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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
The Beijing HourEvening EditionIt's Sophie Williams with you here on this Sunday, September 6th, 2015.
Welcome to the Beijing Hour, coming to you live from the Chinese capital.
Coming up on the program this evening...
China issuing a white paper on Tibet...
G20 Finance Ministers Meeting Concentrating on Chinese Economy..
And migrants beginning to arrive in Germany....
In the 2nd half of the hour, we'll bring you some of the science and technology stories that have made headlines over the past week.
In Sports... An update from the FIVB World Cup finals...
And in Entertainment...Huang Xiaoming Reportedly set to Hold Grand Wedding Ceremony in OctoberTop NewsChina issues white paper on Tibet, reaffirming regional ethnic1 autonomyChina has issued a white paper on Tibet, reaffirming current regional ethnic autonomous2 policy ahead of the 50th anniversary of the foundation of Tibet Autonomous Region.
The white paper says practice has shown regional ethnic autonomy conforms to the fundamental interests of all ethnic groups in Tibet.
Doje Cezhug, vice3 chair of the Tibet Autonomous Region, says under the system of regional ethnic autonomy, rapid economic growth and comprehensive social progress has brought real benefits to all ethnic groups in Tibet.
"A comprehensive transportation system including roads, railways and aviation has been built, further facilitating Tibet's transportation; An extensive energy system has now been formed with hydropower as the mainstay, backed up by geothermal, wind, and solar energy sources; Tibet has now entered the information age, having established a modern telecommunications network with optical cable satellites and the Internet as the backbone4."Doje Cezhug adds that both education environment and medical undertakings5 are improving in Tibet.
According to the whitepaper, Tibet's traditional culture is also well protected, and freedom of religious belief in the Region is also respected and protected.
The whitepaper also notes the 14th Dalai Lama's continued separatist activities violate the Constitution of China and its state system.
Democratic reform was carried out in Tibet in 1959 and regional ethnic autonomy came into practice in the region in 1965.
From 1952 to 2014, the white paper says the central government provided Tibet with financial subsidies6 totaling over 648 billion yuan, accounting7 for around 93 percent of Tibet's public financial expenditure8.
G20 Finance Ministers Meeting Concentrates on Chinese EconomyAnchorThe Chinese economy has been under the spotlight9 during the G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors Meeting in Turkey, while most participants expressed their optimism towards China's economy.
CRI's Niu Honglin has more.
ReporterAt the two day meeting over the weekend in Ankara, participants exchanged views on recent unfavorable developments in financial markets, particularly stock sell-offs across the globe caused by growing worries about a slowdown in China's growth.
Christine Lagarde, chief of the International Monetary10 Fund (IMF), says China already has comprehensive reform plans to stabilize11 the market.
"On the discussion we had with the Chinese authorities, it was a good, candid12, very open, very thorough discussion both on the market front, on the monetary policy front, touching13 on the exchange rate, touching on the reforms, what has been undertaken, what will be continued, a clear reaffirmation by the two authorities, their decisiveness and determination to continue the reforms."Most economists14 believe that the stock market fluctuations15 in China have reflected some problems with the country's real economy as opposed to China suffering from a financial crisis.
Tian Huifang, a researcher from the Institute of World Economics and Politics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, shares this view.
"The stock market fluctuations remind us that we have a lot of structural16 problems, the real economy problems, as well as problems of the connections between the real economy and financial market. So we need to correct them."After the two-day meeting, Chinese Finance Minister Lou Jiwei issued a statement, saying the Chinese economy has entered a "new normal" status and the growth rate of the economy is predicted to be around 7 percent in the coming 4 to 5 years.
Zhou Xiaochuan, China's central bank governor, also pointed17 out in a joint18 statement that there is no foundation that the RMB will keep devaluing in the long term.
Zhou said that the bubble in the Chinese stock market began increasing before June 2015. Risks occurred during this period of time as investors19' leverage20 rose rapidly.
China has been taking measures to prevent its economy from systematic21 risk including the central bank providing liquidity22 to the market through multiple channels.
The measures taken by the Chinese government have prevented the stock market from declining in a precipice23 way.
German Finance Minister Wolfgang Schaeuble said that there was no need for nervousness over slower growth in China.
"Obviously the most recent developments, especially in China, have played a role - and our Chinese colleagues have given an appraisal24 of these developments, and they have said that they have decided25 on comprehensive structural reform programmes and that they will introduce these."G20 finance ministers and central bank governors will try to avoid persistent26 exchange rate misalignments and continue to monitor developments, assess spillovers and address emerging risks as needed to foster confidence and financial stability.
For CRI, I'm Niu Honglin.
China's V-day Parade shows respect to history, determination to defend peaceAnchor:
Some foreign experts have continued to laud27 China's commemoration of the victory of Chinese people's resistance against Japanese aggression28 during World War II.
CRI's Wang Mengzhen has moreReporter:
Michael Seslavinsky, head of Federal Agency on Press and Mass Communications of Russia, says the commemorative activities have expressed a respect for history.
"China suffered huge losses during the WWII. We should remember and respect the history and recall those who lost their lives with Chinese people. Without contributions made by China, the second world war could not have finished so rapidly."He says the battlefield in the East was very huge, as the region affected29 by the war was much larger than that in Europe.
Pavel Negoitsa, President of Russian newspaper Rossiyskaya Gazeta, says the military parade is of great significance, as some countries and politicians have tried to weaken the role of former Soviet30 Union and China in fighting against Japanese aggressors and German fascists31 during WWII.
"From such perspective, it is appropriate and necessary to hold the military parade so as to prove to the world the indelible contribution made by China for the victory of the WWII."Two formations of the veterans representing the resistance war forces led by both the Communist Party and the Kuomintang participated in the military parade on Thursday in Beijing.
Along with families of those soldiers who gave their lives in the war, they were reviewed by Chinese President Xi Jinping as they rode in open-air buses through the square.
