新概念英语85年上外美音版第四册 第5课

　　Lesson 5 No Room in the Ark诺亚方舟无容身之地
The gorilla¹ is something of a paradox² in the African scene. One thinks one knows him very well. For a hundred years or more he has been killed, captured, and imprisoned³, in zoos. His bones have been mounted in natural history museums everywhere, and he has always exerted a strong fascination⁴ upon scientists and romantics alike. He is the stereotyped⁵ monster of the horror films and the adventure books, and an obvious (though not perhaps strictly⁶ scientific) link with our ancestral past.Yet the fact is we know very little about gorillas⁷. No really satisfactory photograph has ever been taken of one in a wild state, no zoologist⁸, however intrepid⁹, has been able to keep the animal under close and constant observation in the dark jungles in which he lives. Carl Akeley, the American naturalist¹⁰, led two expeditions in the nineteen-twenties, and now lies buried among the animals he loved so well. But even he was unable to discover how long the gorilla lives, or how or why it dies, nor was he able to define the exact social pattern of the family groups, or indicate the final extent of their intelligence. All this and many other things remain almost as much a mystery as they were when the French explorer Du Chaillu first described the animal to the civilized¹¹ world a century ago. The Abominable¹² Snowman who haunts the imagination of climbers in the Himalayas is hardly more elusive¹³.
New words and expressions  生词短语
the + n.(s) 表示一类: the gorilla(s)
scene 场景
in the African scene : Africa as the background
gather palace 聚集地
something of a paradox 自相矛盾（人对猩猩的观点） contradictory¹⁴ ideas about him
主题句：One thinks one knows him very well.
问题：Yet the fact is we know very little about gorillas.
Their ideas vary。人们对他的观点相差很大。
For a hundred years or more 一百年甚至更多（包括一百年）
For more than one hundred years 一百多年
西方，动物一般用人称代替。本文中，gorillas用him代替。另外有：
cat - she, dog - he .
imprisoned 关起来圈养
be mounted in natural history museums 陈列在自然历史博物馆
重点句型：
He exert a strong fascination upon(on) Sb. 施加给人们强大的魅力
exert … on …  施加（压力）
impose … on … ,例如 impose influence on , impose pressure on
上句可表示为 He have a strong fascination for Sb.
或The gorilla is always fascinating to Sb.
alike  adv.相同，一样 adj.只能做表语。例如：
The two are alike. 这两人真像。
形容词只要以a开头，99.99%都做表语。不能做定语词。
例如：asleep , awake ,afloat等
He is the stereotyped monster of the horror films and the adventure books.
stereotyped - old time 老样子 horror films 恐怖片
film (英) movie (美) the stereotyped monster 经典模式
省略主语and (he is) an obvious (…) link with our ancestral past
link with … 与…相联系 our ancestral past  (n.)
through not perhaps strikly scientific
尽管话说回来，不是严格的科学概念
through 引导的从句主语和主句相同，可以省略。
Eg: I arrived at the meeting , though (I was ) late.
Yet 与however ，表示转折，意思完全相同。但yet 用在句首，however加标点，可以用在自由位置。
No really satisfactory photograph has ever been taken of one in …
Take picture / photograph 照相
of one  定语后置，satisfactory photograph of one。主要是为了句子的平衡。One 指gorilla
in a wild state 在野生状态下
keep the … under … observation 把某事处于观察之下
keep the city clean 保持城市清洁
close and constant observation 持续不断的观察
Eg: I have to keep the boy under close control.
To control the boy very strikly.
插入语：however intrepid = no matter how intrepid 无论多么英勇
Eg: No man , however intelligent , is perfect.
No palace, however peaceful and tranquil¹⁵ , is a paradise.
lies buried here among the animals he loved so well
埋葬在他所钟爱的动物中间
形容词做状语：lie awake , lie crouched¹⁶
lifespan 寿命
how long the gorilla lives
因为猩猩的寿命客观存在，所以live 用一般现代时。
Organ’s decay 器官衰竭
Nor 引导否定并列句，与unable并列
生活方式：group living , individual living
智力：intelligence - IQ , intelligence qoutient
CIA - the Central Intelligence Agency of America
CID - Criminal investigation¹⁷ Division 重案组，罪犯调查科
All this and many other thing remain (amost as much ) a mystery (as ) they were.
as much as 同the same as
…remain a mystery the same as they were.
He is as much a musician as a writer.= He is both a musician and a writer.
civilized world 文明世界
savaged¹⁸ world 野生世界
civilized : to get away from wild life
中文中的“文明单位”不能用civilized , 应该用model 或pace setting unit
I’m a pace soldiery。我是排头兵。
The Abominable Snowman who haunts the imagination of climbers in the Himalayas is hardly more elusive.
那萦绕在喜马拉雅山爬山者脑海中的那种令人难以捉摸的雪人，看起来也不一定比我们研究的大猩猩更加令人费尽心思。（通过侧面比较，引出结论，一种有用的写作方法）
Abominable Snowman 作比较，省略gorilla

