万花筒 2010-10-29&10-31 2010腐败国家排行榜出炉

When it comes to alleged¹ corruption³, some countries are continually accused. The group Transparency International ranks those coutries. Its research has found some surprises this year and some rather deep concerns. Ralitsa Vassileva joins us now from CNN center with the group's findings. Manisha, it is a corrupt² world according to the lastest annual study by Transparency International which is an NGO which rates the perception of corruption around the world. Almost 3/4 you can see it here in those countries in orange and red. Almost 3/4 of the 178 countries surveyed are scoring below 5, out of maximum 10 rating,ten being very clean, zero being most corrupt. Topping the list of least corrupt countries, Denmark, New Zealand, Singapore and Finland. While those perceived as most corrupt are Somalia, Myanmar, Afghanistan and Iraq. The UK is rating 7.7, it is in an all time low while the US has declined from 20th to 22nd. The Executive Director of UK Transparency International Chandrashekhar Krishnan says this is a worrisome trend. "We in Transparency International define corruption as the abuse of entrusted⁴ power for private gain. And often greed is the motivator for private gain. Now that's a problem which you find in both developed and developing countries. But of course the scale of the problem are varying and precise causes are varying. In countries like Afghanistan and Somalia who are at the bottom of the index this year. I think the key issue is that the state's institutions are very weak.Institutions are very weak,policies are weak,and awareness⁵ of the corruption issue is also very low. Now in countries like the UK and the US, what we have seen is a problem with institutions."Well, the study also finds that Russia is the most corrupt major economy. While Greece's rating has slipped to where its corruption is on a part with China's. And Isreal is perceived as more corrupt more than Qatar and UAE, back to you.
So what can be done to fight corruption, Ralitsa?
Oh, Manisha, Transparency International says fighting corruption is a two-way street which requires the engagement of both the governments and their citizens. "The fundamental thing is that those who govern must be fully⁶ transparent⁷ and accountable to their citizens. And citizens must demand that transparency and accountability. Now in some situations where democracy is fragile,one may have to rely on other institutions like, for instance, the media or civil society to have to articulate those demands for transparency and accountability. "And there is hope. Some countries that have improved their scores which shows that anti-corruption measures can change public perceptions. Chile, Ecuador, Macedonia as well as Kuwait and Qatar have made progress in fighting graft⁸ over the past year, back to you.
Good to hear about good news stories. Thanks a lot, Ralitsa, for that very interesting research.

1 alleged   

a.被指控的，嫌疑的

参考例句：

• It was alleged that he had taken bribes while in office. 他被指称在任时收受贿赂。
• alleged irregularities in the election campaign 被指称竞选运动中的不正当行为

2 corrupt   

v.贿赂，收买；adj.腐败的，贪污的

参考例句：

• The newspaper alleged the mayor's corrupt practices.那家报纸断言市长有舞弊行为。
• This judge is corrupt.这个法官贪污。

3 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

4 entrusted   

v.委托，托付( entrust的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He entrusted the task to his nephew. 他把这任务托付给了他的侄儿。
• She was entrusted with the direction of the project. 她受委托负责这项计划。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 awareness   

n.意识，觉悟，懂事，明智

参考例句：

• There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
• Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。

6 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

7 transparent   

adj.明显的，无疑的；透明的

参考例句：

• The water is so transparent that we can see the fishes swimming.水清澈透明，可以看到鱼儿游来游去。
• The window glass is transparent.窗玻璃是透明的。

8 graft   

n.移植，嫁接，艰苦工作，贪污；v.移植，嫁接

参考例句：

• I am having a skin graft on my arm soon.我马上就要接受手臂的皮肤移植手术。
• The minister became rich through graft.这位部长透过贪污受贿致富。