Michael Miagkov, professor of Moscow Institute of International Relations said that people who still have fresh memory of the history of WWII are becoming fewer and fewer.
"For those veterans in China and former Soviet Union, this might be the last memorial day in their lifetime, and we should remember them and show our respect to the veterans who experienced the war."Mya Than Than Nu, secretary of Myanmar's Democratic Party, says the military parade China held on the 70th anniversary of the World Anti-Fascist War has a special meaning.
"Through the parade, China shows to the world that it will stick to the path of peaceful development, and it has the ability to keep world peace. To prevent further wars, many countries gathered in China and participated in this parade for world peace."Ahead of the epic32 V-Day parade on Thursday, President Xi Jinping announced to cut China's troops by 300,000.
The cuts, which are scheduled to be completed by the end of 2017, will be China's 11th military reduction since the founding of New China on October 1, 1949, and the fourth one since the 1980s.
In 1985, China downsized its army by more than 1 million, the largest cuts ever. After the recent move, China's troop levels will stand at 2 million, compared with 6.27 million in October 1949.
For CRI, I'm Wang Mengzhen.
China, Pakistan launch joint air drillA joint drill between the air forces of China and Pakistan has begun in China.
The Chinese contingent33 includes fighter jets, fighter bombers34 and early warning planes while its Pakistani counterpart dispatched fighter jets and early warning planes.
A Chinese military spokesperson says the joint exercise is part of a series of military exchange programs between the two air forces, adding that China's Air Force was willing to expand the scope of cooperation with various countries.
The first such drill was held in Pakistan in March 2011, the second in China's western Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in September 2013, and the third was held in Punjab, Pakistan, in May last year.
The Eastern Economic Forum concluded on Saturday in Russia's Far Eastern city of Vladivostok. During the forum, Chinese and Russian leaders have vowed37 to better cooperate to boost regional development.
CRI's Min Rui has more.
Reporter:
Chinese vice Premier36 Wang Yang met with Russian President Vladimir Putin at the Eastern Economic Forum in Russia's Far Eastern city of Vladivostok.
During his meeting with Putin, Wang said the Eastern Economic Forum was a chance to implement38 the consensus39 reached by the leaders of China and Russia.
In May, the regional cooperation council was established after the meeting of Chinese President Xi Jinping and Putin in Moscow. Regarding the development in Russia's Far East, China is the only partner to work with the Russian government. This means China and Russia have a special and high-level relationship. This cooperation has evolved in many departments to better facilitate the corporation mechanism40."He also says the Chinese side has always paid great attention to the cooperation with Russia in the development of the Far East.
Russia Vice Premier Yury Trutnev says the Russian side is willing to work side by side with China and facilitate Chinese companies to invest in Russia.
"The Eastern Economic Forum is not empty talk, but discussed with all-round practical cooperation, including the ongoing41 two Coastal42 traffic corridors, which will bring convenience to logistics and transportation. The Russian side decided to fasten the construction of a rail bridge in Primorsky Krai crossing the Heilongjiang River."Moreover, new cooperative formats43 were also discussed at the forum, including enlarging financing channels, exploring resource development, processing along with manufacturing, and modern agriculture.
It's been reported that Russia is to extend the free port regime to more cities in Russia's Far East region, while the city of Vladivostok and 15 other maritime44 administrative45 districts were given the status in July.
Vladimir Miklushevsky, Governor of Primorsky Krai in Russia's Far East says currently the region has more than 250 Chinese companies covering agriculture, logistics and construction sectors47.
"During the forum, the Primorsky Krai region has signed deals worth 45 billion rubles to promote modern agriculture in Mikhaylovsk. In addition, Primorsky Krai has also set up a government run investment office to offer tax reductions to qualified48 investors."The China-Russia regional cooperation and development investment fund is currently under preparation.
It will mainly support the regional development projects, in which China has encouraged all commercial and governmental financial institutions to participate.
For CRI, I'm Min Rui.
Chinese Military Band Joins the Moscow's Establishment CelebrationA Chinese military band marched in Moscow on Saturday as part of celebrations marking the 868th anniversary of the city's establishment.
A total of 1,200 musicians from 12 nations took part in the event on Tverskaya Street.
They will also attend the 8th International Military Music Festival Saturday evening in the city's Red Square.
This year's festivities comprise of over 500 events, including 300 concerts, almost 250 tours and excursions, activities in 100 city parks, and around 100 workshops.
Renowned51 Enterprises Focus on NE China's Manufacturing SectorRenowned domestic and overseas enterprises have attached great significance to the development of the manufacturing sector46 in China's northeastern provinces, the nation's most significant traditional industrial base.
An expo which came to a close on Saturday in Shenyang, northeast China's Liaoning Province attracted around one-thousand enterprises.
Samsung attended the event for the first time and say they want to explore the market in China's northeastern provinces.
"The northeastern provinces are a key area supported by the government in China. The area will develop very fast in the following three to five years. Samsung is confident about the market, therefore our company is participating in this expo."Many other renowned businesses including Haas Automation and Carl Zeiss AG also took part in the expo displaying their latest technologies and products in the hope of attracting more customers.
China's Land Market Shows Signs of Cooling DownChina's land market has been showing signs of cooling down over the past eight months, with land transferring fees dropping over 28 percent year on year.
Periodically, land transfer fees in the first five months dropped more than 40 percent year on year. While the land market has started to warm up since June, with the transfer fee increasing on a year-on-year basis by 13 percent from June to August.
Huang Yu, executive vice president of China Index Academy, explains the reasons behind the decreasing land transferring fee over the past eight months.
"One of the main reasons for the decreasing land transferring fee is the reduction in supply of land and land transactions. On the other hand, for the whole market, the excessive inventory53 indeed brings pressure on the enterprises, which has caused the decline in land transferring fees."In June this year, the government brought out measures to regulate and control the real estate market including the lowered minimum down payments for house purchases using provident54 funds.
Migrants Begin to Arrive in GermanyAbout 70 refugees and migrants, mostly from Syria and Iraq, arrived in Frankfurt early on Sunday morning.