1 gorilla   

n.大猩猩，暴徒，打手

参考例句：

• I was awed by the huge gorilla.那只大猩猩使我惊惧。
• A gorilla is just a speechless animal.猩猩只不过是一种不会说话的动物。

2 paradox   

n.似乎矛盾却正确的说法；自相矛盾的人(物)

参考例句：

• The story contains many levels of paradox.这个故事存在多重悖论。
• The paradox is that Japan does need serious education reform.矛盾的地方是日本确实需要教育改革。

3 imprisoned   

下狱，监禁( imprison的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He was imprisoned for two concurrent terms of 30 months and 18 months. 他被判处30个月和18个月的监禁，合并执行。
• They were imprisoned for possession of drugs. 他们因拥有毒品而被监禁。

4 fascination   

n.令人着迷的事物，魅力，迷恋

参考例句：

• He had a deep fascination with all forms of transport.他对所有的运输工具都很着迷。
• His letters have been a source of fascination to a wide audience.广大观众一直迷恋于他的来信。

5 stereotyped   

adj.(指形象、思想、人物等)模式化的

参考例句：

• There is a sameness about all these tales. They're so stereotyped -- all about talented scholars and lovely ladies. 这些书就是一套子，左不过是些才子佳人，最没趣儿。
• He is the stereotyped monster of the horror films and the adventure books, and an obvious (though not perhaps strictly scientific) link with our ancestral past. 它们是恐怖电影和惊险小说中的老一套的怪物，并且与我们的祖先有着明显的（虽然可能没有科学的）联系。

6 strictly   

adv.严厉地，严格地；严密地

参考例句：

• His doctor is dieting him strictly.他的医生严格规定他的饮食。
• The guests were seated strictly in order of precedence.客人严格按照地位高低就座。

7 gorillas   

n.大猩猩( gorilla的名词复数 )；暴徒，打手

参考例句：

• the similitude between humans and gorillas 人类和大猩猩的相像
• Each family of gorillas is led by a great silverbacked patriarch. 每个大星星家族都由一个魁梧的、长着银色被毛的族长带领着。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 zoologist   

n.动物学家

参考例句：

• Charles darwin was a famous zoologist.查尔斯达尔文是一位著名的动物学家。
• The zoologist had spent a long time living with monkeys.这位动物学家与猴子一起生活了很长时间。

9 intrepid   

adj.无畏的，刚毅的

参考例句：

• He is not really satisfied with his intrepid action.他没有真正满意他的无畏行动。
• John's intrepid personality made him a good choice for team leader.约翰勇敢的个性适合作领导工作。

10 naturalist   

n.博物学家(尤指直接观察动植物者)

参考例句：

• He was a printer by trade and naturalist by avocation.他从事印刷业，同时是个博物学爱好者。
• The naturalist told us many stories about birds.博物学家给我们讲述了许多有关鸟儿的故事。

11 civilized   

a.有教养的，文雅的

参考例句：

• Racism is abhorrent to a civilized society. 文明社会憎恶种族主义。
• rising crime in our so-called civilized societies 在我们所谓文明社会中日益增多的犯罪行为

12 abominable   

adj.可厌的，令人憎恶的

参考例句：

• Their cruel treatment of prisoners was abominable.他们虐待犯人的做法令人厌恶。
• The sanitary conditions in this restaurant are abominable.这家饭馆的卫生状况糟透了。

13 elusive   

adj.难以表达(捉摸)的；令人困惑的；逃避的

参考例句：

• Try to catch the elusive charm of the original in translation.翻译时设法把握住原文中难以捉摸的风韵。
• Interpol have searched all the corners of the earth for the elusive hijackers.国际刑警组织已在世界各地搜查在逃的飞机劫持者。

14 contradictory   

adj.反驳的，反对的，抗辩的；n.正反对，矛盾对立

参考例句：

• The argument is internally contradictory.论据本身自相矛盾。
• What he said was self-contradictory.他讲话前后不符。

15 tranquil   

adj. 安静的, 宁静的, 稳定的, 不变的

参考例句：

• The boy disturbed the tranquil surface of the pond with a stick. 那男孩用棍子打破了平静的池面。
• The tranquil beauty of the village scenery is unique. 这乡村景色的宁静是绝无仅有的。

16 crouched   

v.屈膝，蹲伏( crouch的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He crouched down beside her. 他在她的旁边蹲了下来。
• The lion crouched ready to pounce. 狮子蹲下身，准备猛扑。

17 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

18 savaged   

（动物）凶狠地攻击（或伤害）( savage的过去式和过去分词 )； 残害； 猛烈批评； 激烈抨击

参考例句：

• The horse threw its rider to the ground and savaged him. 那马将骑马者摔在地上，乱踢他。
• The drink had savaged him. 酒使他变得野蛮。