英语听力：Beethoven 贝多芬 - 10

 "The interior Beethoven, the private space Beethoven is a different Beethoven and the public space Beethoven, the concert hall Beethoven. And one of Beethoven's string quartets is said that this should never be played in public. These were pieces that were meant for intimate occasions. And they expressed different things. And this is a quality of music of the time that is different from today. There was music for public spaces and there was music for private spaces. And what Beethoven says in the two spaces is quite different."

 

The second movement of his first Razumovsky Quartet is quite extraordinary. He asked the cello¹ to play very quietly... Where's the tune²? I mean, it’s really an invitation for somebody else to join in. So the second violin answers with a tune. And then the viola says, "Hey, I'm gonna ask that question again." And I answer once again with the similar idea as the second violin. It's as though we are having a conversation.

 

"So it's the response between the players that's so crucial. I change the way that I'm playing and everybody else would respond in the same way. You can't do that with an orchestra. And the other thing with a quartet, what you are trying to do, is not to project to an audience, you're trying to bring the audience into your own world. When the players had the music in front of them, they couldn't play it. It's so technically³ difficult. He said: Don't worry, he said, this is music for a later age."

 

The idea of speaking to posterity⁴ was another legacy⁵ of the French Revolution. "The revolutionary period was a period of oratory⁷. In the convention in Paris, when people like Robespierre, Danton or Santos, these people stood up. They felt that they were speaking not just to the assembled audience there, they were speaking to the world at large, and indeed not only the world of the present, but they were speaking to posterity. And they crafted their speeches very carefully indeed. So as an orator⁶, they would begin with some very striking phrase, some striking theme. They would develop that, and they would come back to that from time to time. And in a sense, Beethoven's music does that very often. He begins with something which is really striking gripping, a statement so to speak, then develops it, and then comes back to it, almost obsessively⁸."

1 cello   

n.大提琴

参考例句：

• The cello is a member of the violin family.大提琴是提琴家族的一员。
• She plays a melodious cello.她拉着一手悦耳的大提琴。

2 tune   

n.调子；和谐，协调；v.调音，调节，调整

参考例句：

• He'd written a tune,and played it to us on the piano.他写了一段曲子，并在钢琴上弹给我们听。
• The boy beat out a tune on a tin can.那男孩在易拉罐上敲出一首曲子。

3 technically   

adv.专门地，技术上地

参考例句：

• Technically it is the most advanced equipment ever.从技术上说，这是最先进的设备。
• The tomato is technically a fruit,although it is eaten as a vegetable.严格地说，西红柿是一种水果，尽管它是当作蔬菜吃的。

4 posterity   

n.后裔，子孙，后代

参考例句：

• Few of his works will go down to posterity.他的作品没有几件会流传到后世。
• The names of those who died are recorded for posterity on a tablet at the back of the church.死者姓名都刻在教堂后面的一块石匾上以便后人铭记。

5 legacy   

n.遗产，遗赠；先人(或过去)留下的东西

参考例句：

• They are the most precious cultural legacy our forefathers left.它们是我们祖先留下来的最宝贵的文化遗产。
• He thinks the legacy is a gift from the Gods.他认为这笔遗产是天赐之物。

6 orator   

n.演说者，演讲者，雄辩家

参考例句：

• He was so eloquent that he cut down the finest orator.他能言善辩，胜过最好的演说家。
• The orator gestured vigorously while speaking.这位演讲者讲话时用力地做手势。

7 oratory   

n.演讲术；词藻华丽的言辞

参考例句：

• I admire the oratory of some politicians.我佩服某些政治家的辩才。
• He dazzled the crowd with his oratory.他的雄辩口才使听众赞叹不已。

8 obsessively   

ad.着迷般地，过分地

参考例句：

• Peter was obsessively jealous and his behaviour was driving his wife away. 彼得过分嫉妒的举止令他的妻子想离他而去。
• He's rude to his friends and obsessively jealous. 他对他的朋友很无礼而且嫉妒心重。