The group received a warm welcome from locals as their train pulled into the station, with many residents holding balloons and banners reading "Welcome to Frankfurt".
Not all the newcomers would stay in Frankfurt. Nawras Ali, who left his home in Syria a month ago, said he was among those being redirected to shelters and camps across Germany.
"Our aim was to stay in Frankfurt, but now, as all these kind people welcomed us and told us to get on this train some people are organising here. I think they are taking us to a certain place near here. I don't know exactly where it is. But they told us that it is for us – and for people like us."Thousands of asylum55 seekers have now reached Germany and Austria after the Hungarian government offered to transport them to the Austrian border on Friday.
Up to 10,000 migrants are expected to arrive in Germany on special trains from Budapest via Vienna and Munich. German officials say around 6,000 migrants had passed through Munich by Saturday evening.
Australia to Do More in Migrant Crisis: AbbotAustralia's Prime Minister, Tony Abbott, said on Sunday that his country was prepared to do more to help address the Syrian refugee crisis.
"Australia is a country which has always taken its international obligations seriously. Australia is a county which has always done what we can to assist when people are in trouble around the world. And we certainly are not going to change our character now."Abbott said Australia had taken 4,400 refugees from Syria and Iraq in the last financial year ending in June.
Canadian Memorial Service Held for Syrian Boys and Mother Drowned in TurkeyFamily, friends and mourners gathered in Vancouver and held an emotional memorial service on Saturday for two Syrian toddlers and their mother who drowned in Turkey while trying to reach Greece.
The stories of the boys, three-year-old Alan and five-year-old Ghalib, and their mother Rehanna Kurdi brought the world's attention to the plight57 of thousands of refugees fleeing war-torn countries like Syria.
Earlier this week, photos of Alan Kurdi's tiny body on a Turkish beach shocked the world.
Abdullah Kurdi, the children's father and Rehanna's husband, survived the trip and attended a funeral and burial in Syria on Friday. The family's relatives and friends in Canada held a separate memorial in Vancouver.
Tima Kurdi, the boys' aunt, said she was worried about her brother Abdullah.
"He's not leaving the graves. He was sleeping the last three days there, on the ground, beside them."Rihanna Weibe, one of the attendees of the service, said she hoped the tragic58 events could inspire the world to do more.
"I really hope that their death wasn't in vain. That people around the world will look at this and realize that we're not doing what we can, what we should, what we need to."Europe is dealing59 with unprecedented60 numbers of refugees and migrants this year fleeing war-torn countries including Syria.
The city of Baltimore in the United States has a reputation for violence, with more than 200 murders so far this year alone.
With the number of homicides spiraling, community leaders are mobilizing to revitalize and transform the troubled community with a special eye for protecting the city's children.
Reporter:
Of all the neighborhoods in the city, West Baltimore has been disproportionately affected by the violence this summer.
Its corners are flanked by whole blocks of vacant buildings, often wrapped in yellow police tape. The Western District has seen 43 homicides this year - far more than any other district in the city.
In April, officers arrested Freddie Gray, a 25-year-old black man.
He suffered a critical spine64 injury in the police transport van and died seven days later. His death spawned65 protests that gave way to violence and looting, and the city's homicide rate began to skyrocket.
The police commissioner66 lost his job, and half a dozen officers were indicted67 in connection with Gray's death, but the violence continued.
Derek Bowden, a Baltimore Community Activist61 stands outside a row of abandoned houses in the city. He mourns the city he once knew.
"It was beautiful. We might have been poor, but we all ate, we all looked out for one another. And now it's devastation68. It's like extinction69 of a people, I don't understand."The challenges the city faces has produced two very different responses.
A converted laundromat in West Baltimore, just blocks from where Gray was arrested, has been transformed into a safe zone for local children.
Ericka Alston launched the center in the poor, crime-riddled neighborhood in response to the violence that followed the death of Freddie Gray.
"Half a block away someone one was shot and killed. We could hear the bullets, you hear the gunfire and we're in a community where kids know to duck and hide, and take shelter. That's why a safe place was needed."Across town, in a high-rise conference room downtown, Baltimore police are working on a very different message.
Last month, the Police Department launched what they call a War Room in an effort combat the spike70 in killings72.
Also the 300 Man March, an organization dedicated73 to promoting peace and empowerment, are mobilizing on the ground, with grassroots efforts to instill lessons of nonviolence.
Every Wednesday at twilight74, the group takes an hour-long bike ride through the city, donning T-shirts that read: "We Must Stop Killing71 Each Other."Community activism like this is helping75 some young people learn that there is an alternative to a life of violence.
"We learning to do the right thing and not selling drugs like all these crack heads and all that other stuff that be around here."Munir Bahar, who leads the annual 300 Man March against violence in West Baltimore, says a cultural shift needs to take place in the inner city.
"It's cool to be in a gang…you get stripes if you get locked up. This is the backwards76 idiotic77 sort of culture that exists in the street world and that's really what we're attacking. It's a cultural thing."Some gang members are going into schools to talk to students about nonviolence or working with community activists to try to change things.
For CRI, I'm Luo Bin.
Scientists from the University of Cambridge Build a Robotic 'Mother'
Anchor:
Scientists from the University of Cambridge have developed a mother robot that independently builds its own baby robots and then tests their performances to inform the future design.
CRI's Liu Yuanhui reports.
Anchor:
The mother robot first glues one to five modules79 together to make a child robot and put a slightly-different motor inside each cube. Then it tests how far each cube moves from a starting point in a certain amount of time, with the best individual's traits carried over into the next generation.
The lead researcher Dr Fumiya Iida said their experiments bring about interesting results.
"The mother robot can actually build hundreds of child robots and see the performance of these child robots and, if their performance is good, keep their design for the next generation. And if bad, just let it go. And just repeating this iterative design improvement processes, the mother robot can actually gradually improve the performance of the child robot,"Dr Fumiya Lida also said the mother robots produced a large number of robotic offspring.
