商务英语写作辅导：According to的用法

 　Although these phrases are often used interchangeably they have slightly different meanings, so we should be careful how we use them.

　　在很多情况下，“According to”和“In accordance with”都可以互换，但是两者之间还是有一些细微的差别的。所以，在使用这两个词组时，我们需要特别小心。

　　How to use “According to”?

　　“According to”的用法

　　“According to…” is usually used when you restate something someone told you or something you have heard or read somewhere. It is mostly used for reporting.

　　“According to”往往是用在重述别人的话，或者你在其他地方听到或看到的内容，常用于报告的写作中。

　　EX：According to the clerk we spoke¹ to when we telephoned the supervisory authority this morning, the application was filed last week.

　　例句：根据今晨我们对员工进行的监督权调查的电话访谈所说，上周表格就已经归档了。

　　It may be used to introduce information that might not be true:

　　“According to”可以用于引用不确实的消息：

　　EX：According to the state news agency, the number of demonstrators did not exceed 1,000. However, the organisers of the protest say there were at least 100,000 people on the march.

　　例句：根据官方通讯社的消息，参与游行的人数不超过1000人，而游行组织者称，参与游行人数超过了10万人。

　　It may also be used to introduce hearsay²:

　　“According to”也可以用来引用道听途说的消息：

　　EX：According to Annabel, Tom wants to dump Sarah because he really fancies Emma.

　　例句：听安娜贝尔说，汤姆要甩了萨拉，因为他被艾玛给迷上了。

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　　How to use “In accordance with”?

　　“In accordance with”的用法

　　“In accordance with…” is used in more formal contexts to introduce the notion of conformity³. In a legal context it is used for stating what conforms to the law or a contract. It is never used to introduce information that may not be true.

　　“In accordance with”是用在比较正式的内容中，用来引述确实的信息。在法律文本中，这个词组就是用来引述法律条文或合同中的规定的。“In accordance with”从来不会用于引用不确实的消息。

　　EX：In accordance with Article 72 of the Act, employees of the Company have the right to form a representative body.

　　例句：根据该法令第72条规定，公司员工有权组成代表团。

　　In some cases you can use “under…” instead of “in accordance with”, or where “in accordance with” seems too strong:

　　如果觉得用“in accordance with”语气太强烈的话，也可以用“under…”来替换。

　　EX：Under / In accordance with a general rule of the Pharmaceutical⁴ law, the sponsor and the investigator⁵ are responsible for damage resulting from conducting a clinical trial.

　　例句：根据药品管理法规定，临床试验的赞助者和研究者要对试验所造成的后果负责。

　　Using a comma with this type of clause

　　在使用这类从句时，建议使用逗号区分

　　EX：According to recent government statistics, unemployment has risen from 3% to 5% over the last 12 months.

　　例句：根据政府近期公布的数据，在过去的12个月里，失业率从3%上升到了5%。

1 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

2 hearsay   

n.谣传，风闻

参考例句：

• They started to piece the story together from hearsay.他们开始根据传闻把事情的经过一点点拼湊起来。
• You are only supposing this on hearsay.You have no proof.你只是根据传闻想像而已，并没有证据。

3 conformity   

n.一致，遵从，顺从

参考例句：

• Was his action in conformity with the law?他的行动是否合法？
• The plan was made in conformity with his views.计划仍按他的意见制定。

4 pharmaceutical   

adj.药学的，药物的；药用的，药剂师的

参考例句：

• She has donated money to establish a pharmaceutical laboratory.她捐款成立了一个药剂实验室。
• We are engaged in a legal tussle with a large pharmaceutical company.我们正同一家大制药公司闹法律纠纷。

5 investigator   

n.研究者，调查者，审查者

参考例句：

• He was a special investigator for the FBI.他是联邦调查局的特别调查员。
• The investigator was able to deduce the crime and find the criminal.调查者能够推出犯罪过程并锁定罪犯。