时代周刊:动物危机(3)

On Oct. 1, South Africa reopened its borders to some international tourists, but industry analysts¹ predict that it could be a year or more before numbers rebound² to prepandemic levels, leaving many reserves in the lurch³.

10月1日，南非向一些国际游客重新开放了边境，但据业内分析人士预测，游客数量可能需要一年或更长时间才能回归新冠前水平，此前狩猎保护区只能面对潦倒局面。

The crisis may now be pushing wildlife managers to accelerate existing moves to diversify⁴ away from tourism and into alternatives like carbon offsets⁶, Graham says. Large parks like Kruger and Masai Mara are carbon sinks as much as they are biodiversity reserves. Many large companies are committing to offset⁵ carbon emissions⁷ through forest protection and regeneration, and wildlife reserves could be the first to benefit.

格雷厄姆表示，这场危机可能会促使野生动物管理人员加快现有行动，从旅游业转向碳补偿等替代品行业。像克鲁格和马赛马拉这样的大型公园既是生物多样性保护区，也是碳汇区。许多大公司承诺通过森林保护和森林再生来抵消碳排放量，而野生动物保护区可能会是直接受益对象。

Craig Spencer, head warden⁸ of a semiprivate reserve adjacent to Kruger National Park, is not so sure it will be enough. Setting up reserves as carbon-capture zones without a focus on animal welfare might lead to the installation of wind turbines or solar panels that would be just as destructive to wild animals, he warns. Tourism at least preserved the landscape, he says, because even as tourists expect luxury, they demand a facade⁹ of true wilderness—no matter what props¹⁰ it up behind the scenes.

克雷格·斯宾塞是克鲁格国家公园附近一个半私人保护区的负责人，他不确定这样做是否可行。他警告说，如果不顾动物们的福利，把保护区建设成碳捕获区，安装风力涡轮机或太阳能电池板，这对野生动物同样具有破坏性。他说，旅游业至少保留了这里的景观，因为即使游客希望奢华，他们也需要一种真正的野性的外表——不管背后是什么在支撑。

Still, Spencer adds, the past few tourist-free months have been a blessing¹¹ in disguise for wildlife. The rhinos¹² are breeding, he says, and the hyenas¹³ too. Without the constant presence of human observers, the animals have regained¹⁴ a sense of freedom he hasn't seen for decades. "It's like they own the place again," he says. "If we could find a way to run these national parks without the need for this mass tourism, it would be obviously ideal, but I don't think that is doable. I think we need the tourism, whether we like it or not."

斯宾塞还表示，尽管如此，过去几个月游客的减少对野生动物来说是因祸得福。犀牛在繁殖，鬣狗也在繁殖。在不再被人类注视的情况下，动物们重获了一种自由感，这是他几十年来从未见过的。“就像是它们再次成为了这片土地的主人。”他说：“最理想的状态就是，我们能够找到一种方法，在不需要大量游客的情况下经营这些国家公园，不过我觉得这不可行。因为不管我们喜欢与否，我们需要旅游业。”

1 analysts   

分析家，化验员( analyst的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
• I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。

2 rebound   

v.弹回；n.弹回，跳回

参考例句：

• The vibrations accompanying the rebound are the earth quake.伴随这种回弹的振动就是地震。
• Our evil example will rebound upon ourselves.我们的坏榜样会回到我们自己头上的。

3 lurch   

n.突然向前或旁边倒；v.蹒跚而行

参考例句：

• It has been suggested that the ground movements were a form of lurch movements.地震的地面运动曾被认为是一种突然倾斜的运动形式。
• He walked with a lurch.他步履蹒跚。

4 diversify   

v.（使）不同，（使）变得多样化

参考例句：

• Our company is trying to diversify.我们公司正力图往多样化方面发展。
• Hills and woods diversify the landscape.山陵和树木点缀景色。

5 offset   

n.分支，补偿；v.抵消，补偿

参考例句：

• Their wage increases would be offset by higher prices.他们增加的工资会被物价上涨所抵消。
• He put up his prices to offset the increased cost of materials.他提高了售价以补偿材料成本的增加。

6 offsets   

n.开端( offset的名词复数 )；出发v.抵消( offset的第三人称单数 )；补偿；（为了比较的目的而）把…并列（或并置）；为（管道等）装支管

参考例句：

• The following paragraphs deal with intra-source offsets and the so-called \"bubble\" concept. 下面讨论污染源内部的补偿和所谓的“泡泡”概念。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
• The preceding paragraphs were concerned with inter-source offsets. 前文牵涉到污染源之间的补偿。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

7 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。

8 warden   

n.监察员，监狱长，看守人，监护人

参考例句：

• He is the warden of an old people's home.他是一家养老院的管理员。
• The warden of the prison signed the release.监狱长签发释放令。

9 facade   

n.(建筑物的)正面，临街正面；外表

参考例句：

• The entrance facade consists of a large full height glass door.入口正面有一大型全高度玻璃门。
• If you look carefully,you can see through Bob's facade.如果你仔细观察，你就能看穿鲍勃的外表。

10 props   

小道具； 支柱( prop的名词复数 )； 支持者； 道具； （橄榄球中的）支柱前锋

参考例句：

• Rescuers used props to stop the roof of the tunnel collapsing. 救援人员用支柱防止隧道顶塌陷。
• The government props up the prices of farm products to support farmers' incomes. 政府保持农产品价格不变以保障农民们的收入。

11 blessing   

n.祈神赐福；祷告；祝福，祝愿

参考例句：

• The blessing was said in Hebrew.祷告用了希伯来语。
• A double blessing has descended upon the house.双喜临门。

12 rhinos   

n.犀牛（rhino的复数形式）

参考例句：

• There are many reports of people taming and even training Indian rhinos. 有许多关于人们驯养甚至训练印度犀牛的记载。 来自辞典例句
• The rhinos had fed during the night in the rice fields of these villagers. 犀牛夜里在这些村民的庄稼地里也已吃饱了。 来自辞典例句

13 hyenas   

n.鬣狗( hyena的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• These animals were the prey of hyenas. 这些动物是鬣狗的猎物。 来自辞典例句
• We detest with horror the duplicity and villainy of the murderous hyenas of Bukharinite wreckers. 我们非常憎恨布哈林那帮两面三刀、杀人破坏，干尽坏事的豺狼。 来自辞典例句

14 regained   

复得( regain的过去式和过去分词 )； 赢回； 重回； 复至某地

参考例句：

• The majority of the people in the world have regained their liberty. 世界上大多数人已重获自由。
• She hesitated briefly but quickly regained her poise. 她犹豫片刻，但很快恢复了镇静。