"The largest experiment that we did so far, we built 500 robots; the mother robot generated 500 robots to see what one is good and which one is bad. And after all, we found quite an interesting design, the design of the child robots, that is very difficult for humans to design."While the idea of a mother robot that autonomously81 builds better and better baby robots sounds like a premise82 for a science fiction film, this super mother robot's ability, in fact, is determined83 by a reward program.
Andre Rosendo, who worked on the project at the University's Department of Engineering, explains how the reward program works.
"We program the robot based on some functions that define the reward that the robot is going to get depending on the construction that they make. They cannot change their own reward. And as the robot evolves, trying to maximize the reward that we give them, they try to reach better behaves (behavior). In the case of children robot, it's distance. So the longer the distance that the robot walks, the better the reward that it receives,"The research team in Cambridge says their robots are mimicking84 nature's evolutionary85 mechanism of survival of the fittest, and can be applied86 to manufacturing.
"When you go to industries and you have, for example, a factory that makes cars; if you could have robot cameras evaluating how each car is being created, and from the mistakes that you had in the operation you could just re-do for the next car and for the next car, and you keep re-doing it - at the end you're going to have amazing cars."So far, the mother robot needs about ten minutes to design, build and test a baby robot it produced.
The scientists hope they could eventually use a computer simulation to pre-select the best robot designs and use real models for actual testing.
For CRI, I'm Liu Yuanhui.
WeatherBeijing is clear tonight with a low of 16; a mix of sun and cloud tomorrow with a high of 28 degrees Celsius87.
Shanghai will see showers tonight with a low of 23, rainy to cloudy tomorrow with a high of 29.
Chongqing, cloudy tonight with a low of 25, tomorrow also cloudy with a high of 32.
Lhasa expects showers tonight with a low of 10, cloudy to rainy tomorrow with a high of 23.
Elsewhere in Asia,Islamabad, slight rain tomorrow with a high of 35.
Kabul, also slight rain, 23.
Down in the Southern Hemisphere.
Sydney , wet with a high of 22.
Brisbane, also wet with a high of 24.
Perth, cloudy, 23.
And finally Auckland, New Zealand will be cloudy with a high of 13 degrees Celsius.
Headline newsChina issues white paper on Tibet, reaffirming regional ethnic autonomyChina has issued a white paper on Tibet, reaffirming current regional ethnic autonomous policy ahead of the 50th anniversary of the foundation of Tibet Autonomous Region.
The white paper says practice has shown regional ethnic autonomy conforms to the fundamental interests of all ethnic groups in Tibet.
It says Tibet's traditional culture is well protected, and freedom of religious belief in the Region is also respected and protected.
It also notes the 14th Dalai Lama's continued separatist activities violate the Constitution of China and its state system.
Democratic reform was carried out in Tibet in 1959 and regional ethnic autonomy came into practice in the region in 1965.
China, Pakistan launch joint air drillA joint drill between the air forces of China and Pakistan has begun in China.
The Chinese contingent includes fighter jets, fighter bombers and early warning planes while its Pakistani counterpart dispatched fighter jets and early warning planes.
A Chinese military spokesperson says the joint exercise is part of a series of military exchange programs between the two air forces, adding that China's Air Force was willing to expand the scope of cooperation with various countries.
The first such drill was held in Pakistan in March 2011, the second in China's western Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in September 2013, and the third was held in Punjab, Pakistan, in May last year.
Thai reform council rejects draft charterThailand's National Reform Council has voted to reject a 124-page draft constitution.
The National Council for Peace and Order will have to appoint a new 21-member constitution drafting committee within 30 days, which will then draft a fresh charter within 180 days.
If the council votes down the draft charter, a referendum, originally scheduled for next January, could be delayed until July 2016, and as a result, a general election might not be held until April 2017.
The rejected draft charter, one of the longest in the world, has drawn88 criticism over several controversial provisions, including one stipulating89 the establishment of a crisis committee, which is empowered to take over from an elected government in a crisis if the action is deemed necessary.
U.S. Army investigates violent West Point pillow fightThe U.S. Army has launched an investigation90 into a bloody91 pillow fight at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point.
The pillow fight held on Aug. 20 led to 24 cadets suffering from concussions92 and others suffering injuries including a broken nose, a dislocated shoulder and a broken cheekbone.
The U.S. Army authorities said in a statement that they never condone93 any activity that results in intentional94 harm to a teammate.
While the statement said a military police investigation was underway, it did not explain why the academy kept the brawl95 a secret until now.
Details of the violence at the century-long West Point traditional event was first reported by the New York Times on Friday, which said a group of cadets stuffed pillowcases with hard objects.
Sci&Tech ReportAnchor:
It's time to check on the latest updates from the science and technology sector in the past week in our Weekly Sci-Tech feature.
China's Lunar Orbiter Gets Close-up images of the Moon.
Let's catch up on all the latest with CRI's Wen Jie.
Reporter:
Chinese space authorities have obtained new images of a planned Moon-landing site.
The images, taken from 30-kilometers above the moon, have been taken by a service module78 in orbit around the moon last year.
China's Space Administration is planning on sending its unmanned Chang'e-5 mission to land on the Moon in two years' time.
It will be the first attempt by Chinese space authorities to complete a return mission, as the lander is expected to collect samples from the moon.
======United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon and CEO of China's search engine giant Robin98 Li have co-launched a mobile application for electronic waste recycling to save resources and reduce pollution.
The Baidu Recycle 2.0 can help individuals disposing e-waste products easily find authorized99 companies to make an efficient and environmentally-friendly deal.
The new app is considered to be a star product of the UN Development Programme and Baidu's joint data lab to facilitate a greener and more sustainable society in China.
For now, many Chinese still sell their electronic waste to unauthorized workshops because of its convenience and relatively100 good price.
However, experts warn the environmental damage caused by random102 disposal of toxic103 materials is a more long-term concern that cannot be ignored.
======Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital are working on a cure for genetic deafness.
Lead researcher Jeff Holt and his team are using engineered viruses to repair damaged genes104 that make up parts of the inner ear.
"Our strategy was to take a viral vector, remove the viral genes so that it doesn't make anyone sick and to replace those with the correct DNA105 sequence for TMC1."TMC1 is a gene80 critical to hearing.
It is responsible for encoding proteins that convert sound into electrical signals the brain can process.
To test their treatment protocol106, Holt and his team used two types of deaf mice that model the dominant107 and recessive108 genetic mutations of TMC1 in humans.
The team used an engineered virus called adeno-associated virus, or AAV1, to deliver the functioning TMC1 gene to the inner ears of the deaf mice models.
"We found that we can restore function in both cases for recessive and dominant forms of TMC1 mutations."Holt says that if all goes as planned, children of the future who lose their ability to hear due to genetic mutation109 will never go deaf.
======Two leading transplant scientists are planning to work together to conduct the world's first human head transplant.
Sergio Canavero, a controversial physician who previously110 announced he will attempt to transplant a human head to a new body, said he'll partner with Chinese surgeon Ren Xiaoping on the ultimate medical challenge.
He said Ren's creation of new models in transplant etiology and experience in clinical etiology is what attracted him to the partnership111.
Ren triggered public debate after successfully transplanting the head of one mouse to another's body in 2013.
Canavero and Ren plan to establish an international medical team.
They have identified a 30-year-old Russian computer scientist with muscular dystrophy as the first patient.
However, both of them admit that there are many technical difficulties with linking the nervous system, blood vessels113 and spinal114 cord in order to prevent the body from rejecting the head.
The complicated project could take place in least two years with full funding, proper staff and strong leadership.
The world's first attempted head transplant was back to 1970, when American neurosurgeon Robert J. White transplanted the head of one monkey to the body of another.
The monkey died after several days.
======Tech giants are displaying their new smart products at the IFA technology fair currently held in Germany, competing to impress the world's tech experts and consumers. The super-high resolution display known as 4K is the centerpiece feature of Sony's latest flagship smartphone.
The company has revealed big improvements to its Xperia Z5 range.
The phone comes in two sizes, starting with the pocket friendly Z5 compact with a 4.6 inch screen.
Kazuo Hirai, Sony President and CEO says the size is optimised for entertainment viewing.
"And for those of you who are entertainment enthusiasts116 we are offering the Xperia Z5 Premium, the world's first 4K smartphone giving you the ultimate viewing experience on a mobile device. So now you can enjoy the 4K viewing experience in the palm of your hand on the stunning117 5.5 inch screen."Meanwhile, the Z5 comes with a 23 megapixel camera with an upgraded image sensor118 that allows for a five times zoom119 without losing any image quality.
It also comes with improved motion stabilisation for videos.
At the same time, Chinese company Huawei is launching the world's first smartphone with force touch at the fair.
Force touch technology is a feature previously only seen in the Apple Watch, that allows the phone to detect how hard the user is pressing on the touch screen and react accordingly.
Huawei's CEO, Richard Yu says the phone named Mate S can be used as a scale to weigh objects such as an orange.
"You can put an orange on a screen to check roughly what about the weight of this."The Huawei Mate S will also come with a 5.5-inch AMOLED screen, a 13-megapixel camera and a curved back.
The phone is Huawei's first phone targeted at the top end of the market.
======Brazil is building a giant observation tower in the heart of the Amazon to monitor climate change and its impact on the region's sensitive ecosystem120.
The 325-meter high Amazon Tall Tower Observatory121 (ATTO) is a joint project between Brazil's National Institute of Amazonian Research and Germany's Max Planck Institute.
It will be equipped with high-tech122 instruments and an observatory to monitor relationships between the jungle and the atmosphere.
The equipment will collect data about greenhouse gases, aerosol123 particles, cloud properties, boundary-layer processes, and the transport of air masses every day.
From the top of the tower, researchers can also trace the changes in air masses triggered by crossing large areas of forest.
======New Zealand's central bank is set to unveil a new series of high-tech bank notes, stepping up the war on counterfeits124.
The 5 and 10 NZ dollar notes are said to be technologically125 sophisticated and aesthetically126 pleasing.
A transparent127 holographic window and a picture of a native bird that both change color when the note is tilted128 is said to be "a world first" feature.
Other security features include a "puzzle number" -- colored irregular shapes that combine like puzzle pieces to show the notes denomination129 when held up to the light -- and raised ink on both sides of each note.
The new bank notes are set to be released in mid-October.
And that brings us to the end of this edition of our weekly science and technology feature.
Thank you for listening and I hope you enjoyed the show.
I'm Wenjie. See you next week.
SportsFIVB World Cup updateBeginning with some live action from women's volleyball,China are playing hosts Japan for their last match in the FIVB World Cup.
After taking out the toughest opponents Russia yesterday, China extended the record to nine wins and one loss at the tournament and moved up to top of the table.
But with Serbia lurking131 closely behind in second place, a loss could see China missing out on the medals and walking away with nothing.
Japan beat China to qualify for Rio with title at Asian ChampionshipIn women's basketball,Hosts China failed to bag a victory in their final against Japan at the Asian Championships.
China were at an disadvantage early on in the game and never managed to catch up.
Japan sealed the win with a 35-point gap towards the end.
Japan automatically qualified for next year's Rio Olympic Games as Asian champions.
Euro 2016 qualifiers resultsIn football,Spain moved above Slovakia to the top of Group C with a 2-0 win in the Euro 2016 qualifiers.
Jordi Alba's early header and a penalty from Andres Iniesta sealed the victory for Spain.
Both teams are tied at 18 points but Spain are ahead on goal difference.
Slovakia coach Jan Kozak knew what they were going up against and accepted the result. He says it will not affect the team's mindset going into the next game against Ukraine.
