例句：

• She wields enormous power within the party. 她操纵着党内大权。
• He remains chairman, but wields little power at the company. 他还是主席，但在公司没有什么实权了。