时代周刊:国际社会刚准备好直面气候问题 2020就来了(6)

Rwanda, which has a GDP of roughly $9 billion,

卢旺达，GDP约90亿美元，

has adopted an $11 billion plan to reduce emissions¹ and adapt to climate change,

通过了一项拨款110亿美元用于减少排放和适应气候变化的计划，

which includes a push for buses, cars and motorcycles to go electric.

具体措施包括推动使用电动公交车、电动汽车和电动摩托车。

"We cannot afford to have the same mode of recovery,

“他们那样的复苏模式，

the same mode of doing business, the same mode of economic activity,"

商业模式，经济活动模式我们是负担不起的，”

says Juliet Kabera, director general of the Rwanda Environment Management Authority.

卢旺达环境管理局局长朱丽叶·卡贝拉说。

International institutions are playing a critical role nudging these countries.

国际机构在推动这些国家推行清洁能源方面发挥了关键作用。

The IMF, which has said it "stands ready" to use its $1 trillion lending capacity to stave off the effects of the coronavirus pandemic,

曾表示“随时准备”利用其1万亿美元的贷款资格抵御新冠疫情影响的国际货币基金组织（IMF）

has made climate resilience a key criterion for its lending.

将气候弹性设置成了放贷的关键标准。

This has already paid dividends²: some 50 nations, including dozens of developing countries,

目前，这一举措已经初见成效：包括数十个发展中国家在内的约50个国家

committed in late June to address climate change in their coronavirus recovery plans.

都已经在6月下旬承诺，将解决气候变化问题纳入新冠疫情复苏计划。

"It's a great catalyst³ to think about building a new world," says Costa Rican President Carlos Alvarado Quesada.

“这是一个很好的催化剂，能够对我们建设新世界有所启发，”哥斯达黎加总统卡洛斯·阿尔瓦拉多·克萨达说。

"Whatever we decide as a country or as a global community in the next six or 10 or 12 months

“无论是作为一个国家，还是作为国际社会的一份子，我们在接下来的6个月，10个月甚至是12个月的决策

is going to determine what happens on the earth for the next decade."

直接关系到未来10年整个地球的安危。”

Nowhere will such an approach have as large an impact as in the E.U.

这一方案对欧盟的影响将会超过对其他任何地方的影响。

When compared with countries, the bloc⁴ is the world's second largest economy and third largest emitter.

和世界其他国家相比，欧盟位居世界第二大经济体，但同时也是世界第三大排放来源。

Its pandemic recovery will help achieve the proposed target of halving⁵ its emissions in 10 years

欧盟的疫情后恢复计划将有助于实现用不到10年的时间将排放量减半这一预期目标，

by spending $100 billion annually⁶ to make homes energy-efficient,

具体措施为每年投资1000亿美元用于家庭节能，

$28 billion to build renewable energy capacity and up to $67 billion for zero-emissions trains.

280亿美元用于建设可再生能源产能，再用670亿美元的巨额资金用于投资零排放列车。

The European investment in going green will hurt coal-mining jobs in places like Poland and the Czech Republic,

欧洲的绿色投资势必伤害到波兰，捷克等地的煤矿就业，

but the European recovery program will pay billions to retrain the workers and transition them to other industries.

不过，他们的复苏计划会拿出数十亿美元对煤矿工人进行再培训，帮助他们转行。

The measure awaits approval by the member countries, and the details are subject to negotiation⁷,

这一方案还有待各成员国达成一致，方案具体细节也有待协商，

but observers do not expect the direction of the policy to change.

不过，观察人士预计他们并不会更改这一政策方向。

Other major players in the global economy, most notably⁸ the U.S. and China,

全球经济市场的其他巨头，最引人注目的就是美国和中国，

have not made as clear commitments to a green-tinged recovery.

还没有做出走绿色复苏道路的明确承诺。

1 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。

2 dividends   

红利( dividend的名词复数 )； 股息； 被除数； （足球彩票的）彩金

参考例句：

• Nothing pays richer dividends than magnanimity. 没有什么比宽宏大量更能得到厚报。
• Their decision five years ago to computerise the company is now paying dividends. 五年前他们作出的使公司电脑化的决定现在正产生出效益。

3 catalyst   

n.催化剂，造成变化的人或事

参考例句：

• A catalyst is a substance which speeds up a chemical reaction.催化剂是一种能加速化学反应的物质。
• The workers'demand for better conditions was a catalyst for social change.工人们要求改善工作条件促进了社会变革。

4 bloc   

n.集团；联盟

参考例句：

• A solid bloc of union members support the decision.工会会员团结起来支持该决定。
• There have been growing tensions within the trading bloc.贸易同盟国的关系越来越紧张。

5 halving   

n.对分，二等分，减半[航空、航海]等分v.把…分成两半( halve的现在分词 )；把…减半；对分；平摊

参考例句：

• You searched those halving your salary cut your enthusiasm. 你呈现，薪水减半降低了你的任务热情。 来自互联网
• Halving the repeater spacing made it possible to quadruple the bandwidth. 把增音机间隔缩小一半，就能使带宽增加三倍。 来自互联网

6 annually   

adv.一年一次，每年

参考例句：

• Many migratory birds visit this lake annually.许多候鸟每年到这个湖上作短期逗留。
• They celebrate their wedding anniversary annually.他们每年庆祝一番结婚纪念日。

7 negotiation   

n.谈判，协商

参考例句：

• They closed the deal in sugar after a week of negotiation.经过一星期的谈判，他们的食糖生意成交了。
• The negotiation dragged on until July.谈判一直拖到7月份。

8 notably   

adv.值得注意地，显著地，尤其地，特别地

参考例句：

• Many students were absent,notably the monitor.许多学生缺席，特别是连班长也没来。
• A notably short,silver-haired man,he plays basketball with his staff several times a week.他个子明显较为矮小，一头银发，每周都会和他的员工一起打几次篮球。