"The game against Ukraine is going to be a different game, we're going to play at home, in front of our fans, who are very good, and of course, in the end, this defeat is against a high quality rival, I think that we played quite well, in a diligent133 way, for 90 minutes. Spain deserve the victory and they were better, but I don't think it will affect us in a negative way."Slovakia will host Ukraine on Tuesday while Spain visit Macedonia.
In other action,England thrashed San Marino 6-0 to become the first team to qualify for Euro 2016.
Wayne Rooney scored a penalty and leveled England's scoring record of 49 goals.
More action to follow early tomorrow morning,The Netherlands fight Turkey for a chance to break through the group stages;And Italy will play Bulgaria.
Former Nigerian Football player runs for FIFA presidencyNow some off-pitch football news,Former Nigerian football player Segun Odegbami has declared his run for the FIFA presidency134.
The former captain of Nigeria's national team says it is time that the world's football governing body was led by an African.
Odegbami says he is confident about his chances of being elected from his past experiences on the football field.
He joins UEFA president Michel Platini, former FIFA vice-president Chung Mong-Joon and Prince Ali of Jordan for the election next February.
US Open updateIn tennis,Roger Federer beat Philipp Kohlschreiber in straight sets 6-3, 6-4, 6-4 to reach the last 16 at the US Open.
Kohlschreiber broke Federer twice in the match but the five-time US Open winner recovered well to limit the losses.
Federer says it could have been worse for him.
"There's just not much rhythm, to be quite honest. I think because of my serve and no rhythm, I might have gotten broken as well a couple of times in sets two and three. It's exactly those kind of matches I need to win. Especially if I drop serve, I still find a way and, I don't want to say comfortably, but I get maybe a little bit lucky at times, but also push luck on my side."Stan Wawrinka, John Isner, Kevin Anderson and Andy Murray join Federer in the next round.
In women's action,Second seed Simona Halep booked her place in the fourth round with a 6-2, 6-3 win over American qualifier Shelby Rogers.
Halep is getting her confidence back after some disappointing results this season.
"Was a great week for me. It was nice. I came here without expectations because after Roland Garros and Wimbledon, I couldn't think like that I'm going to do good result here. But I'm in the second week already. It's a good result already for me. So I feel happy. I feel confident. I feel that I have chances this tournament. I'm just looking forward for the next round and, of course, to improve day by day to be better next round because I will need."More action from the women's side,Victoria Azarenka beat Angelique Kerber in three sets, and Petra Kvitova, Flavia Pennetta and Johanna Konta all made it through.
Lewis Hamilton to start from pole at Italian GPIn formula one,Lewis Hamilton will start from pole again for the Italian Grand Prix at Monza.
It is his seventh straight pole and 11th this season. The Mercedes driver is only one shy of Ayrton Senna's record of eight straight poles.
Ferrari's Kimi Raikkonen shares the front row with Hamilton. Raikkonen is thrilled to be racing135 in front of home crowds.
"Strong weekend but we knew that this place is not our strongest probably so and then the car turned out to be pretty good in qualifying conditions. We had many good laps, it has been a while, so it is nice to be here - especially a home race for us and probably our best qualifying this year as a team so we try to give another good go tomorrow and a good result, not just for ourselves but all our fans and Ferrari people who are behind us."Their teammates Sebastian Vettel and Nico Rosberg are right behind them in third and fourth place.
EntertainmentHuang Xiaoming Reportedly to Hold Grand Wedding Ceremony in OctoberChinese actor Huang Xiaoming and wife Angelababy will reportedly host a grand wedding reception in October.
A verified Weibo account by Chen Qi, CEO of Beijing Q-Star Media Corporation, said the ceremony would be held on October 8th.
Chen Qi also revealed Wang Sicong, son of Wanda Group's CEO Wang Jianlin, would act as Huang Xiaoming's groomsman at the upcoming ceremony.
Earlier, actress Ni Ni also revealed that she would be a bridesmaid at the wedding.
However, the news has yet to be confirmed by the couple.
5th Chinafest in Dusseldorf Draws Huge CrowdThe annual Chinafest in the German city of Dusseldorf has drawn around 30,000 people this year.
The culture exchange event brings various traditional Chinese art forms like seal cutting and Taichi to the German audiences.
The activities that most impressed visitors were acrobatics137 and face-changing in Sichuan opera, when performers change from one face mask to another almost instantly.
"I've never seen it before, so it's really something new. You can see it on TV, but if you see it live, it's wonderful, it's different."Established in 2011, the Chinafest has welcomed its fifth year in Dusseldorf.
Venice: 'Equals', 'Danish Girl' PremiereKristen Stewart and Nicholas Hoult have brought their latest romance drama "Equals" to the Venice Film Festival.
Directed by Drake Doremus, the science-fiction romance is set in a future society where human emotions are genetically138 suppressed for the sake of humanity.
However, the characters, Nia and Silas, secretly developed a relationship that shakes their identities and endangers their lives.
The film is one of the 21 films competing for the festival's top prize, the Golden Lion.
Also competing in the category is Academy Award winner Eddie Redmayne's latest work "The Danish Girl".
Directed by Tom Hooper, the biopic tells the story of the world's first known person to undergo sex-change surgery. The main character and painter Lili Elbe was born in 19th-century Denmark.
Leading actor Eddie Redmayne, who won a Best Actor Oscar for his performance as Stephen Hawking141, says he felt lucky to star these two major roles.
"If you were lucky enough, as an actor, to get to play interesting people in interesting stories or firstly, if you're lucky enough as an actor to have employment - that's always a good start. But to get to play two such formidable people as Stephen and then Lili was a dream. A dream come true."'The Danish Girl' is inspired by a novel of the same name by David Ebershoff, published in 2000.
The film is due for a limited release on November 27 in the US.
Hou Hsiao-Hsien's Early Masterwork Screened at VeniceStaying at the Venice Film Festival,An early masterwork by Taiwan director Hou Hsiao-Hsien is now screened at the event, after being restored by Cinematek, the royal cinema archive of Belgium.
'The Boys from Feng-kuei', made 32 years ago, is of great importance in the director's career as it has changed his cinematic style completely.
It was also one of the first films that introduced the unique cinema landscape in Asia to European audience.
The coming-of-age film tells the story of four rebellious142 teenagers from the small coastal village of Feng-kuei, who come to Kaohsiung and are faced with the harsh realities of the big city.
Two other early works by Hou, 'Cute Girl', and 'The Green, Green Grass of Home', have also been restored by Cinematek.
Hou Hsiao-Hsien is a judge at this year's main competition unit.
James Franco to Teach High School Film CourseDirector and actor James Franco is heading back to high school as a teacher.
Franco announced on his Instagram page that he would be teaching an eight-part film course at Palo Alto High School in Silicon143 Valley.
He also encouraged students to apply for the course.
24 students in the school between grades 9 and 12 are eligible144 to apply online by September 10th.
To get in, the students have to submit a 200-word essay on why they are the perfect choice of the project, along with a one-minute video of self-introduction.
The students selected will then work in groups to produce a film that will be eventually screened at a film festival.
It's not the first time for Franco to teach film.
He has taught both at New York University and the University of Southern California.
That's it for this weekend edition of the Beijing Hour.
A quick look at the headlines before we go...
China issuing a white paper on Tibet...
G20 Finance Ministers Meeting Concentrating on Chinese Economy..
And migrants beginning to arrive in Germany....
On behalf of the Beijing Hour staffers, this is Sophie Williams in Beijing hoping you'll join us for the next edition of the Beijing Hour, and open a window to the world together.
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ethnic
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| adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的 | |
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autonomous
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| adj.自治的；独立的 | |
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vice
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| n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的 | |
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backbone
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| n.脊骨，脊柱，骨干；刚毅，骨气 | |
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undertakings
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| 企业( undertaking的名词复数 )； 保证； 殡仪业； 任务 | |
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subsidies
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| n.补贴，津贴，补助金( subsidy的名词复数 ) | |
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accounting
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| n.会计，会计学，借贷对照表 | |
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expenditure
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| n.(时间、劳力、金钱等)支出；使用，消耗 | |
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spotlight
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| n.公众注意的中心，聚光灯，探照灯，视听，注意，醒目 | |
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monetary
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| adj.货币的，钱的；通货的；金融的；财政的 | |
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stabilize
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| vt.（使）稳定，使稳固，使稳定平衡；vi.稳定 | |
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candid
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| adj.公正的，正直的；坦率的 | |
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touching
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| adj.动人的，使人感伤的 | |
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economists
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| n.经济学家，经济专家( economist的名词复数 ) | |
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fluctuations
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| 波动，涨落，起伏( fluctuation的名词复数 ) | |
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structural
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| adj.构造的，组织的，建筑（用）的 | |
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pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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joint
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| adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合 | |
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investors
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| n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 ) | |
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leverage
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| n.力量，影响；杠杆作用，杠杆的力量 | |
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systematic
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| adj.有系统的，有计划的，有方法的 | |
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liquidity
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| n.流动性，偿债能力，流动资产 | |
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precipice
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| n.悬崖，危急的处境 | |
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appraisal
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| n.对…作出的评价；评价，鉴定，评估 | |
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decided
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| adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的 | |
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persistent
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| adj.坚持不懈的，执意的；持续的 | |
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laud
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| n.颂歌；v.赞美 | |
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aggression
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| n.进攻，侵略，侵犯，侵害 | |
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affected
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| adj.不自然的，假装的 | |
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Soviet
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| adj.苏联的，苏维埃的；n.苏维埃 | |
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fascists
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| n.法西斯主义的支持者( fascist的名词复数 ) | |
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epic
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| n.史诗，叙事诗；adj.史诗般的，壮丽的 | |
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contingent
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| adj.视条件而定的；n.一组，代表团，分遣队 | |
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bombers
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| n.轰炸机( bomber的名词复数 )；投弹手；安非他明胶囊；大麻叶香烟 | |
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forum
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| n.论坛，讨论会 | |
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premier
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| adj.首要的；n.总理，首相 | |
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vowed
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| 起誓，发誓（vow的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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implement
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| n.(pl.)工具，器具；vt.实行，实施，执行 | |
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consensus
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| n.(意见等的)一致，一致同意，共识 | |
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mechanism
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| n.机械装置；机构，结构 | |
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ongoing
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| adj.进行中的，前进的 | |
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coastal
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| adj.海岸的，沿海的，沿岸的 | |
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formats
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| n.（出版物的）版式( format的名词复数 )；[电视]电视节目的总安排（或计划） | |
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maritime
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| adj.海的，海事的，航海的，近海的，沿海的 | |
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administrative
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| adj.行政的，管理的 | |
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sector
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| n.部门，部分；防御地段，防区；扇形 | |
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sectors
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| n.部门( sector的名词复数 )；领域；防御地区；扇形 | |
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qualified
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| adj.合格的，有资格的，胜任的，有限制的 | |
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celebrated
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| adj.有名的，声誉卓著的 | |
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annually
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| adv.一年一次，每年 | |
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renowned
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| adj.著名的，有名望的，声誉鹊起的 | |
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machinery
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| n.(总称)机械，机器；机构 | |
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inventory
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| n.详细目录，存货清单 | |
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provident
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| adj.为将来做准备的，有先见之明的 | |
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asylum
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| n.避难所，庇护所，避难 | |
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specify
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| vt.指定，详细说明 | |
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plight
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| n.困境，境况，誓约，艰难；vt.宣誓，保证，约定 | |
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tragic
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| adj.悲剧的，悲剧性的，悲惨的 | |
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dealing
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| n.经商方法，待人态度 | |
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unprecedented
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| adj.无前例的，新奇的 | |
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activist
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| n.活动分子，积极分子 | |
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activists
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| n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 ) | |
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bin
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| n.箱柜；vt.放入箱内；[计算机] DOS文件名:二进制目标文件 | |
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spine
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| n.脊柱，脊椎；(动植物的)刺；书脊 | |
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spawned
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| （鱼、蛙等）大量产（卵）( spawn的过去式和过去分词 )； 大量生产 | |
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commissioner
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| n.（政府厅、局、处等部门）专员，长官，委员 | |
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indicted
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| 控告，起诉( indict的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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devastation
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| n.毁坏；荒废；极度震惊或悲伤 | |
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extinction
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| n.熄灭，消亡，消灭，灭绝，绝种 | |
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spike
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| n.长钉，钉鞋；v.以大钉钉牢，使...失效 | |
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killing
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| n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财 | |
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killings
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| 谋杀( killing的名词复数 )； 突然发大财，暴发 | |
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dedicated
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| adj.一心一意的；献身的；热诚的 | |
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twilight
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| n.暮光，黄昏；暮年，晚期，衰落时期 | |
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helping
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| n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的 | |
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backwards
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| adv.往回地，向原处，倒，相反，前后倒置地 | |
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idiotic
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| adj.白痴的 | |
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module
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| n.组件，模块，模件；(航天器的)舱 | |
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modules
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| n.模块( module的名词复数 )；单元；（宇宙飞船上各个独立的）舱；组件 | |
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gene
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| n.遗传因子，基因 | |
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autonomously
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| adv. 自律地，自治地 | |
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premise
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| n.前提；v.提论，预述 | |
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determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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mimicking
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| v.（尤指为了逗乐而）模仿( mimic的现在分词 )；酷似 | |
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evolutionary
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| adj.进化的；演化的，演变的；[生]进化论的 | |
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applied
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| adj.应用的；v.应用，适用 | |
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Celsius
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| adj.摄氏温度计的，摄氏的 | |
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drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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stipulating
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| v.（尤指在协议或建议中）规定，约定，讲明（条件等）( stipulate的现在分词 )；规定，明确要求 | |
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investigation
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| n.调查，调查研究 | |
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bloody
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| adj.非常的的；流血的；残忍的；adv.很；vt.血染 | |
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concussions
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| n.震荡( concussion的名词复数 )；脑震荡；冲击；震动 | |
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condone
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| v.宽恕；原谅 | |
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intentional
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| adj.故意的，有意（识）的 | |
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brawl
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| n.大声争吵，喧嚷；v.吵架，对骂 | |
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dubbed
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| v.给…起绰号( dub的过去式和过去分词 )；把…称为；配音；复制 | |
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genetic
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| adj.遗传的，遗传学的 | |
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robin
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| n.知更鸟，红襟鸟 | |
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authorized
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| a.委任的，许可的 | |
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relatively
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| adv.比较...地，相对地 | |
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brutally
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| adv.残忍地，野蛮地，冷酷无情地 | |
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random
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| adj.随机的；任意的；n.偶然的(或随便的)行动 | |
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103
toxic
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| adj.有毒的，因中毒引起的 | |
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104
genes
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| n.基因( gene的名词复数 ) | |
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105
DNA
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| (缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸 | |
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106
protocol
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| n.议定书，草约，会谈记录，外交礼节 | |
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107
dominant
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| adj.支配的，统治的；占优势的；显性的；n.主因，要素，主要的人(或物)；显性基因 | |
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108
recessive
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| adj.退行的，逆行的，后退的，隐性的 | |
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109
mutation
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| n.变化，变异，转变 | |
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110
previously
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| adv.以前，先前（地） | |
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111
partnership
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| n.合作关系，伙伴关系 | |
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112
primates
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| primate的复数 | |
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113
vessels
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| n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人 | |
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114
spinal
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| adj.针的，尖刺的，尖刺状突起的；adj.脊骨的，脊髓的 | |
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115
premium
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| n.加付款；赠品；adj.高级的；售价高的 | |
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116
enthusiasts
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| n.热心人，热衷者( enthusiast的名词复数 ) | |
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117
stunning
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| adj.极好的；使人晕倒的 | |
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118
sensor
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| n.传感器，探测设备，感觉器（官） | |
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119
zoom
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| n.急速上升；v.突然扩大，急速上升 | |
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120
ecosystem
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| n.生态系统 | |
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121
observatory
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| n.天文台，气象台，瞭望台，观测台 | |
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122
high-tech
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| adj.高科技的 | |
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123
aerosol
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| n.悬浮尘粒，气溶胶，烟雾剂，喷雾器 | |
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124
counterfeits
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| v.仿制，造假( counterfeit的第三人称单数 ) | |
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125
technologically
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| ad.技术上地 | |
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126
aesthetically
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| adv.美地，艺术地 | |
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127
transparent
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| adj.明显的，无疑的；透明的 | |
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128
tilted
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| v. 倾斜的 | |
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129
denomination
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| n.命名，取名，(度量衡、货币等的)单位 | |
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130
berth
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| n.卧铺，停泊地，锚位；v.使停泊 | |
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131
lurking
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| 潜在 | |
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132
berths
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| n.（船、列车等的）卧铺( berth的名词复数 )；（船舶的）停泊位或锚位；差事；船台vt.v.停泊( berth的第三人称单数 )；占铺位 | |
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133
diligent
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| adj.勤勉的，勤奋的 | |
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134
presidency
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| n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期) | |
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135
racing
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| n.竞赛，赛马；adj.竞赛用的，赛马用的 | |
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136
licenses
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| n.执照( license的名词复数 )v.批准，许可，颁发执照( license的第三人称单数 ) | |
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137
acrobatics
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| n.杂技 | |
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138
genetically
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| adv.遗传上 | |
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139
standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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140
ovation
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| n.欢呼，热烈欢迎，热烈鼓掌 | |
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141
hawking
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| 利用鹰行猎 | |
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142
rebellious
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| adj.造反的，反抗的，难控制的 | |
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143
silicon
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| n.硅(旧名矽) | |
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144
eligible
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| adj.有条件被选中的；(尤指婚姻等)合适(意)的 | |
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